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      "title": "Call for Participation \"Cybersecurity and Social Media\" - Appel à participations « Cybersécurité et médias sociaux »",
      "body": "Call for Participation \"Cybersecurity and Social Media\" (Voir la version française plus bas)\n\nSocial media currently faces categories of threats based on different dimensions (Soumya.TR & Revathy, 2018): phishing, keylogger, malicious shortcut URLs, human attack middle, etc. (Rahman & Adnan, 2017). \nThis call for participation is based on the security triad that are defined in terms of Confidentiality (C), Integrity (I) and Availability (A) (Ghernaouti, 2016) to question the different characteristics of the security of a social media. On the one hand, it considers the scope of destabilization of cybersecurity on the socio-political and economic levels and, on the other hand, the stakes of power surrounding the illegal use of personal data on social media. Indeed, cybersecurity problems impact not only the political environment, as shown by the recent Cambridge Analytica scandal (Isaak & Hanna, 2018), but also generate annual profits of at least $ 1.5 trillion, the equivalent of Russia's GDP (Bromium, 2018). Given the risks of using social media, how can we protect privacy? How and why opening source code can contribute to preserving users’ “essential freedoms” (Stallman, 2018)? To which legislations to relate them? \nThese themes can be discussed from the technical point of view of centralized and distributed architectures. In this sense, it will be relevant to evaluate the evolution of categories of attacks that may target social media such as the sybil attack (Valarmathi, Meenakowshalya and Bharathi, 2016) or the hostile attack (Chandramouli, 2011). The use of free and open source software should also be considered in order to enhance the security of social media based on distributed architectures. The question of the regulation of personal data recorded on social media could be addressed from the point of view of ethics, law, biometrics and geopolitics. The contributions will consider Android malware (Jaafar, Singh & Zavarsky, 2018), cyberconflicts (Nocetti, 2018), cybercrime as a service (Choucri, Madnick, & Koepke, 2017) and cyberradicalization methods (Sabouni, Cullen & Armitage, 2017) whose good management and prevention contribute to the operationalization of the security of smart cities.\n\n    • This publication will discuss, among other things:\nrespect for privacy in relation to the Attention Economy;\nconfidentiality and security of personal data;\nregulations such as the RGPD to protect personal data;\n    • ethical issues related to big data and artificial intelligence;\nefficient security strategies put in place by innovative institutions;\nperformance of decentralized or distributed social networks such as Mastodon,\n    • Twister, Steemit or Wire;\n    • Social media manipulation activities to undermine a reputation, values, authority and decision-making processes;\n      \n    • Relationships between influence activities using private information and vulnerable individual-or group;\n    • Institutional policies (private and public) aimed at preserving the digital (and physical) integrity of individuals and territories.\n\n\n\n\n\nImportant dates\nSummary Proposal\n\nThe proposal will be 500 characters maximum. It must be submitted to the coeditors no later than March 15, 2019. An answer will be sent on April 5, 2019.\n\n\nFinal proposal\n\nAccepted proposals must respect the following instructions. The text consisting of a summary, a biography, an introduction, a development and a conclusion must not exceed 50,000 characters. Proposals must be submitted no later than June 25, 2019 to this email adress : [email protected] .\n\n\nCoeditors \n\nSchallum Pierre, PhD, teaches social media at Saint Paul University. He completed a postdoctoral internship at Mobile Computing and Networking Research Laboratory (LARIM), attached to the Department of Computer Engineering and Software Engineering of École Polytechnique de Montréal as part of the R & D project \"Modeling an electronic transfer platform of funds in mobile environments \". He holds a Ph.D. in philosophy from Laval University. His research includes technology ethics and medical ethics. He is a member of Smart Cybersecurity Network (SERENE-RISC) at Université de Montréal.\n\nFehmi Jaafar is a researcher at the Centre de recherche en Informatique de Montréal (CRIM) and an adjunct professor at Concordia University in Edmonton. Dr. Jaafar holds a PhD in  computer  science  from  the  Department  of  Computer  Science  and  Operational  Research  at  the Université  de  Montréal.  He  is  specialized  in  cybersecurity  research,  notably  at  Queens  University  and Polytechnique  Montréal.  Dr.  Jaafar  is  interested  in  cybersecurity  in  the  Internet  of  Things,  in  the evolution,  security  and  quality  of  software,  and  in  the  application  of  machine  learning  techniques  in cybersecurity.He  worked  as  a  researcher  in  the  Research  and  Development  and  Defense  Division  at Ubitrak Inc.\n\n\nAppel à participations « Cybersécurité et médias sociaux »\nLes médias sociaux sont actuellement confrontés à des catégories de menaces basées sur différentes dimensions (Soumya.T.R & Revathy, 2018) : l’hameçonnage, l’enregistreur de frappe, les URL raccourcis malveillants, l’attaque de l’homme du milieu, etc. (Rahman & Adnan, 2017). \nCet appel à participations s’appuie sur les critères de disponibilité (D), d’intégrité (I) et de confidentialité (C) ou critères DIC (Ghernaouti, 2016) pour interroger les différentes caractéristiques de la sécurité d’un média social. Il sera possible de considérer, d’une part, l’envergure des visées de déstabilisation de la cybersécurité sur les plans sociopolitique et économique et, d’autre part, les enjeux de pouvoir entourant l’utilisation illégale des données personnelles sur les médias sociaux. En effet, non seulement les problèmes de cybersécurité peuvent impacter le milieu politique, comme le montre le récent scandale Cambridge Analytica (Isaak & Hanna, 2018), ils génèrent aussi des profits annuels d’au moins 1.5 billion de dollars, soit l’équivalent du PIB de la Russie (Bromium, 2018). Étant donné les risques rattachés à l’utilisation des médias sociaux, comment protéger la vie privée ? Comment et pourquoi l’ouverture du code source peut contribuer à la préservation des « libertés essentielles » de l’utilisateur et de l’utilisatrice (Stallman, 2018) ? À quelles législations les rattacher ?\nCes thématiques pourront être débattues sous l’angle technique des architectures centralisée et distribuée. En ce sens, il sera pertinent d’évaluer l’évolution des catégories d’attaques pouvant viser les médias sociaux telles que l’attaque sybil (Valarmathi, Meenakowshalya and Bharathi, 2016) ou l’attaque hostile (Chandramouli, 2011). Il conviendra également d’envisager l’utilisation des logiciels libres et open source en vue du renforcement de la sécurité des médias sociaux basés sur des architectures distribuées. La question de la réglementation des données personnelles enregistrées sur les médias sociaux pourra être abordée du point de vue de l’éthique, du droit, de la biométrie et de la géopolitique. Les contributions pourront prendre en compte les logiciels malveillants sur Android (Jaafar, Singh & Zavarsky, 2018), la cyberconflictualité (Nocetti, 2018), le cybercrime en tant que service (Choucri, Madnick, & Koepke, 2017) et les méthodes de radicalisation en ligne (Sabouni, Cullen & Armitage, 2017) dont la bonne gestion et la prévention participent à l’opérationnalisation de la sécurité des villes intelligentes. \nCette publication discutera, entre autres : \n    • du respect de la vie privée en lien à l’économie de l’attention;\n    • de la confidentialité et de la sécurité des données personnelles ;\n    • des règlements comme le RGPD visant à protéger les données personnelles;\n    • des enjeux éthiques liés aux données massives et de l’intelligence artificielle;\n    • des stratégies de sécurité efficientes mises en place par des institutions innovantes; \n    • de la performance des réseaux sociaux décentralisés ou distribués comme Mastodon, Twister, Steemit ou Wire;\n    • des activités de manipulation des médias sociaux visant à saper la réputation, les valeurs, l’autorité et les processus décisionnels;\n    • des relations entre les activités d'influence utilisant des informations privées et les individus ou groupes vulnérables;\n    • des politiques institutionnelles (privées et publiques) visant à préserver l’intégrité numérique (et physique) des personnes et des territoires.\n\n\nDates importantes\nProposition  de  résumé\nLa proposition sera de 500 signes maximum. Elle doit être soumise aux coéditeurs au plus tard le 15 mars 2019. Une réponse vous sera envoyée le 25 mars.\nProposition finale \nLes propositions acceptées devront respecter les consignes suivantes. Le texte composé d’un résumé, d’une biographie, d’une introduction, d’un développement et d’une conclusion ne devra pas dépasser 50 000 signes. Les propositions doivent être soumises  au plus tard le 15 juin 2019 à cette adresse : [email protected] .\n\nCoéditeurs\n\nSchallum Pierre, Ph.D., enseigne les médias sociaux à l’Université Saint-Paul. Il a effectué un stage  postdoctoral  au  Laboratoire  de  recherche  en  réseautique  et  informatique  mobile  (LARIM), rattaché au Département de génie informatique et génie logiciel de l’École Polytechnique de Montréal dans le cadre du projet R&D « Modélisation d’une plateforme de transfert électronique de fonds dans des environnements mobiles ». Titulaire d’un doctorat en philosophie de l’Université Laval, ses recherches comprennent l’éthique des technologies et l’éthique médicale. Il est membre du SERENE-RISC - Réseau intégré sur la cybersécurité de l’Université de Montréal.\n\n\nFehmi Jaafar, Ph.D., est chercheur au Centre de recherche en informatique de Montréal (CRIM) et professeur auxiliaire à l'Université Concordia d'Edmonton. Dr Jaafar est titulaire d'un doctorat en informatique du département d'informatique et de recherche opérationnelle de l'Université de Montréal. Il est spécialisé dans la recherche en cybersécurité, notamment à l'Université Queens et à Polytechnique Montréal. M. Jaafar s’intéresse à la cybersécurité dans l’Internet des objets, à l’évolution, à la sécurité et à la qualité des logiciels, ainsi qu’à l’application des techniques d’apprentissage automatique à la cybersécurité.\n\n\nReferences \nT. R. Soumya and S. Revathy, \"Survey on Threats in Online Social Media,\" 2018 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP), Chennai, 2018, pp. 0077-0081.\ndoi: 10.1109/ICCSP.2018.8524200\n\nM. M. Rahman and M. A. Adnan, \"Two step verification system of highly secure social media: Possible to breach the security,\" 2017 International Conference on Networking, Systems and Security (NSysS), Dhaka, 2017, pp. 185-190.\ndoi: 10.1109/NSysS.2017.7885823\n\nS. Ghernaouti, Cybersécurité : Sécurité informatique et réseaux, Paris, Dunod, 1ière éd. 2006, 5e éd. 2016.\n\nJ. Isaak and M. J. Hanna, \"User Data Privacy: Facebook, Cambridge Analytica, and Privacy Protection,\" in Computer, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 56-59, August 2018.\ndoi: 10.1109/MC.2018.3191268\n\nM. McGuire, Into The Web of Profit : An in-depth study of cybercrime, criminals and money, BROMIUM, 2018. https://www.bromium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Into-the-Web-of-Profit_Bromium.pdf. \n\nR. Stallman, Free Software Is Even More Important Now, GNU, 2018, https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.en.html\n\n\nM. L. Valarmathi, A. Meenakowshalya and A. Bharathi, \"Robust Sybil attack detection mechanism for Social Networks - a survey,\" 2016 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), Coimbatore, 2016, pp. 1-5.\ndoi: 10.1109/ICACCS.2016.7586399\n\nR. Chandramouli, \"Emerging social media threats: Technology and policy perspectives,\" 2011 Second Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit (WCS), London, 2011, pp. 1-4.\n\nF. Jaafar, G. Singh and P. Zavarsky, \"An Analysis of Android Malware Behavior,\" 2018 IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security Companion (QRS-C), Lisbon, 2018, pp. 505-512.\ndoi: 10.1109/QRS-C.2018.00091\n\nJ. Nocetti  (DIR.) « Cybersécurité : extension du domaine de la lutte » - Politique étrangère 2018/2 (Été) IFRI. \n\nN. Choucri, S. Madnick, P. Koepke, “Cybercrime-as-a-Service: Identifying Control Points to Disrupt”, Working Paper CISL# 2017-06, Cybersecurity Interdisciplinary, Systems Laboratory (CISL), Sloan School of Management, MIT,  http://web.mit.edu/smadnick/www/wp/2017-06.pdf\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource de l'image : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cybersecurity.png\n![Cybersecurity.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZGak6W2vh8Di7GZ6ThbRtTEK2D3NGtznmbYLogdDLpzs/Cybersecurity.png)",
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      "body": "Dans le cadre de la journée ISACA Québec intitulée \"La transformation numérique au service de l'industrie\", une conférence sur l'écosystème de la blockchain au Québec sera présentée par Schallum Pierre le mardi 12 février à 10h30. Partenaire du CHUM, Blockchain Citiz est la première startup québécoise à proposer une solution Blockchain appliquée à la santé conformément aux exigences du Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec, du Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act et du Règlement général sur la protection des données. \nProfesseur à temps partiel à l’Université Saint-Paul, Schallum a effectué un stage post-doctoral dans le cadre du projet “Modélisation d’une plateforme de transfert électronique de fonds dans des environnements mobiles” utilisant la blockchain. Il est membre du Réseau intégré sur la cybersécurité SERENE-RISC de l’Université de Montréal.\nhttps://isaca-quebec.ca/speakers/schallum-pierre/\n![Capture d’écran, le 2019-02-09 à 14.19.16.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZqbGASstFXCThoDnjGAfC5kzW6NdhgTW8vHM4tuWHa8k/Capture%20d%E2%80%99e%CC%81cran,%20le%202019-02-09%20a%CC%80%2014.19.16.png)",
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      "body": "\"Deux nouveaux Services FACiLes entrent en production : Ébauche FACiLe et Extrait FACiLe https://dev.facil.services/\nSoumis par mathieugp le 16 janvier, 2019 - 20:34\nServices FACiLesL'équipe de bénévoles qui travaille au déploiement des Services FACiLes est fière d'annoncer aujourd'hui l'entrée en production de deux nouveaux services :\n\n    Ébauche FACiLe (CryptPad), une suite de bureautique «légère» en ligne avec un disque de stockage, un éditeur de texte, un éditeur de code, un tableau blanc et d'autres outils pour le travail collaboratif. Vos documents sont chiffrés/déchiffrés directement dans votre navigateur web.\n    Extrait FACiLe (PrivateBin), un outil permettant de partager des extraits de fichiers ou autres courts messages, qui seront chiffrés/déchiffrés directement dans votre navigateur web.\n\nRappelons que ces deux services s'ajoutent à Date FACiLe (Framadate), un planificateur de rendez-vous en ligne que nous avons mis en production en avril-mai 2018.\n\nNotons finalement que Pouls FACiLe est maintenant à votre disposition pour vous tenir au courant de l'état de santé de nos systèmes et qu'une liste complète de tous les Services FACiLes (prod, préprod, dev, etc.) se trouve l'adresse https://dev.facil.services\"\nhttps://facil.qc.ca/2-services-faciles-en-prod?fbclid=IwAR2iLRcvXcImM2YR4iZqKOM_SVH_aHXZuPWmnmPaY-Jyew-z0ElVX5muclY![Screenshot_2019-01-21 Services FACiLes(1).png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmacy4njjtgdLeeKVpRDoK7cebwKoXXr2Wj9XCeBEo57km/Screenshot_2019-01-21%20Services%20FACiLes(1).png)",
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      "title": "The University of Nicosia Blockchain Initiative invites applications for two post-doctoral seats funded by trade.io on advanced research in Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT).",
      "body": "https://digitalcurrency.unic.ac.cy/call-for-two-post-doctoral-seats-in-distributed-ledger-technology-and-smart-token-corporate-governance/\n\"CALL FOR TWO POST-DOCTORAL SEATS IN DISTRIBUTED LEDGER TECHNOLOGY AND SMART TOKEN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE\nThe University of Nicosia Blockchain Initiative invites applications for two post-doctoral seats funded by trade.io on advanced research in Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT).\n\nSpecifically, trade.io will be supporting post-doctoral research at the University of Nicosia in the areas:\n\n    Distributed Ledger Technology, with a specific focus on side-chains and cross-chain interoperability, and\n    Smart token corporate governance best practices and implementation.\n\ntrade.io is building a blockchain-based trading platform for cryptocurrency and traditional financial assets. More information about trade.io can be found at www.trade.io.\n\nThe University of Nicosia (UNIC) is the leading comprehensive universities in southern Europe with over 12,000 students. UNIC is, by most measures, the top university globally in the digital currency and blockchain fields. The University has long considered blockchain technology to be a fundamental technological breakthrough with significant financial and societal implications and selected it as one of its three interdisciplinary priorities across all schools and departments. The objective is to help students, businesses and governments develop a holistic view of the technical, business, legal and societal implications of cryptocurrency and blockchain technologies and use them to help build a better future.\n\nUNIC has constantly broken new ground in academia, being the first university in the world to:\n\n    Teach a university-level course on cryptocurrency (since January 2014) in the form of an online free MOOC (Introduction to Digital Currencies).\n    Launch an accredited academic degree program taught online in English (MSc in Digital Currency, March 2014).\n    Accept Bitcoin for tuition for any degree program at the university (since October 2013).\n    Issue academic certificates onto the Bitcoin blockchain (since September 2014)\n\nThis leading role in academia has been recognized by blockchain industry publications by evaluating UNIC at the top among universities involved in the field (CoinDesk, #1, 2016; Merkle #1, 2017). Today, UNIC, through its School of Business, School of Sciences and its Institute For the Future (IFF) employs the largest team in the academic world working on cryptocurrency and blockchain technologies, with over 35 faculty, industry experts, administrative staff and guest lecturers.\n\nUNIC provides corporate and professional training to a variety of financial and business organizations and is the key academic partner of the Association of Financial Professionals on blockchains. UNIC is also actively involved in the academic blockchain ecosystem via its Blockchain Research Center with several collaborations worldwide. Furthermore, it is active in the broader blockchain ecosystem by organizing summits such as DECENTRALIZED 2017, leading or participating in panels at major conferences, such as Consensus 2017 and ASU/GSV 2017, and playing a major role in advancing the field.\nCall for Two Post-Doctoral Seats\n\nCandidates should hold a Doctorate degree (all backgrounds will be considered, with preference in Computer Science & Information Systems). Programming skills, ideally blockchain-related, are essential for both seats.\n\nCompensation will depend on qualifications and experience and may include further academic development.\nApplication Procedure\n\nApplicants should submit the following items (in electronic form) through UNIC’s online recruitment system http://vacancies.unic.ac.cy/ :\n\n    Cover letter\n    Curriculum Vitae (CV)\n\nFor specific information, interested individuals may contact: Prof. Soulla Louca ([email protected]) , Co-coordinator, Blockchain Initiative, University of Nicosia, 46 Makedonitissas Avenue, P.O. Box 24005, 1700 Nicosia, CYPRUS (Tel.: 357-22-841625).\n\"\nhttps://digitalcurrency.unic.ac.cy/call-for-two-post-doctoral-seats-in-distributed-ledger-technology-and-smart-token-corporate-governance/\n![post-doc-2017.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmT5xCrKomTM5qFvU14xnRGBC6kHwh9nbaN7AVJJYF4vCA/post-doc-2017.png)",
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      "body": "https://anders.com/blockchain/ Blockchain Demo By Anders Brownworth\n\"Blockchain Demo\n\n    Hash\n    Block\n    Blockchain\n    Distributed\n    Tokens\n    Coinbase\"\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_160oMzblY8\n\"Voici une très explication visuelle des concepts derrière le fonctionnement de la blockchain (Chaîne de blocs). Nous introduisons l'idée d'un registre de transaction impossible à modifier avec l'aide d'une présentation web interactive. Si vous êtes intéressé à essayer la démonstration par vous même, celle-ci est disponible à: http://anders.com/blockchain/ Le code qui fait fonctionner la démonstration est disponible sur GitHub: https://github.com/anders94/blockchai... Je suis @anders94 sur Twitter Donations: BTC: 1K3NvcuZzVTueHW1qhkG2Cm3viRkh2EXJp ETH: 0x84a90e21d9d02e30ddcea56d618aa75ba90331ff\"\nhttps://anders.com/blockchain/\n![steemit.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmNyodjKuzjLqNTy4W8dcDKpKfSPM15QW74kokb4T6MpSY/steemit.png)",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://www.cnil.fr/en/blockchain-and-gdpr-solutions-responsible-use-blockchain-context-personal-data",
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      "author": "schallum",
      "permlink": "cnil-blockchain-and-the-gdpr-solutions-for-a-responsible-use-of-the-blockchain-in-the-context-of-personal-data-cnil",
      "title": "#CNIL  Blockchain and the GDPR: Solutions for a responsible use of the blockchain in the context of personal data  #CNIL",
      "body": "https://www.cnil.fr/en/blockchain-and-gdpr-solutions-responsible-use-blockchain-context-personal-data\n\"Blockchain and the GDPR: Solutions for a responsible use of the blockchain in the context of personal data\n06 November 2018\n\nBlockchain is a technology with a high potential for development that raises many questions, including questions on its compatibility with the GDPR. For this reason, the CNIL has addressed this matter and presents concrete solutions to stakeholders who wish to use it as part of their personal data processing operations.\nBlockchain\nWhat is a blockchain?\n\nA blockchain is a database in which data is stored and distributed to a large number of computers and in which all entries, called “transactions”, are visible to all users. A blockchain is not, in itself, a data processing operation with its own purpose: it is a technology which can serve in a diverse range of processing operations.\n\nPlease note: The term “blockchain” is often associated with another term that refers to a larger family of technologies: DLTs, or “Distributed Ledger Technology”. While the CNIL is interested in the development of such ledgers - which include but are not limited to blockchains - it has decided to focus its analysis on blockchain technology alone given that DLT solutions that are not blockchains are still too recent and too rare for a proper generic analysis.\nWhat are the characteristics and different types of blockchains?\n\nBlockchains are defined by the following properties:\n\n    transparency: all participants can view all data recorded;\n    sharing and decentralisation: several copies of the blockchain coexist on different computers;\n    irreversibility: once data is recorded, it cannot be altered or removed; and\n    disintermediation: all decisions are made by consensus between the participants, without a central arbitrator.\n\nIn practice, there are several types of blockchains, which use different permission levels for different categories of participants. The CNIL uses the following classification:\n\n    Public blockchains are accessible to all, anywhere in the world. Anyone can record a transaction, take part in the validation of the blocks or access a copy of them;\n    Permissioned blockchains have rules that set out who can take part in the validation process or even register transactions. They can, depending on the case, be accessible to all or be restricted;\n     “Private” blockchains are controlled by a unique actor who alone oversees participation and validation. According to some experts, these parameters do not respect the traditional properties of blockchains, such as decentralisation and shared validation. In any case, private blockchains do not raise specific issues regarding their compliance with the GDPR. They are merely “traditional” distributed databases.\n\nWho are the various actors that interact with blockchains?\n\nThe CNIL distinguishes between three types of blockchain actors:\n\n    “accessors”, who have the right to read and hold a copy of the chain;\n    “participants” who have the right to make entries (i.e., make a transaction for which they request validation);\n    “miners” who validate a transaction and create blocks by applying blockchain rules for “acceptance” by the community.\n\nHow do the GDPR and blockchains interact?\n\nWhen a blockchain contains personal data, the GDPR is applicable. The architecture and characteristics specific to blockchains will, however, have consequences on how personal data is stored and processed. The impact of blockchains on individual rights (namely, the right to privacy and the right to personal data protection) therefore calls for a specific analysis.\n\nHowever, innovation and the protection of individuals’ fundamental rights are not two conflicting goals. In fact, the GDPR does not aim at regulating technologies per se, but regulates how actors use these technologies in a context involving personal data.\n\nFor this reason, the CNIL has addressed this matter and, with an objective of contributing to on-going discussions on these technologies and their development, suggests an initial analysis and recommendations to stakeholders who wish to use blockchains when carrying out personal data processing.\nWhich use-case scenarios involve personal data, whether directly or indirectly?\n\nThe CNIL has received requests for advice from public and private stakeholders, in particular from the health sector and from financial institutions, including public institutions, large companies and start-ups. Over the course of these exchanges, it has observed that blockchains cover a very broad range of situations.\n\nThey can serve to transfer assets (e.g.: Bitcoin or property deeds), be used as a ledger ensuring traceability (e.g.: diploma certification) or even to launch a smart contract. The latter concept refers to an independent programme that “freezes” an agreement reached by two people in a blockchain in the form of an algorithm.\n\nAlthough all blockchain projects do not involve personal data processing, in practice, many uses of this technology require the manipulation of such data, both in terms of content and of information related to participants.\n\nA blockchain can contain two categories of personal data:\n\n    participants’ and miners’ identifiers: each participant/miner has a public key, ensuring identification of the issuer and receiver of a transaction;\n    additional data contained “within” a transaction (e.g.: diploma, property deed). If such data concerns natural persons, possibly other than the participants, who may be directly or indirectly identified, such data is considered personal data.\n\nUsing this distinction, the usual GDPR analysis applies: identification of the data controller, enforcement of rights, implementation of appropriate safeguards, security obligations, etc.\nA technological solution in support of the principle of accountability?\n\nThe GDPR represents a paradigm shift. Each actor, whether data controller or data processor, must now be able to demonstrate that its processing operations comply with the requirements set out by the GDPR.\n\nIn some cases, these technologies can provide effective solutions to some data protection issues. The CNIL has indeed had the opportunity of meeting solution providers who suggest relying on blockchain characteristics to efficiently meet the requirements imposed by the GDPR on data controllers.\n\nThe immutability of actions carried out on blockchains have, in particular, allowed for the development of solutions that meet the requirement for traceability of consent and operations carried out on data.\nWhich points require particular attention?\n\nIn some cases, these technologies are likely to raise issues regarding the GDPR. Therefore, they will not always be the most suitable solution for all processing operations. Thus, some aspects, such as the implementation of obligations concerning sub-contracting or the rules governing international transfers of personal data, require particular attention from actors using blockchains, in particular for public blockchains.\n\nIt is thus necessary to concretely assess the real necessity to use blockchain technology in light of the objectives and characteristics of each processing operation. In application of the privacy by design principle, the CNIL therefore calls for stakeholders to question, from a very early stage, the necessity of using blockchain technology, rather than an alternative technology, to carry out their processing operations.\n\nIn addition to questioning the use of a blockchain, the data controller must also question which type of blockchain should be used.\n\nThe CNIL notes that blockchains can take different shapes and that the choices made by data controllers (between a permissioned blockchain and a public blockchain, between different formats for recording data on blocks, etc.) can have a significant impact, both positively and negatively, on risks to individuals’ rights and freedoms.\nWhat are the solutions?\n\nRegarding the role of various actors, the work carried out by the CNIL has revealed that, in many cases, the participant (i.e. the person deciding to register data on a blockchain) can be considered as a data controller given that the participant determines the purpose and means of data processing.\n\nConcerning the exercise of rights, some rights can be exercised effectively such as the right of access and the right to portability. As regards the right to erasure, the right to rectification and the right to object to processing, the CNIL acknowledges the existence of technological solutions that should be evaluated. Without resulting in strictly identical effects, these solutions enable stakeholders to come closer to the GDPR’s compliance requirements, in particular by blocking access to data depending on the format chosen (e.g., commitment, fingerprint generated by a hash function with a key, encryption, etc.). Their compliance with the GDPR should therefore be examined. Moreover, in a more general manner, it is important not to store personal data in cleartext on a blockchain.\n\nFurthermore, principles relating to security of data remain entirely applicable to blockchains.\n\nIn any case, carrying out a data protection impact assessment could allow an analysis of the necessity and proportionality of the mechanism and, where necessary, enable the identification of cases in which other solutions may be more suitable.\n\nTo find out more, please see the CNIL’s analysis and recommendations.\nWhat is the CNIL’s action plan?\n\nThe challenges raised by blockchains in terms of compliance with human rights and fundamental freedoms necessarily call for a response at the European level. The CNIL is one of the first authorities to officially address the matter and will work cooperatively with its European counterparts to suggest a strong and harmonised approach.\n\nIt also intends to contact other national regulators (L’autorité des marches financiers (Financial Markets Regulator), l’Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution (ACPR, Prudential Supervision and Resolution Authority) to establish a foundation for inter-regulation that will allow the stakeholders involved to better understand the various regulations applicable to blockchains.\n\" https://www.cnil.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/blockchain.pdf\nhttps://www.cnil.fr/en/blockchain-and-gdpr-solutions-responsible-use-blockchain-context-personal-data![cnil.PNG](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmVZ3xEh4U4asp3uQrNjUNAARMt8fWDqNZ3FTJWs8tXZQA/cnil.PNG)",
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      "title": "Atelier du libre de  la  Maison des Utilisateurs de  Logiciels Libres de  Montréal   ”MULLM ” le 7 NOVEMBRE 2018  de 18 à 22hrs",
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      "title": "Atelier du libre de  la  Maison des Utilisateurs de  Logiciels Libres de  Montréal   ”MULLM ” le 7 NOVEMBRE 2018  de 18 à 22hrs",
      "body": "https://libreenliberte.org/index.php/activite-a-venir\n\"Nouveau  pour novembre 2018 et unique  à Montréal\n\n(Atelier du libre de  la  Maison des Utilisateurs de  Logiciels Libres de  Montréal   ”MULLM ” le 7 NOVEMBRE 2018  de 18 à 22hrs.  (Dans la  section arriere du café au niveau du rideau noir  de séparation psychologique des lieux) c’est notre section accorder  pour y tenir et perpétuer un ou des ateliers inspirants pour tous les niveaux d’utilisateurs.\n\nRencontre de  jour habituelle du troisième  lundi  du  mois.\n\nEn Novembre,  ce sera le 19 Novembre 2018 de 14:00 à 17:00  Au Rond-point café autogéré 3213 Ontario est, Montréal.  la MULLM et 3L. Organise cette  rencontre pour tous les niveaux d’utilisateurs, mais surtout pour les Débutants par la présentation d’applications libres de niveaux débutant comme les visionneuses  incluses dans nos distribution Gnu Linux et performantes pour visualisé enfin sur un écran un peu plus grandes nos prise de photos simples ou  de courts vidéos qui sont  dans nos système mais souvent oubliés. ex:  pix, openshot et on  va vous en faire découvrir d’autres!\n\n \"\n/https://libreenliberte.org/index.php/activite-a-venir/\n![maison libre.PNG](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmNo57z4eG7FFg9vCmbwE4uZspFc84zAJnTatu728TWrPY/maison%20libre.PNG)",
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      "title": "Study Day \"Cybersecurity and Social Media\" Saint Paul University, November 2, 2018 - Journée d’étude « Cybersécurité et médias sociaux » : Event in French & English",
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      "title": "THE ART OF DECEPTION: Controlling the Human Element of Security KEVIN D. MITNICK & William L. Simon Foreword by Steve Wozniak",
      "body": "http://sbisc.ut.ac.ir/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/mitnick.pdf\n\" Description\nThe world's most infamous hacker offers an insider's view of the low-tech threats to high-tech security\nKevin Mitnick's exploits as a cyber-desperado and fugitive form one of the most exhaustive FBI manhunts in history and have spawned dozens of articles, books, films, and documentaries. Since his release from federal prison, in 1998, Mitnick has turned his life around and established himself as one of the most sought-after computer security experts worldwide. Now, in The Art of Deception, the world's most notorious hacker gives new meaning to the old adage, \"\"It takes a thief to catch a thief.\"\"\nFocusing on the human factors involved with information security, Mitnick explains why all the firewalls and encryption protocols in the world will never be enough to stop a savvy grifter intent on rifling a corporate database or an irate employee determined to crash a system. With the help of many fascinating true stories of successful attacks on business and government, he illustrates just how susceptible even the most locked-down information systems are to a slick con artist impersonating an IRS agent. Narrating from the points of view of both the attacker and the victims, he explains why each attack was so successful and how it could have been prevented in an engaging and highly readable style reminiscent of a true-crime novel. And, perhaps most importantly, Mitnick offers advice for preventing these types of social engineering hacks through security protocols, training programs, and manuals that address the human element of security. \"\n\n\"For Reba Vartanian, Shelly Jaffe, Chickie Leventhal, and Mitchell\nMitnick, and for the late Alan Mitnick, Adam Mitnick, and Jack Biello\nFor Arynne, Victoria, and David, Sheldon,Vincent, and Elena.\nSocial Engineering\nSocial Engineering uses influence and persuasion to deceive people\nby convincing them that the social engineer is someone he is not,\nor by manipulation. As a result, the social engineer is able to take\nadvantage of people to obtain information with or without the use of\ntechnology. \nContents\nForeword\nPreface\nIntroduction\nPart 1 Behind the Scenes\nChapter 1 Security's Weakest Link\nPart 2 The Art of the Attacker\nChapter 2 When Innocuous Information Isn't\nChapter 3 The Direct Attack: Just Asking for it\nChapter 4 Building Trust\nChapter 5 \"Let Me Help You\"\nChapter 6 \"Can You Help Me?\"\nChapter 7 Phony Sites and Dangerous Attachments\nChapter 8 Using Sympathy, Guilt and Intimidation\nChapter 9 The Reverse Sting\nPart 3 Intruder Alert\nChapter 10 Entering the Premises\nChapter 11 Combining Technology and Social Engineering\nChapter 12 Attacks on the Entry-Level Employee\nChapter 13 Clever Cons\nChapter 14 Industrial Espionage\nPart 4 Raising the Bar\nChapter 15 Information Security Awareness and Training\nChapter 16 Recommended Corporate Information Security Policies\nSecurity at a Glance\nSources\nAcknowledgments\nForeword\nWe humans are born with an inner drive to explore the nature of our\nsurroundings. As young men, both Kevin Mitnick and I were intensely curious\nabout the world and eager to prove ourselves. We were rewarded often in our\nattempts to learn new things, solve puzzles, and win at games. But at the same\ntime, the world around us taught us rules of behavior that constrained our inner\nurge toward free exploration. For our boldest scientists and technological\nentrepreneurs, as well as for people like Kevin Mitnick, following this inner urge\noffers the greatest thrills, letting us accomplish things that others believe cannot\nbe done.\nKevin Mitnick is one of the finest people I know. Ask him, and he will say\nforthrightly that what he used to do - social engineering – involes conning people.\nBut Kevin is no longer a social engineer. And even when he was, his motive\nnever was to enrich himself or damage others. That's not to say that there aren't\ndangerous and destructive criminals out there who use social engineering to\ncause real harm. In fact, that's exactly why Kevin wrote this book - to warn you\nabout them.\nThe Art of Deception shows how vulnerable we all are - government, business,\nand each of us personally - to the intrusions of the social engineer. In this\nsecurity-conscious era, we spend huge sums on technology to protect our\ncomputer networks and data. This book points out how easy it is to trick insiders\nand circumvent all this technological protection.\nWhether you work in business or government, this book provides a powerful road\nmap to help you understand how social engineers work and what you can do to\nfoil them. Using fictionalized stories that are both entertaining and eye-opening,\nKevin and co-author Bill Simon bring to life the techniques of the social\nengineering underworld. After each story, they offer practical guidelines to help\nyou guard against the breaches and threats they're described.\nTechnological security leaves major gaps that people like Kevin can help us\nclose. Read this book and you may finally realize that we all need to turn to the\nMitnick's among us for guidance.\nSteve Wozniak \nPreface\nSome hackers destroy people's files or entire hard drives; they're called crackers\nor vandals. Some novice hackers don't bother learning the technology, but simply\ndownload hacker tools to break into computer systems; they're called script\nkiddies. More experienced hackers with programming skills develop hacker\nprograms and post them to the Web and to bulletin board systems. And then there\nare individuals who have no interest in the technology, but use the computer\nmerely as a tool to aid them in stealing money, goods, or services.\nDespite the media-created myth of Kevin Mitnick, I am not a malicious hacker.\nBut I'm getting ahead of myself.\nSTARTING OUT\nMy path was probably set early in life. I was a happy-go-lucky kid, but bored.\nAfter my father split when I was three, my mother worked as a waitress to\nsupport us. To see me then - an only child being raised by a mother who put in\nlong, harried days on a sometimes-erratic schedule - would have been to see a\nyoungster on his own almost all his waking hours. I was my own babysitter.\nGrowing up in a San Fernando Valley community gave me the whole of Los\nAngeles to explore, and by the age of twelve I had discovered a way to travel free\nthroughout the whole greater L.A. area. I realized one day while riding the bus\nthat the security of the bus transfer I had purchased relied on the unusual pattern\nof the paper-punch, that the drivers used to mark day; time, and route on the\ntransfer slips. A friendly driver, answering my carefully planted question, told me\nwhere to buy that special type of punch.\nThe transfers are meant to let you change buses and continue a journey to your\ndestination, but I worked out how to use them to travel anywhere I wanted to go\nfor free. Obtaining blank transfers was a walk in the park.\n\nThe trash bins at the bus terminals were always filled with only-partly used books\nof transfers that the drivers tossed away at the end of the shifts. With a pad of\nblanks and the punch, I could mark my own transfers and travel anywhere that\nL.A. buses went. Before long, I had all but memorized the bus schedules of the\nentire system. (This was an early example of my surprising memory for certain\ntypes of information; I can still, today, remember phone numbers, passwords, and\nother seemingly trivial details as far back as my childhood.)\nAnother personal interest that surfaced at an early age was my fascination with\nperforming magic. Once I learned how a new trick worked, would practice, \npractice, and practice some more until I mastered it. To an extent, it was through\nmagic that I discovered the enjoyment in gaining secret knowledge.\nFrom Phone Phreak to Hacker\nMy first encounter with what I would eventually learn to call social engineering\ncame about during my high school years when I met another student who was\ncaught up in a hobby called phone phreakin. Phone phreaking is a type of hacking\nthat allows you to explore the telephone network by exploiting the phone systems\nand phone company employees. He showed me neat tricks he could do with a\ntelephone, like obtaining any information the phone company had on any\ncustomer, and using a secret test number to make long-distance calls for free.\n(Actually it was free only to us. I found out much later that it wasn't a secret test\nnumber at all. The calls were, in fact, being (...)\"\nhttp://sbisc.ut.ac.ir/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/mitnick.pdf\n![Mitnick.JPG](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeaUWb3XeDAtjtWejVzxXaGGUfPwWqrSpaKRqnA2TGFBe/Mitnick.JPG)",
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      "title": "Communications sociales et médias sociaux, cours enseigné par Schallum Pierre, Ph.D. à l'Université Saint-Paul",
      "body": "L’objectif de ce cours est d’interroger la notion de la communication en contexte humain. Il analyse la relation entre les médias et la société. Sont également discutés : l’évolution des médias, du Web 1.0 au Web 4.0; la différence entre une architecture centralisée et une architecture distribuée; les plans de communication; les liens entre le réel et le virtuel; les usages actuels de la communication; les techniques innovantes pouvant faciliter la cyberradicalisation; les impacts des médias sociaux sur la vie psychologique, politique et économique des individus; et la pertinence de l’éthique dans la pratique des médias sociaux.\n\n\nObjectifs spécifiques du cours\nÀ la fin du cours, l’étudiante ou l’étudiant sera en mesure :\n1.\tD’énumérer les caractéristiques d’un média social\n2.\tDe proposer un plan de communication conforme à l’éthique pour les médias sociaux\n3.\tDe mesurer les enjeux éthiques liés à la sécurité des données personnelles \n\nDéroulement du cours\nPremière séance\nCommunication et société\n1.\tSens et définition de la communication \n2.\tSix théories de la communication\n3.\tHistoires de la communication \n4.\tCommunications sociales \n\nDeuxième séance \nDéfinition d’un média social\n1.\tWeb et Internet\n2.\tÉvolution du Web : du Web 1.0 au Web 4.0\n3.\tWeb social ou médias sociaux \n4.\tRéseaux sociaux et médias sociaux\n5.\tPlateformes Web et mobile \n\nTroisième séance\nArchitecture centralisée et architecture distribuée \n1.\tArchitecture centralisée  \n\tL’exemple des GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon et Microsoft) et des NATU (Netflix, Airbnb,Tesla et Uber)\n2.\tArchitecture distribuée \n\tL’exemple de la Blockchain dans les médias sociaux (Steemit)\n3.\tModèle d’affaire\n\tMonétisation des données par les plateformes \n\tMonétisation des données par les utilisateurs \n\t\t\t  \nQuatrième séance\nFacebook\n1.\tLa question de l’amitié \n2.\tBergen Facebook Addiction Scale (GFAS) \n3.\tLes enjeux éthiques de l’intelligence artificielle\n4.\tAPI et apps\n5.\tCiblage et confidentialité  \n6.\tSignification des pages commémoratives \n\nCinquième séance\nLinkedIn \n1.\tIdentité professionnelle \n2.\tPrésentation professionnelle avec SlideShare\n3.\tDifférents types de cyberattaque   \n4.\tCybercrime comme Web du profit\n\nSixième séance\nMédias sociaux et éthique \n1.\tScience des données et contrôle de l’individu\n2.\tHacking éthique\n3.\tLogiciel libre et ouvert (Framasoft, FSF, FASIL, APEL)\n4.\tCode is law (DRM, RGPD)\n5.\tAnonymat \n6.\tVie privée\n\nSeptième séance \nPlan de communication éthique pour les médias sociaux \n1.\tRespect des données personnelles\n2.\tOffre de services \n3.\tButs\n4.\tPublic cible\n5.\tBudget\n6.\tCalendrier\n7.\tChargé de projet \n8.\tRédaction \n9.\tRésultat   \n\nHuitième séance \nJournée d’étude « Cybersécurité et médias sociaux » \nhttps://steemit.com/cybersecurity/@schallum/study-day-cybersecurity-and-social-media-saint-paul-university-november-2-2018![USTPAUL.PNG](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeeF65o5nJxNHsUqWTRw8wjkEe8kaY5qYQjFWEx85RCr3/USTPAUL.PNG)\n\nNeuvième séance \nRencontre 2.0 \n1.\tIntimité et données à caractère personnel\n2.\tAmour\n3.\tSexe \n4.\tCapital culturel\n5.\tPornographie\n6.\tFidélité et frivolité \n7.\tStratégie pour se protéger  \n\nDixième séance\nCyber-intimidation \n1.\tVie privée et vie publique \n2.\tRéel et virtuel \n3.\tSanté publique \n4.\tÉducation \n5.\tJustice \n6.\tCas des personnes vulnérables \n\nOnzième séance\nJournalisme 2.0\n1.\tSoi comme produit : « si c’est gratuit, vous êtes le produit » \n2.\tModèle gratuit et modèle payant \n3.\tRobot journaliste \n4.\tCitoyen journaliste \n5.\tPoliticien journaliste \n\nDouzième séance\nCommunauté socio-numérique \n1.\tDéfinition\n2.\tGénération C\n3.\tUsages en culture, politique, économie, jeux en ligne, enseignement, logiciels libres, libre accès…\n4.\tRéglementation \n \t\tDroit, éthique et technologie \n\n\nhttps://ustpaul.ca/timetablesNew.php?task=detail&typeSearch=0&location=0&session=2189&codeCours=&sujet=0&coursId=017760&currentSession=20189",
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