VOTING POWER100.00%
DOWNVOTE POWER100.00%
RESOURCE CREDITS100.00%
REPUTATION PROGRESS48.96%
Net Worth
0.526USD
STEEM
0.017STEEM
SBD
0.629SBD
Effective Power
4.926SP
├── Own SP
3.855SP
└── Incoming DelegationsDeleg
+1.071SP
Detailed Balance
| STEEM | ||
| balance | 0.017STEEM | STEEM |
| market_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| reward_steem_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| STEEM POWER | ||
| Own SP | 3.855SP | SP |
| Delegated Out | 0.000SP | SP |
| Delegation In | 1.071SP | SP |
| Effective Power | 4.926SP | SP |
| Reward SP (pending) | 0.000SP | SP |
| SBD | ||
| sbd_balance | 0.629SBD | SBD |
| sbd_conversions | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| sbd_market_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| reward_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
{
"balance": "0.017 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "6269.292820 VESTS",
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"received_vesting_shares": "1741.904685 VESTS",
"sbd_balance": "0.629 SBD",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"conversions": []
}Account Info
| name | leksteph5 |
| id | 503696 |
| rank | 971,169 |
| reputation | 11334511381 |
| created | 2017-12-18T02:16:45 |
| recovery_account | steem |
| proxy | None |
| post_count | 71 |
| comment_count | 0 |
| lifetime_vote_count | 0 |
| witnesses_voted_for | 0 |
| last_post | 2018-06-01T11:00:15 |
| last_root_post | 2018-06-01T11:00:15 |
| last_vote_time | 2018-06-02T11:38:33 |
| proxied_vsf_votes | 0, 0, 0, 0 |
| can_vote | 1 |
| voting_power | 0 |
| delayed_votes | 0 |
| balance | 0.017 STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| sbd_balance | 0.629 SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000 SBD |
| vesting_shares | 6269.292820 VESTS |
| delegated_vesting_shares | 0.000000 VESTS |
| received_vesting_shares | 1741.904685 VESTS |
| reward_vesting_balance | 0.000000 VESTS |
| vesting_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| vesting_withdraw_rate | 0.000000 VESTS |
| next_vesting_withdrawal | 1969-12-31T23:59:59 |
| withdrawn | 0 |
| to_withdraw | 0 |
| withdraw_routes | 0 |
| savings_withdraw_requests | 0 |
| last_account_recovery | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| reset_account | null |
| last_owner_update | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| last_account_update | 2018-01-13T12:52:18 |
| mined | No |
| sbd_seconds | 822,649,401 |
| sbd_last_interest_payment | 2018-05-27T08:59:18 |
| savings_sbd_last_interest_payment | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
{
"active": {
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM85Am4Zdoo9ndvfu9Gjkw6fU6pLcUBbrhsidpyXWR5AcYDD55YV",
1
]
],
"weight_threshold": 1
},
"balance": "0.017 STEEM",
"can_vote": true,
"comment_count": 0,
"created": "2017-12-18T02:16:45",
"curation_rewards": 24,
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"downvote_manabar": {
"current_mana": 2002799376,
"last_update_time": 1699926330
},
"guest_bloggers": [],
"id": 503696,
"json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"name\":\"Leksteph5\",\"location\":\"Ibadan\"}}",
"last_account_recovery": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"last_account_update": "2018-01-13T12:52:18",
"last_owner_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"last_post": "2018-06-01T11:00:15",
"last_root_post": "2018-06-01T11:00:15",
"last_vote_time": "2018-06-02T11:38:33",
"lifetime_vote_count": 0,
"market_history": [],
"memo_key": "STM7fy2aYNHaWn9P6YiLXNMWaBtPu8cEUKwwYpoySe4dnjpihTf35",
"mined": false,
"name": "leksteph5",
"next_vesting_withdrawal": "1969-12-31T23:59:59",
"other_history": [],
"owner": {
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM8bDb3mMKm58GkhWbyDxeFG5gV6gvHyqrFV8NQexb5N1VkBSYfb",
1
]
],
"weight_threshold": 1
},
"pending_claimed_accounts": 0,
"post_bandwidth": 0,
"post_count": 71,
"post_history": [],
"posting": {
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM5BioPBJyZCfXTgmEHiRXjLkRjhdSN3XiEQJyfiFa2Ry52QpwYd",
1
]
],
"weight_threshold": 1
},
"posting_json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"name\":\"Leksteph5\",\"location\":\"Ibadan\"}}",
"posting_rewards": 1068,
"proxied_vsf_votes": [
0,
0,
0,
0
],
"proxy": "",
"received_vesting_shares": "1741.904685 VESTS",
"recovery_account": "steem",
"reputation": "11334511381",
"reset_account": "null",
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_vesting_balance": "0.000000 VESTS",
"reward_vesting_steem": "0.000 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"savings_sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_sbd_seconds": "0",
"savings_sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_withdraw_requests": 0,
"sbd_balance": "0.629 SBD",
"sbd_last_interest_payment": "2018-05-27T08:59:18",
"sbd_seconds": "822649401",
"sbd_seconds_last_update": "2018-06-12T05:12:39",
"tags_usage": [],
"to_withdraw": 0,
"transfer_history": [],
"vesting_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "6269.292820 VESTS",
"vesting_withdraw_rate": "0.000000 VESTS",
"vote_history": [],
"voting_manabar": {
"current_mana": "8011197505",
"last_update_time": 1699926330
},
"voting_power": 0,
"withdraw_routes": 0,
"withdrawn": 0,
"witness_votes": [],
"witnesses_voted_for": 0,
"rank": 971169
}Withdraw Routes
| Incoming | Outgoing |
|---|---|
Empty | Empty |
{
"incoming": [],
"outgoing": []
}From Date
To Date
steemdelegated 1.071 SP to @leksteph52023/11/14 01:45:30
steemdelegated 1.071 SP to @leksteph5
2023/11/14 01:45:30
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 1741.904685 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #79860701/Trx b93798c464f03f46b070bdc74fcaa7135561e334 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 79860701,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "1741.904685 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-11-14T01:45:30",
"trx_id": "b93798c464f03f46b070bdc74fcaa7135561e334",
"trx_in_block": 0,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.521 SP to @leksteph52023/09/22 00:54:36
steemdelegated 1.521 SP to @leksteph5
2023/09/22 00:54:36
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 2474.334915 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #78351515/Trx 53a97aeb6337650ad6f59a3ecb00e0e5581c942c |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 78351515,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "2474.334915 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-09-22T00:54:36",
"trx_id": "53a97aeb6337650ad6f59a3ecb00e0e5581c942c",
"trx_in_block": 2,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.658 SP to @leksteph52022/11/03 14:19:27
steemdelegated 1.658 SP to @leksteph5
2022/11/03 14:19:27
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 2696.016353 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #69116390/Trx a7fcfd548bf05439d4b778df7ba3a4ef33e9b7b0 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 69116390,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "2696.016353 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-11-03T14:19:27",
"trx_id": "a7fcfd548bf05439d4b778df7ba3a4ef33e9b7b0",
"trx_in_block": 0,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.793 SP to @leksteph52022/01/17 17:37:51
steemdelegated 1.793 SP to @leksteph5
2022/01/17 17:37:51
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 2916.251489 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #60817384/Trx b206e6b59eb83a81af2f314ac6c7b54f4fdf7731 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 60817384,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "2916.251489 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-01-17T17:37:51",
"trx_id": "b206e6b59eb83a81af2f314ac6c7b54f4fdf7731",
"trx_in_block": 11,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.906 SP to @leksteph52021/06/14 03:10:51
steemdelegated 1.906 SP to @leksteph5
2021/06/14 03:10:51
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 3100.318242 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #54610547/Trx 5b030ed2aefadedf325a482d0d9a9892fb64aac5 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 54610547,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "3100.318242 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-06-14T03:10:51",
"trx_id": "5b030ed2aefadedf325a482d0d9a9892fb64aac5",
"trx_in_block": 0,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.021 SP to @leksteph52020/12/11 13:26:42
steemdelegated 2.021 SP to @leksteph5
2020/12/11 13:26:42
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 3287.740216 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49357917/Trx 06d9d70f7a1cddac89e1234045d85cd8316b4eaf |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 49357917,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "3287.740216 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-11T13:26:42",
"trx_id": "06d9d70f7a1cddac89e1234045d85cd8316b4eaf",
"trx_in_block": 12,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.176 SP to @leksteph52020/12/06 07:03:09
steemdelegated 1.176 SP to @leksteph5
2020/12/06 07:03:09
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 1912.543513 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49209462/Trx f4378f8dd489a4339619382e7de38dc32ae206d5 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 49209462,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "1912.543513 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-06T07:03:09",
"trx_id": "f4378f8dd489a4339619382e7de38dc32ae206d5",
"trx_in_block": 1,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.025 SP to @leksteph52020/12/05 17:04:36
steemdelegated 2.025 SP to @leksteph5
2020/12/05 17:04:36
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 3293.948070 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49193004/Trx 1f8dca656a9e82009c659d490bda4d89b9ceb50f |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 49193004,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "3293.948070 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-05T17:04:36",
"trx_id": "1f8dca656a9e82009c659d490bda4d89b9ceb50f",
"trx_in_block": 4,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.180 SP to @leksteph52020/11/02 20:27:30
steemdelegated 1.180 SP to @leksteph5
2020/11/02 20:27:30
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 1920.017158 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #48263479/Trx ba4269f4479220ce15bce5d1a7bddbc47587ad58 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 48263479,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "1920.017158 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-11-02T20:27:30",
"trx_id": "ba4269f4479220ce15bce5d1a7bddbc47587ad58",
"trx_in_block": 1,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.150 SP to @leksteph52020/05/09 08:03:03
steemdelegated 2.150 SP to @leksteph5
2020/05/09 08:03:03
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 3496.753429 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #43219744/Trx 7c1de944d4f1fc59aeebae4f30a27097299bef0c |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 43219744,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "3496.753429 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-05-09T08:03:03",
"trx_id": "7c1de944d4f1fc59aeebae4f30a27097299bef0c",
"trx_in_block": 7,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.201 SP to @leksteph52020/05/08 12:00:00
steemdelegated 1.201 SP to @leksteph5
2020/05/08 12:00:00
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 1953.311140 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #43196248/Trx 46e2f703517451261791f5ef1698baa1a52ddfda |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 43196248,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "1953.311140 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-05-08T12:00:00",
"trx_id": "46e2f703517451261791f5ef1698baa1a52ddfda",
"trx_in_block": 29,
"virtual_op": 0
}2019/12/18 03:51:27
2019/12/18 03:51:27
| author | steemitboard |
| body | Congratulations @leksteph5! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table> <sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=leksteph5)_</sub> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes! |
| json metadata | {"image":["https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png"]} |
| parent author | leksteph5 |
| parent permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| permlink | steemitboard-notify-leksteph5-20191218t035126000z |
| title | |
| Transaction Info | Block #39134475/Trx 37cea0267e8c116fb6737af2b1b6de058cac1a67 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 39134475,
"op": [
"comment",
{
"author": "steemitboard",
"body": "Congratulations @leksteph5! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=leksteph5)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
"json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png\"]}",
"parent_author": "leksteph5",
"parent_permlink": "meaning-of-social-mobility",
"permlink": "steemitboard-notify-leksteph5-20191218t035126000z",
"title": ""
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2019-12-18T03:51:27",
"trx_id": "37cea0267e8c116fb6737af2b1b6de058cac1a67",
"trx_in_block": 5,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.240 SP to @leksteph52019/08/24 19:37:57
steemdelegated 2.240 SP to @leksteph5
2019/08/24 19:37:57
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 3643.699859 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #35841076/Trx ae02048137f076d295881ae421ecef11d46314a3 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 35841076,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "3643.699859 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2019-08-24T19:37:57",
"trx_id": "ae02048137f076d295881ae421ecef11d46314a3",
"trx_in_block": 37,
"virtual_op": 0
}2018/12/18 03:09:54
2018/12/18 03:09:54
| author | steemitboard |
| body | Congratulations @leksteph5! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5/birthday1.png</td><td>1 Year on Steemit</td></tr></table> <sub>_[Click here to view your Board of Honor](https://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5)_</sub> > Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**! |
| json metadata | {"image":["https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png"]} |
| parent author | leksteph5 |
| parent permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| permlink | steemitboard-notify-leksteph5-20181218t030953000z |
| title | |
| Transaction Info | Block #28660013/Trx ab6ced178eda67be6119c298641c01d2be68b101 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 28660013,
"op": [
"comment",
{
"author": "steemitboard",
"body": "Congratulations @leksteph5! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5/birthday1.png</td><td>1 Year on Steemit</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_[Click here to view your Board of Honor](https://steemitboard.com/@leksteph5)_</sub>\n\n\n> Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!",
"json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png\"]}",
"parent_author": "leksteph5",
"parent_permlink": "meaning-of-social-mobility",
"permlink": "steemitboard-notify-leksteph5-20181218t030953000z",
"title": ""
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2018-12-18T03:09:54",
"trx_id": "ab6ced178eda67be6119c298641c01d2be68b101",
"trx_in_block": 4,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.362 SP to @leksteph52018/09/11 07:03:45
steemdelegated 2.362 SP to @leksteph5
2018/09/11 07:03:45
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 3841.978044 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #25859825/Trx 59870098580ac77a216131957cab0722332ebe25 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 25859825,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "leksteph5",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "3841.978044 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2018-09-11T07:03:45",
"trx_id": "59870098580ac77a216131957cab0722332ebe25",
"trx_in_block": 14,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 14.886 SP to @leksteph52018/06/12 06:34:15
steemdelegated 14.886 SP to @leksteph5
2018/06/12 06:34:15
| delegatee | leksteph5 |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 24211.271104 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #23249865/Trx 106946fa697f932a43f9c2ae2ee33e661c02094e |
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}leksteph5claimed reward balance: 0.002 STEEM, 0.028 SBD, 0.020 SP2018/06/12 05:12:39
leksteph5claimed reward balance: 0.002 STEEM, 0.028 SBD, 0.020 SP
2018/06/12 05:12:39
| account | leksteph5 |
| reward sbd | 0.028 SBD |
| reward steem | 0.002 STEEM |
| reward vests | 32.519380 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #23248233/Trx 29922bbc7261a4dcb2b89f585255b81cf4495fa1 |
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}leksteph5received 0.001 SP curation reward for @brazi / dealing-with-depression2018/06/09 08:34:03
leksteph5received 0.001 SP curation reward for @brazi / dealing-with-depression
2018/06/09 08:34:03
| comment author | brazi |
| comment permlink | dealing-with-depression |
| curator | leksteph5 |
| reward | 2.032361 VESTS |
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}leksteph5received 0.002 STEEM, 0.028 SBD, 0.017 SP author reward for @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/08 11:00:15
leksteph5received 0.002 STEEM, 0.028 SBD, 0.017 SP author reward for @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/08 11:00:15
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| sbd payout | 0.028 SBD |
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}leksteph5received 0.001 SP curation reward for @princedone / food-for-thought-28-when-love-makes-sense2018/06/06 22:48:15
leksteph5received 0.001 SP curation reward for @princedone / food-for-thought-28-when-love-makes-sense
2018/06/06 22:48:15
| comment author | princedone |
| comment permlink | food-for-thought-28-when-love-makes-sense |
| curator | leksteph5 |
| reward | 2.032617 VESTS |
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}leksteph5claimed reward balance: 0.002 SP2018/06/06 15:20:36
leksteph5claimed reward balance: 0.002 SP
2018/06/06 15:20:36
| account | leksteph5 |
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}leksteph5received 0.002 SP curation reward for @luengonzalez / compete-against-yourself2018/06/04 23:19:09
leksteph5received 0.002 SP curation reward for @luengonzalez / compete-against-yourself
2018/06/04 23:19:09
| comment author | luengonzalez |
| comment permlink | compete-against-yourself |
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| reward | 4.065655 VESTS |
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}horlaideupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:40:15
horlaideupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:40:15
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
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}stevenson7upvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:15:15
stevenson7upvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:15:15
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
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}udezeeupvoted (6.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:13:15
udezeeupvoted (6.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:13:15
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
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}ogoowinnerupvoted (2.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:12:15
ogoowinnerupvoted (2.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:12:15
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
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}kingeaziupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:09
kingeaziupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:09
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| voter | kingeazi |
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}gprinceupvoted (8.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:09
gprinceupvoted (8.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:09
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
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}johny11upvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:09
johny11upvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:09
| author | leksteph5 |
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| Transaction Info | Block #22975229/Trx 7ddf6ecc112ce515d01b1531828fb7e714fc0952 |
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}javapointupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:09
javapointupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:09
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| voter | javapoint |
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}fadiji09upvoted (6.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:09
fadiji09upvoted (6.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:09
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| voter | fadiji09 |
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}vickyrichupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:09
vickyrichupvoted (10.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:09
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| voter | vickyrich |
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}afolwalexupvoted (5.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:09
afolwalexupvoted (5.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:09
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| voter | afolwalex |
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}naijapidginupvoted (20.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 17:10:03
naijapidginupvoted (20.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 17:10:03
| author | leksteph5 |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| voter | naijapidgin |
| weight | 2000 (20.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #22975227/Trx 146107625f50f98b482ea7e0a85ced4d5693d18a |
View Raw JSON Data
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}2018/06/02 11:43:12
2018/06/02 11:43:12
| id | follow |
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View Raw JSON Data
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}leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @brazi / dealing-with-depression2018/06/02 11:38:33
leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @brazi / dealing-with-depression
2018/06/02 11:38:33
| author | brazi |
| permlink | dealing-with-depression |
| voter | leksteph5 |
| weight | 10000 (100.00%) |
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View Raw JSON Data
{
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}leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @princedone / food-for-thought-28-when-love-makes-sense2018/06/02 11:21:18
leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @princedone / food-for-thought-28-when-love-makes-sense
2018/06/02 11:21:18
| author | princedone |
| permlink | food-for-thought-28-when-love-makes-sense |
| voter | leksteph5 |
| weight | 10000 (100.00%) |
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View Raw JSON Data
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}leksteph5published a new post: meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/02 10:29:18
leksteph5published a new post: meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/02 10:29:18
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | @@ -1062,16 +1062,17 @@ cribed. +%5B Click he @@ -1073,16 +1073,151 @@ ick here +%5D(https://steemit.com/steemiteducation/@leksteph5/understand-your-society-101-social-stratification-and-ranking-system-in-the-society) to chec |
| json metadata | {"tags":["writing","steemiteducation","naijapidgin","nigeria"],"image":["https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXtdvA2zUuzb5SHapnoP8Q4KdCcQjTBCnLJNMm1ZHCeku/images.jpg","https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXvMvK9AT211KdiZ3zrqyS28APhuhKD4UBsd5jdSEYZ5x/2Q==.jpg"],"links":["https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-images-happy-winner-success-business-woman-image21531124","https://steemit.com/steemiteducation/@leksteph5/understand-your-society-101-social-stratification-and-ranking-system-in-the-society","https://www.google.com/amp/s/tribuna.com/amp/championsleague/en/news/2330906/?source=images"],"app":"steemit/0.1","format":"markdown"} |
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | writing |
| permlink | meaning-of-social-mobility |
| title | Meaning of Social Mobility in the society |
| Transaction Info | Block #22967217/Trx 50ab72e84a9b290bdf05448bcd3425d85b2a5fdf |
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"body": "@@ -1062,16 +1062,17 @@\n cribed. \n+%5B\n Click he\n@@ -1073,16 +1073,151 @@\n ick here\n+%5D(https://steemit.com/steemiteducation/@leksteph5/understand-your-society-101-social-stratification-and-ranking-system-in-the-society) \n to chec\n",
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}naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 16:02:45
naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 16:02:45
| author | naijapidgin |
| body | @Leksteph5, thank you for using the naijapidgin tag.<br><br>We encourage and support minnows.<br><br>Join us on discord: https://discord.gg/5SR8CH4 for more fun and to submit your posts for curation. <br><br> You like what we are doing and would like to support us? Join our trail here: https://steemauto.com/dash.php?i=15&id=1&user=naijapidgin <hr>Sponsored by @ogoowinner |
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}naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 15:02:30
naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 15:02:30
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| body | @Leksteph5, thank you for using the naijapidgin tag.<br><br>We encourage and support minnows.<br><br>Join us on discord: https://discord.gg/5SR8CH4 for more fun and to submit your posts for curation. <br><br> You like what we are doing and would like to support us? Join our trail here: https://steemauto.com/dash.php?i=15&id=1&user=naijapidgin <hr>Sponsored by @ogoowinner |
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}naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 14:01:33
naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 14:01:33
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| body | @Leksteph5, thank you for using the naijapidgin tag.<br><br>We encourage and support minnows.<br><br>Join us on discord: https://discord.gg/5SR8CH4 for more fun and to submit your posts for curation. <br><br> You like what we are doing and would like to support us? Join our trail here: https://steemauto.com/dash.php?i=15&id=1&user=naijapidgin <hr>Sponsored by @ogoowinner |
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}naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 13:01:00
naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 13:01:00
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| body | @Leksteph5, thank you for using the naijapidgin tag.<br><br>We encourage and support minnows.<br><br>Join us on discord: https://discord.gg/5SR8CH4 for more fun and to submit your posts for curation. <br><br> You like what we are doing and would like to support us? Join our trail here: https://steemauto.com/dash.php?i=15&id=1&user=naijapidgin <hr>Sponsored by @ogoowinner |
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}naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 12:00:30
naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 12:00:30
| author | naijapidgin |
| body | @Leksteph5, thank you for using the naijapidgin tag.<br><br>We encourage and support minnows.<br><br>Join us on discord: https://discord.gg/5SR8CH4 for more fun and to submit your posts for curation. <br><br> You like what we are doing and would like to support us? Join our trail here: https://steemauto.com/dash.php?i=15&id=1&user=naijapidgin <hr>Sponsored by @ogoowinner |
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}naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 11:40:27
naijapidginreplied to @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 11:40:27
| author | naijapidgin |
| body | @Leksteph5, thank you for using the naijapidgin tag.<br><br>We encourage and support minnows.<br><br>Join us on discord: https://discord.gg/5SR8CH4 for more fun and to submit your posts for curation. <br><br> You like what we are doing and would like to support us? Join our trail here: https://steemauto.com/dash.php?i=15&id=1&user=naijapidgin <hr>Sponsored by @ogoowinner |
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}julsmlzupvoted (100.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 11:07:27
julsmlzupvoted (100.00%) @leksteph5 / meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 11:07:27
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}leksteph5published a new post: meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 11:02:18
leksteph5published a new post: meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 11:02:18
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | It is an everyday reality that some people from a low background status suddenly or gradually move up the ladder to a higher status. In recent Nigeria slang, statements like “e don blow” or “I want to blow” or “I don blow” come out from many lips to describe the movement from lower status to an higher status . In the same vein, some people move down the ladder from a high status to a lower status. The movement from one social status to another is known as social mobility.  [Image source](https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-images-happy-winner-success-business-woman-image21531124) Social mobility refers to the movement of an individual or group from one position in the society’s stratification system to another. Social mobility is only possible in a society with an open stratification system as social class can be achieved, contrarily, in close stratification system like slavery and caste where social mobility is forbidden and class is usually ascribed. Click here to checkout my post on social stratification for better understanding. **TYPES OF SOCIAL MOBILITY** **Vertical Mobility** This refers to the movement of an individual from one social position in the society to another of a different rank. This movement can be upward (upward mobility) or downward (downward mobility). For example, if an individual works as a teacher in a school but eventually got an appointment as the commissioner of education of his state, this is an upward mobility. A banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off by a bank undergoes a downward mobility. People experience downward mobility because of unemployment, sickness, business set back, lack of necessary skill to survive the economy, losing a job, dropping out of school, bankruptcy, demotion and so on. People also experience upward mobility when their business booms, they upgrade their skill to survive in an economy, they are gainfully employed, increase in income, promotion, marriage to higher status and so on.  [Image source](https://www.google.com/amp/s/tribuna.com/amp/championsleague/en/news/2330906/?source=images) **Intergenerational mobility** This involves changes in social position of children in relative to their parents. A doctor whose father was a plumber is an example of upward intergenerational mobility. In addition, a receptionist whose father was an engineer is an example of downward intergenerational mobility. **Intragenerational Mobility** This refers to the changes in social position within a person’s adult life. For example, a man who started work as a clerk in a company but eventually becomes the regional supervisor of that company has undergone upward intragenerational mobility. Whereas, a man banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off from a bank has undergone intragenerational mobility. **Horizontal Mobility** This is the mobility that does not bring about major movement up and down the social ladder; rather, it shows movement from one social position to another of the same ranking. For example, a university lecturer moving from one university to another but still retaining his position as a lecturer. **Structural Mobility** This occurs when changes in the society enables a whole group of people to move up or down the ladder of social class. These changes may occur as consequences of changes in the structure of the economy. For example, in the period of economic recession, there is a downward trend in social mobility as jobs will become scarce, many will lose their jobs, unemployment will become very high and money will be scarce. If however a period of economy boom emerges, there will be an upward trend in social mobility as income rises and many jobs will be created. Therefore, the changes that occurs as a result of changes that occurs in the economy condition is called structural mobility. **WAYS PEOPLE BOOST SOCIAL MOBILITY** People find various means to speed up the process of social climbing, however, |The initial placement of an individual in a social stratification goes a long way to help determine whether social mobility occurred or not. Some of the ways people facilitate social mobility are: contracting the right marriage, joining and manipulating associational membership, adoption of class-type behaviour, change in the standard of living. Contracting the right marriage is one of the ways social mobility oriented individuals attain movement up the ladder of social stratification. Therefore, individuals tend to marry up, that is, marrying into a family whose social class level is higher than their own. By doing this, such individuals may receive financial assistance from his in-laws; they may also get the necessary connection and advice to propel them to a higher status. However, acceptance into the higher social class is sometimes not automatic, as the individuals that marry up will have to quickly absorb and learn how to act and behave in his/her newly found social class. Failure to do this may result in total rejection from newly found class. People join some social organization, civic society and other kind of organizations to cultivate acquaintance and friendship, especially with individuals who are superior in the social class ranking in the society. In addition, belonging to these organizations open doors of opportunities (especially to individuals in the lower class), as most of these organizations are known to have great reputation and great individuals. Hence, membership in such organizations is of great advantage. Adopting class-type behaviour and changing the standard of living are other ways people attempt to boost social class. In order to be accepted to social class, a social mobility conscious individual must have absorbed the mannerism, standard of living and pattern of behaviour associated with an intended social class. Failure to portray these characteristics convincingly may lead to total rejection. Therefore, such individuals deliberately learn the mannerism, behaviours associated with the intended social class. This include, imitating mode of speech, recreation, table manners, acquisition of material possession, and so on. Other ways people fast-track social mobility include updating their skill, acquiring a degree and so on. Thank you for reading. I hope you have learnt something new today. |
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"body": "It is an everyday reality that some people from a low background status suddenly or gradually move up the ladder to a higher status. In recent Nigeria slang, statements like “e don blow” or “I want to blow” or “I don blow” come out from many lips to describe the movement from lower status to an higher status . In the same vein, some people move down the ladder from a high status to a lower status. The movement from one social status to another is known as social mobility.\n\n[Image source](https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-images-happy-winner-success-business-woman-image21531124)\n\n\nSocial mobility refers to the movement of an individual or group from one position in the society’s stratification system to another. Social mobility is only possible in a society with an open stratification system as social class can be achieved, contrarily, in close stratification system like slavery and caste where social mobility is forbidden and class is usually ascribed. Click here to checkout my post on social stratification for better understanding.\n\n\n**TYPES OF SOCIAL MOBILITY**\n\n**Vertical Mobility**\n\nThis refers to the movement of an individual from one social position in the society to another of a different rank. This movement can be upward (upward mobility) or downward (downward mobility). For example, if an individual works as a teacher in a school but eventually got an appointment as the commissioner of education of his state, this is an upward mobility. A banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off by a bank undergoes a downward mobility. People experience downward mobility because of unemployment, sickness, business set back, lack of necessary skill to survive the economy, losing a job, dropping out of school, bankruptcy, demotion and so on. People also experience upward mobility when their business booms, they upgrade their skill to survive in an economy, they are gainfully employed, increase in income, promotion, marriage to higher status and so on.\n\n[Image source](https://www.google.com/amp/s/tribuna.com/amp/championsleague/en/news/2330906/?source=images)\n\n**Intergenerational mobility**\n\nThis involves changes in social position of children in relative to their parents. A doctor whose father was a plumber is an example of upward intergenerational mobility. In addition, a receptionist whose father was an engineer is an example of downward intergenerational mobility.\n\n**Intragenerational Mobility**\n\nThis refers to the changes in social position within a person’s adult life. For example, a man who started work as a clerk in a company but eventually becomes the regional supervisor of that company has undergone upward intragenerational mobility. Whereas, a man banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off from a bank has undergone intragenerational mobility.\n\n**Horizontal Mobility**\n\nThis is the mobility that does not bring about major movement up and down the social ladder; rather, it shows movement from one social position to another of the same ranking. For example, a university lecturer moving from one university to another but still retaining his position as a lecturer.\n\n\n**Structural Mobility**\nThis occurs when changes in the society enables a whole group of people to move up or down the ladder of social class. These changes may occur as consequences of changes in the structure of the economy. For example, in the period of economic recession, there is a downward trend in social mobility as jobs will become scarce, many will lose their jobs, unemployment will become very high and money will be scarce. If however a period of economy boom emerges, there will be an upward trend in social mobility as income rises and many jobs will be created. Therefore, the changes that occurs as a result of changes that occurs in the economy condition is called structural mobility.\n\n\n**WAYS PEOPLE BOOST SOCIAL MOBILITY**\n\nPeople find various means to speed up the process of social climbing, however, |The initial placement of an individual in a social stratification goes a long way to help determine whether social mobility occurred or not. Some of the ways people facilitate social mobility are: contracting the right marriage, joining and manipulating associational membership, adoption of class-type behaviour, change in the standard of living.\n\n\nContracting the right marriage is one of the ways social mobility oriented individuals attain movement up the ladder of social stratification. Therefore, individuals tend to marry up, that is, marrying into a family whose social class level is higher than their own. By doing this, such individuals may receive financial assistance from his in-laws; they may also get the necessary connection and advice to propel them to a higher status. However, acceptance into the higher social class is sometimes not automatic, as the individuals that marry up will have to quickly absorb and learn how to act and behave in his/her newly found social class. Failure to do this may result in total rejection from newly found class.\n\n\nPeople join some social organization, civic society and other kind of organizations to cultivate acquaintance and friendship, especially with individuals who are superior in the social class ranking in the society. In addition, belonging to these organizations open doors of opportunities (especially to individuals in the lower class), as most of these organizations are known to have great reputation and great individuals. Hence, membership in such organizations is of great advantage. \n\n\nAdopting class-type behaviour and changing the standard of living are other ways people attempt to boost social class. In order to be accepted to social class, a social mobility conscious individual must have absorbed the mannerism, standard of living and pattern of behaviour associated with an intended social class. Failure to portray these characteristics convincingly may lead to total rejection. Therefore, such individuals deliberately learn the mannerism, behaviours associated with the intended social class. This include, imitating mode of speech, recreation, table manners, acquisition of material possession, and so on. Other ways people fast-track social mobility include updating their skill, acquiring a degree and so on.\n\n\nThank you for reading. I hope you have learnt something new today.",
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}leksteph5published a new post: meaning-of-social-mobility2018/06/01 11:00:15
leksteph5published a new post: meaning-of-social-mobility
2018/06/01 11:00:15
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | It is an everyday reality that some people from a low background status suddenly or gradually move up the ladder to a higher status. In recent Nigeria slang, statements like “e don blow” or “I want to blow” or “I don blow” come out from many lips to describe the movement from lower status to an higher status . In the same vein, some people move down the ladder from a high status to a lower status. The movement from one social status to another is known as social mobility.  [Image source](https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-images-happy-winner-success-business-woman-image21531124) Social mobility refers to the movement of an individual or group from one position in the society’s stratification system to another. Social mobility is only possible in a society with an open stratification system as social class can be achieved, contrarily, in close stratification system like slavery and caste where social mobility is forbidden and class is usually ascribed. Click here to checkout my post on social stratification for better understanding. **TYPES OF SOCIAL MOBILITY** **Vertical Mobility** This refers to the movement of an individual from one social position in the society to another of a different rank. This movement can be upward (upward mobility) or downward (downward mobility). For example, if an individual works as a teacher in a school but eventually got an appointment as the commissioner of education of his state, this is an upward mobility. A banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off by a bank undergoes a downward mobility. People experience downward mobility because of unemployment, sickness, business set back, lack of necessary skill to survive the economy, losing a job, dropping out of school, bankruptcy, demotion and so on. People also experience upward mobility when their business booms, they upgrade their skill to survive in an economy, they are gainfully employed, increase in income, promotion, marriage to higher status and so on.  [Image source](https://www.google.com/amp/s/tribuna.com/amp/championsleague/en/news/2330906/?source=images) **Intergenerational mobility** This involves changes in social position of children in relative to their parents. A doctor whose father was a plumber is an example of upward intergenerational mobility. In addition, a receptionist whose father was an engineer is an example of downward intergenerational mobility. **Intragenerational Mobility** This refers to the changes in social position within a person’s adult life. For example, a man who started work as a clerk in a company but eventually becomes the regional supervisor of that company has undergone upward intragenerational mobility. Whereas, a man banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off from a bank has undergone intragenerational mobility. **Horizontal Mobility** This is the mobility that does not bring about major movement up and down the social ladder; rather, it shows movement from one social position to another of the same ranking. For example, a university lecturer moving from one university to another but still retaining his position as a lecturer. **Structural Mobility** This occurs when changes in the society enables a whole group of people to move up or down the ladder of social class. These changes may occur as consequences of changes in the structure of the economy. For example, in the period of economic recession, there is a downward trend in social mobility as jobs will become scarce, many will lose their jobs, unemployment will become very high and money will be scarce. If however a period of economy boom emerges, there will be an upward trend in social mobility as income rises and many jobs will be created. Therefore, the changes that occurs as a result of changes that occurs in the economy condition is called structural mobility. **WAYS PEOPLE BOOST SOCIAL MOBILITY** People find various means to speed up the process of social climbing, however, |The initial placement of an individual in a social stratification goes a long way to help determine whether social mobility occurred or not. Some of the ways people facilitate social mobility are: contracting the right marriage, joining and manipulating associational membership, adoption of class-type behaviour, change in the standard of living. Contracting the right marriage is one of the ways social mobility oriented individuals attain movement up the ladder of social stratification. Therefore, individuals tend to marry up, that is, marrying into a family whose social class level is higher than their own. By doing this, such individuals may receive financial assistance from his in-laws; they may also get the necessary connection and advice to propel them to a higher status. However, acceptance into the higher social class is sometimes not automatic, as the individuals that marry up will have to quickly absorb and learn how to act and behave in his/her newly found social class. Failure to do this may result in total rejection from newly found class. People join some social organization, civic society and other kind of organizations to cultivate acquaintance and friendship, especially with individuals who are superior in the social class ranking in the society. In addition, belonging to these organizations open doors of opportunities (especially to individuals in the lower class), as most of these organizations are known to have great reputation and great individuals. Hence, membership in such organizations is of great advantage. Adopting class-type behaviour and changing the standard of living are other ways people attempt to boost social class. In order to be accepted to social class, a social mobility conscious individual must have absorbed the mannerism, standard of living and pattern of behaviour associated with an intended social class. Failure to portray these characteristics convincingly may lead to total rejection. Therefore, such individuals deliberately learn the mannerism, behaviours associated with the intended social class. This include, imitating mode of speech, recreation, table manners, acquisition of material possession, and so on. Other ways people fast-track social mobility include updating their skill, acquiring a degree and so on. Thank you for reading. I hope you have learnt something new today. |
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"body": "It is an everyday reality that some people from a low background status suddenly or gradually move up the ladder to a higher status. In recent Nigeria slang, statements like “e don blow” or “I want to blow” or “I don blow” come out from many lips to describe the movement from lower status to an higher status . In the same vein, some people move down the ladder from a high status to a lower status. The movement from one social status to another is known as social mobility.\n\n[Image source](https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-images-happy-winner-success-business-woman-image21531124)\n\n\nSocial mobility refers to the movement of an individual or group from one position in the society’s stratification system to another. Social mobility is only possible in a society with an open stratification system as social class can be achieved, contrarily, in close stratification system like slavery and caste where social mobility is forbidden and class is usually ascribed. Click here to checkout my post on social stratification for better understanding.\n\n\n**TYPES OF SOCIAL MOBILITY**\n\n**Vertical Mobility**\n\nThis refers to the movement of an individual from one social position in the society to another of a different rank. This movement can be upward (upward mobility) or downward (downward mobility). For example, if an individual works as a teacher in a school but eventually got an appointment as the commissioner of education of his state, this is an upward mobility. A banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off by a bank undergoes a downward mobility. People experience downward mobility because of unemployment, sickness, business set back, lack of necessary skill to survive the economy, losing a job, dropping out of school, bankruptcy, demotion and so on. People also experience upward mobility when their business booms, they upgrade their skill to survive in an economy, they are gainfully employed, increase in income, promotion, marriage to higher status and so on.\n\n[Image source](https://www.google.com/amp/s/tribuna.com/amp/championsleague/en/news/2330906/?source=images)\n\n**Intergenerational mobility**\n\nThis involves changes in social position of children in relative to their parents. A doctor whose father was a plumber is an example of upward intergenerational mobility. In addition, a receptionist whose father was an engineer is an example of downward intergenerational mobility.\n\n**Intragenerational Mobility**\n\nThis refers to the changes in social position within a person’s adult life. For example, a man who started work as a clerk in a company but eventually becomes the regional supervisor of that company has undergone upward intragenerational mobility. Whereas, a man banker who becomes a taxi driver after being laid-off from a bank has undergone intragenerational mobility.\n\n**Horizontal Mobility**\n\nThis is the mobility that does not bring about major movement up and down the social ladder; rather, it shows movement from one social position to another of the same ranking. For example, a university lecturer moving from one university to another but still retaining his position as a lecturer.\n\n\n**Structural Mobility**\nThis occurs when changes in the society enables a whole group of people to move up or down the ladder of social class. These changes may occur as consequences of changes in the structure of the economy. For example, in the period of economic recession, there is a downward trend in social mobility as jobs will become scarce, many will lose their jobs, unemployment will become very high and money will be scarce. If however a period of economy boom emerges, there will be an upward trend in social mobility as income rises and many jobs will be created. Therefore, the changes that occurs as a result of changes that occurs in the economy condition is called structural mobility.\n\n\n**WAYS PEOPLE BOOST SOCIAL MOBILITY**\n\nPeople find various means to speed up the process of social climbing, however, |The initial placement of an individual in a social stratification goes a long way to help determine whether social mobility occurred or not. Some of the ways people facilitate social mobility are: contracting the right marriage, joining and manipulating associational membership, adoption of class-type behaviour, change in the standard of living.\n\n\nContracting the right marriage is one of the ways social mobility oriented individuals attain movement up the ladder of social stratification. Therefore, individuals tend to marry up, that is, marrying into a family whose social class level is higher than their own. By doing this, such individuals may receive financial assistance from his in-laws; they may also get the necessary connection and advice to propel them to a higher status. However, acceptance into the higher social class is sometimes not automatic, as the individuals that marry up will have to quickly absorb and learn how to act and behave in his/her newly found social class. Failure to do this may result in total rejection from newly found class.\n\n\nPeople join some social organization, civic society and other kind of organizations to cultivate acquaintance and friendship, especially with individuals who are superior in the social class ranking in the society. In addition, belonging to these organizations open doors of opportunities (especially to individuals in the lower class), as most of these organizations are known to have great reputation and great individuals. Hence, membership in such organizations is of great advantage. \n\n\nAdopting class-type behaviour and changing the standard of living are other ways people attempt to boost social class. In order to be accepted to social class, a social mobility conscious individual must have absorbed the mannerism, standard of living and pattern of behaviour associated with an intended social class. Failure to portray these characteristics convincingly may lead to total rejection. Therefore, such individuals deliberately learn the mannerism, behaviours associated with the intended social class. This include, imitating mode of speech, recreation, table manners, acquisition of material possession, and so on. Other ways people fast-track social mobility include updating their skill, acquiring a degree and so on.\n\n\nThank you for reading. I hope you have learnt something new today.",
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}leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @phunke / teach-literature-to-children-through-music2018/05/30 08:22:27
leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @phunke / teach-literature-to-children-through-music
2018/05/30 08:22:27
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2018/05/30 07:43:06
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | Thank you. I will surely apply your very insightful approach to my life. Greetings from Nigeria. |
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"body": "Thank you. I will surely apply your very insightful approach to my life.\nGreetings from Nigeria.",
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}leksteph5followed @luengonzalez2018/05/30 07:24:30
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2018/05/30 07:24:30
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2018/05/30 05:58:21
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| body | Hello @leksteph5... the important thing of the process is to go planning realistic goals, once achieved you can take the next step with new goals and so on until you achieve the final goal... The process has been difficult but it is not impossible, thanks for taking tell the title of this post and make it yours... I hope to have generated something positive in you to apply it daily in your life... Greetings from Venezuela! |
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| body | Oshe Mr rapper Nigeria sef don let everybody tire |
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| body | Definitely. And i followed you as well. |
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2018/05/29 12:51:30
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | Thanks so much for the compliment. Do well to revisit. |
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2018/05/29 12:41:42
| author | nonz |
| body | You know how I feel about lengthy posts already so I'm not going to lie to you that I read it all. I stopped that _what determine social class_. I will revisit this article, later on, to finish up because of I'm interested in the subject matter of this piece. It's a well-detailed piece. |
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| author | drekkelly |
| body | Thanks |
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2018/05/29 12:30:51
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2018/05/29 12:24:51
| author | nonz |
| body | True. Especially when it's a writer you fancy. For example, I always read @tarazkp articles, no matter how lengthy they are because they are organic and relatable . |
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}leksteph5sent 1.000 STEEM to @airhawk-exchange- "Mayor"2018/05/29 12:09:09
leksteph5sent 1.000 STEEM to @airhawk-exchange- "Mayor"
2018/05/29 12:09:09
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}leksteph5removed vote from (0.00%) @leksteph5 / understand-your-society-101-social-stratification-and-ranking-system-in-the-society2018/05/29 11:50:00
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2018/05/29 11:50:00
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2018/05/29 11:49:36
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}leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @alfiannurmedia / legend-nusantara-nusa-island-d792a8fd128db2018/05/29 11:47:39
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2018/05/29 11:47:39
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2018/05/29 11:46:30
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | Hello Steemians. Welcome to my blog. Today I will be discussing the social stratification existing in our society and the factors influencing the ranking system. In every society, there are socially constructed inequalities which we are consciously or unconsciously aware. Sometimes we consciously or unconsciously perpetuate these social inequalities. A good example is when some set of people are made to sit at the high table or specially provided seats during an event, while other people are deprived of the same preferential treatment. This inequality occurs mostly because people in the society have differ possession of wealth, status and power. This is why we sometimes refer to some set of people as the upper class, middle class and lower class. When a system of social inequality is based on a hierarchy of groups, this is social stratification.  [Image source](https://wecommunication.blogspot.com.ng/2014/12/social-stratification-meaning-types-and.html?m=1 ) Social stratification refers to the ranking and categorization of people in the society based on their socioeconomic affluence. Schaefer(2013), sees social stratification as a structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society. A better illustration is to see stratification like a geological layering of rock, whereby, people with more resources occupy the topmost layer (upper class and middle class), while those with fewer resources settle for lower layer(lower class). In other words, it is the existence of social groups whereby one group is ranked over another usually in terms of wealth, prestige or power that members of each group possess. It is important to emphasize that social stratification does not refer to individuals; rather, it refers to a way of ranking large groups of people into a hierarchy according to their relative privileges (Henslin, 2013) Social stratification is a society-wide system; it is universal. It is an important subject (especially in sociology) because of its influence on human interaction. People’s life chances, experience and opportunities are influenced by how their social category is ranked in the society. For example, people with wealth and prestige are more likely to have more opportunities come their way than those with less aforementioned attributes. In addition, the rankings apply to social categories of people who share a common characteristic without necessarily interacting or identifying with one another (Giddens, 2009). What is the basis for stratifying people in the society and is social stratification justifiable? These questions will be answered, however, it is important we understand the system of social stratification that exists in our society. **SYSTEMS OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION** Historically, four major systems of stratification have been identified. These are Slavery system, Caste system, Estate system and social class system. **Slavery system** .jpg) [Image source](https://www.aaihs.org/race-economics-and-the-persistence-of-slavery/ ) This is an extreme form of inequality. In this system, people are owned as property like cars. The condition of slave ownership and the way slavery is practised varied from society to society. Sometimes slaves are totally deprived of all human rights, while in other society; they are treated more like servants. For example in ancient Greece, some slaves occupy the position of responsibility. Although they are excluded from the military and political position, however, they are accepted in some other occupation; in fact, some of them are literate and also work for the government. Nevertheless, not all slaves can be that lucky. In contrast, the United States practised an extreme form of slavery. They had it legalized and there are strict laws preventing slaves’ freedom. Slavery is temporary in some places, for instance, Roman’s slaves have the right to buy their freedom and Israel is known to free their slaves on the year of jubilee, which occurs every fifty years. Slaves are gotten through various ways, however, the major source of slaves is through war; when a larger kingdom conquers smaller kingdoms, and some of the vanquished are enslaved. In another situation, debtors are enslaved for their inability to pay their debt. Therefore, a freeborn can become slaves; this is common in ancient Rome. A person who commits some serious crimes is also enslaved. Today, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which is binding on all members of the United Nations, prohibits slavery in all its forms (Schaefer, 2013). However, modern-day slavery still exists. A recent revelation occurred in Libya where illegal immigrants are enslaved and tortured. Asides from this, children(especially females) are still enslaved and forced into prostitution in Africa, Asia and some other parts of the world **Caste system** The caste system is a closed stratification system, and people can do nothing to change their social status. In this system, Caste membership is ascribed and it is lifelong (birth determines status). Therefore, an individual born into a low-status group will forever remain in the low-status group regardless of his/her accomplishment. In other words, this system is immobile and gives no room for mobility from one status to another. A society where this system is practised ensures that boundaries between the various castes remain firm. Endogamy (marriage within the same social group) is seriously encouraged and exogamy is strictly forbidden in such societies. In fact, there are rituals to be performed if a member of a superior caste touches a member of an inferior caste. A good example of this system occurs in India and it is associated with Hinduism. There are four major castes in India with a fifth called the untouchables. The four major caste consists of the Brahmins (scholars and spiritual leaders) at the top, Ksyarriyas (soldiers and rulers ) follows, then followed by the Vaisyas (farmers and merchants) and the Shudras (labourers and artisans). Below the four castes are those known as the 'untouchables' or Dalits.  [Image source](http://www.selectintroductions.com/colorful-india/) The Dalits are made to do the worst jobs in the society such as removing human waste. Members of the higher caste regard contact with the Dalits as contaminating, hence, they perform rituals to cleanse themselves when such contact occurs. Although India government abolished the caste system as far back as 1949, however, this practice persists. Nevertheless, urbanization, globalization and the modern-day capitalist economy is gradually putting a drastic end to the caste system in the country. The anonymity of city life tends to blur caste boundaries, allowing the Dalit to pass unrecognized in temples, schools, and places of employment (Schaefer, 2013). In addition, globalization and technology have provided arrays opportunities to those who can capitalize on them. Another good example is the apartheid system that was formerly operated in South Africa before it was abolished. The black Africans and whites rigidly separated. The whites control all the country’s wealth and resources. **Estate system** This system was prominent during the middle ages in the feudal societies. In this system, there are three groups. The first group is made up of wealthy families known as the nobles (nobility). They own lands which are considered as the major source of wealth at that time. They do not engage in farming, because they consider it as demeaning, rather they administer/lease land to those who will work on them. In return, they get a percentage of the farm products; usually a larger percentage. The second groups are the clergy who at that time has some power. They own and administer land. The last groups consisted of the commoners known as the serfs. They do not own land which is the major source of wealth, hence, they work on land and mostly, they are regarded to belong to the land. The serfs do the farming and cannot be separated from the land because that is their major source of livelihood. If someone bought or inherited land, the serfs came with it. Serfs were born into the third estate, and they died within it, too (Henslin,2013). Although in rare occasions, individuals make it out of the third group, either through vocation into the priesthood or knighted due to bravery at war. In other words, unlike caste, a certain degree of mobility and marriage is allowed in estate system. **Social class system** As the society evolves from the feudal system, people whose sources of wealth does not depend on land or agriculture emerges. This ushered in the social class system. A social class system is based on wealth and material possession. We can define a class as a large-scale grouping of people who share common economic resources, which strongly influence the type of lifestyle they are able to lead (Giddens, 2009). A class system is a social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influence social mobility (Schaefer, 2013). This system is an open system and unlike in slavery, caste and feudal system, individuals can change their social class by what they can achieve or fail to achieve. In other words, an individual in a lower social class status can achieve higher social class status. Therefore, the social class system gives room for social mobility; movement from one stratum to another. This system also allows intermarriage regardless of the social class the couple belongs. People go to school and also work hard in their various occupation and professions because of the potential the class system provides to either improve their lives; move up the ladder or fail to improve their lives then move down the ladder. The social class system is the prominent system in operation in our modern society. **WHAT DETERMINES SOCIAL CLASS AND STRATIFICATION IN THE SOCIETY (THE BASIS FOR STRATIFYING PEOPLE)** **KARL MARX’S VIEW**: The agricultural society gave way to the industrial society (Industrial revolution) in the early eighteenth century because of the advancement in science and technology at that period. Peasants migrated to the cities to compete for the few available jobs in the various factories. However, they were underpaid for the value of their labour and were made to work under unfavourable conditions. The working classes were poor, went hungry for days and could barely get a roof over their head. In contrary, the owners of the factories built mansions and enjoy mast amount of wealth. The disparity between the workers and owners made Karl Marx conclude that social class depends on people’s relationship to the means of production. These include land, factory, capital and so on. Those that own and have access to these means of production controls a large mass of wealth while those without access to the means of production labour endlessly with little wealth to show for their labour. Karl Marx identified two classes in this capitalist economy; these are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. .jpg) [Image source](https://www.pinterest.com/pin/210472982558996771/) The bourgeoisie owns the means of production while the proletariats are the working classes that work for the owners of means of production. In other words, people’s relationship to the means of production determines their social class. In a capitalist economy, the bourgeoisie strives to make maximum profit and to out beat out any competitor. In the process, they exploit workers, who must exchange their labour for subsistence wages (Schaefer, 2013). Karl Marx also recognized another group; the lumpenproletariat, the farmers and self-employed professionals. The lumpenproletariat includes the beggars, criminals and vagrant. To Marx, these groups are not social classes because they do not share identity in relationship to the means of production. Therefore, they do not see themselves as exploited workers. <center>*__THINK ABOUT IT Do you agree with Karl Marx on the factor that determines one’s social class in the society? Did you find any flaws in his explanation? What are they?__*</center> **MAX WEBER’S VIEW**:CLASS(property), STATUS(prestige), and POWER Max Weber criticized Karl Marx's view on social stratification. He argued that property and access to the means of production are not the only factors determining social class in the society. He noted that social class has three components; Class (property), status (prestige), and power. The class/property refers to the economic dimension of stratification and it is the relation of people to the means of production and distribution of goods and services in the society. It also refers to the amount of money, wealth and other economic goods possessed by an individual in the society. Status/prestige refers to the relative amount of prestige, honour, privileges and deference that an individual or social group can easily command from the rest of the society. This is also the prestige dimension of stratification. Power refers to the ability of a person or social group to control others even without their consent. It is also known as the power dimension if stratification. An explanation to Weber’s argument is that there are three modes of ranking individuals and families or placing them in the stratification system. An individual can be placed in the stratification system based on his economic standing in the society,( i.e his economic position), the amount of power he exercises in the society or the amount of honour he commands in the society. In other words, the position of an individual in the stratification hierarchy is dependent on their standing on each of these three components (i.e class, status, power).  [Image source](https://content.stg-openclass.com/eps/sanvan/api/item/b24b022b-f37a-4b3e-80f7-1cbe688c8b4b/1/file/henslin_writing_space_prod_test03302015/OPS/text/chapter-07/ch7_sec_02.xhtml) People’s position in the stratification system reflects some combination of the three components. In other words, each factor influences the other two. Therefore, people are who are high on one dimension is likely to be high on other dimensions. For example, the rich who are high in class, are highly respected and accorded with honour (prestige) and they tend to exercise a large amount of power in the society. The likes of Bill Gates andJeff Bezos are good example. On the other hand, the poor, i.e low in class are less respected and they hardly command any amount of power. However, these three stratification dimensions do not always correlate with one another and may often be inconsistent. This means an individual standing in the economic dimension, prestige dimension and power dimension may be unequal. For example, a man may be very rich but command little or no prestige in the society. An Olympic gold medalist may not be rich but may command so much prestige. Sometimes, the dimension of stratification in which an individual is high can be used to improve or acquire better ranking in another dimension. For example, Arnold Schwarzenegger, an actor, who is high in prestige capitalized on it to become the governor of California. Likewise, an Olympic gold medalist may sell his gold for a large amount of money to boost his ranking in the economic dimension. <center>*__THINK ABOUT IT Do you agree with Max Weber’s explanation for social stratification? Between Karl Marx and Max Weber, whose explanation do you think best describe social stratification in our society?__*</center> **Social Class Division in our Contemporary Society** Our contemporary society has three classes; the upper class, the middle class and the lower class. The **upper class** makes up about 1 to 2% of the population in every country. The upper class controls majority of the wealth of a country. Because they are wealthy, they wield a lot of power. They do not only have power to control their own lives, their status gives them power over other people's lives. The upper class owns most of the business in a a country and the decision they make affects the job status of millions of people in the society. They own and control the media , they are virtually everywhere. People attain the upper class in two ways, either by inheritance or hardwork. For example Jeff Bezos attsined the upper class to hardwork while the likes of Christy Walton inherited theri wealth. The **middle class** are mostly income earners who are comfortable with the income they earn. The middle class are divided into two categories; the upper-middle class and lower-middle class. The upper middle class earn high income have large houses and own nice cars. They are managers of big companies or work in medical lines or own a fast growing business. While the lower-middle class hold job superviser by upper-middle class and also earn lesser income compared to upper-middle class. However, their jobs offer them prestige and income to own a decent house, car and mainstream lifestyle, but they may struggle to maintain it. The **lower class** refers to the working class. It includes those that works on jobs that requires lesser skill. They also include those that are underemployed or unemployed. The lower class earn low income and they usually work for the upper class and the government. They usually do not own houses or cars, but if they do, they are usually not as great as that of the middle class. They do not live the mainstream lifestyle and mostly work to feed thenselves and family. **IS SOCIAL STRATIFICATION JUSTIFIABLE?** According to the functionalist in sociology, social inequality and social stratification occur in every society because it is functional to the society. Two functionalists theorist in sociology, Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore argued on why stratification is inevitable. The society has several positions and for the society to function well, all these positions must be occupied. Some of these positions are more important than others. Therefore, it is important that the society ensures that the appropriate people with the necessary talent occupy these positions. How does the society do this? Rewards, including money and prestige, are attached to social positions of more importance. Now take a look at it from this angle, do you think people would spend so many years in medical school to become a doctor if they get the same pay with cleaners on the street? Of course, the answer is no. This means that the important positions have a greater reward attached to them to encourage more people to fill them. People accept high demanding positions because of the prestige, power and social status they have to offer. Of course, they could have settled for easier and low demanding positions, but the rewards attached to them cannot be compared to the high demanding positions. <center>*__THINK ABOUT IT Do you agree with Davis and Moore? Is there any flaw in their explanation? What are they?__*</center> The functionalists have their own share of criticism about their position on stratification. Melvin Tumin pointed out some of the major flaws in their explanation. His first argument was that how do we know that the positions that offer the higher rewards are more important? A heart surgeon, for example, saves lives and earns much more than a garbage collector, but this doesn’t mean that garbage collectors are less important to society. By helping to prevent contagious diseases, garbage collectors save more lives than heart surgeons do (Henslin, 2013). His second argument was that if society works just has David and Moore argued it to be, society would be a meritocracy; that is, positions would be awarded based on merit. However, is this what we have? His third argument noted that if stratification is functional, then it ought to be for the benefit of all, however, it is dysfunctional to so many people. <center>*__THINK ABOUT IT Who do you think is right; David and Moore or Tumin?__*</center> Some conflicts theorist in sociology like Karl Marx argued that social stratification is just a means by which the rich and the powerful exploit the weaker group in the society. The rich and the powerful find ways to ensure they maintain their high position usually to the detriment of people in the lower position. Therefore, they believe stratification facilitates exploitation. <center>*__THINK ABOUT IT With the above explanation from functionalist and conflict theorist, do you think social stratification is justifiable?__*</center> I hope you have learnt something new today. You can also check out my previous post and also anticipate my subsequent post on my blog. Have a great day. References Schaefer, R (2013). Stratification and Social Mobility in the United States. In R.Schaefer, Sociology a brief introduction. New York: McGraw Hill companies, inc Henslin, J.M(2011). Global Stratification. In J.M Henslin, Essentials of sociology. PearsonEducation, Inc. Giddens, A (2009). Stratification and social class. In A. Giddens, sociology. UK: Polity Press Cambridge. |
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"body": "Hello Steemians. Welcome to my blog.\n Today I will be discussing the social stratification existing in our society and the factors influencing the ranking system.\n\n\n\nIn every society, there are socially constructed inequalities which we are consciously or unconsciously aware. Sometimes we consciously or unconsciously perpetuate these social inequalities. A good example is when some set of people are made to sit at the high table or specially provided seats during an event, while other people are deprived of the same preferential treatment. This inequality occurs mostly because people in the society have differ possession of wealth, status and power. This is why we sometimes refer to some set of people as the upper class, middle class and lower class. When a system of social inequality is based on a hierarchy of groups, this is social stratification.\n\n\n[Image source](https://wecommunication.blogspot.com.ng/2014/12/social-stratification-meaning-types-and.html?m=1 )\n\n\nSocial stratification refers to the ranking and categorization of people in the society based on their socioeconomic affluence. Schaefer(2013), sees social stratification as a structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society. A better illustration is to see stratification like a geological layering of rock, whereby, people with more resources occupy the topmost layer (upper class and middle class), while those with fewer resources settle for lower layer(lower class). In other words, it is the existence of social groups whereby one group is ranked over another usually in terms of wealth, prestige or power that members of each group possess. It is important to emphasize that social stratification does not refer to individuals; rather, it refers to a way of ranking large groups of people into a hierarchy according to their relative privileges (Henslin, 2013)\n\n\n\nSocial stratification is a society-wide system; it is universal. It is an important subject (especially in sociology) because of its influence on human interaction. People’s life chances, experience and opportunities are influenced by how their social category is ranked in the society. For example, people with wealth and prestige are more likely to have more opportunities come their way than those with less aforementioned attributes. In addition, the rankings apply to social categories of people who share a common characteristic without necessarily interacting or identifying with one another (Giddens, 2009). What is the basis for stratifying people in the society and is social stratification justifiable? These questions will be answered, however, it is important we understand the system of social stratification that exists in our society.\n\n\n\n**SYSTEMS OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION**\n\nHistorically, four major systems of stratification have been identified. These are Slavery system, Caste system, Estate system and social class system.\n\n**Slavery system**\n\n.jpg)\n[Image source](https://www.aaihs.org/race-economics-and-the-persistence-of-slavery/\n)\n\n\nThis is an extreme form of inequality. In this system, people are owned as property like cars. The condition of slave ownership and the way slavery is practised varied from society to society. Sometimes slaves are totally deprived of all human rights, while in other society; they are treated more like servants. For example in ancient Greece, some slaves occupy the position of responsibility. Although they are excluded from the military and political position, however, they are accepted in some other occupation; in fact, some of them are literate and also work for the government. Nevertheless, not all slaves can be that lucky. In contrast, the United States practised an extreme form of slavery. They had it legalized and there are strict laws preventing slaves’ freedom. Slavery is temporary in some places, for instance, Roman’s slaves have the right to buy their freedom and Israel is known to free their slaves on the year of jubilee, which occurs every fifty years. \n\n\nSlaves are gotten through various ways, however, the major source of slaves is through war; when a larger kingdom conquers smaller kingdoms, and some of the vanquished are enslaved. In another situation, debtors are enslaved for their inability to pay their debt. Therefore, a freeborn can become slaves; this is common in ancient Rome. A person who commits some serious crimes is also enslaved.\n\n\nToday, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which is binding on all members of the United Nations, prohibits slavery in all its forms (Schaefer, 2013). However, modern-day slavery still exists. A recent revelation occurred in Libya where illegal immigrants are enslaved and tortured. Asides from this, children(especially females) are still enslaved and forced into prostitution in Africa, Asia and some other parts of the world\n\n\n**Caste system**\n\nThe caste system is a closed stratification system, and people can do nothing to change their social status. In this system, Caste membership is ascribed and it is lifelong (birth determines status). Therefore, an individual born into a low-status group will forever remain in the low-status group regardless of his/her accomplishment. In other words, this system is immobile and gives no room for mobility from one status to another. A society where this system is practised ensures that boundaries between the various castes remain firm. Endogamy (marriage within the same social group) is seriously encouraged and exogamy is strictly forbidden in such societies. In fact, there are rituals to be performed if a member of a superior caste touches a member of an inferior caste.\n\n\nA good example of this system occurs in India and it is associated with Hinduism. There are four major castes in India with a fifth called the untouchables. The four major caste consists of the Brahmins (scholars and spiritual leaders) at the top, Ksyarriyas (soldiers and rulers ) follows, then followed by the Vaisyas (farmers and merchants) and the Shudras (labourers and artisans). Below the four castes are those known as the 'untouchables' or Dalits. \n\n[Image source](http://www.selectintroductions.com/colorful-india/)\n\nThe Dalits are made to do the worst jobs in the society such as removing human waste. Members of the higher caste regard contact with the Dalits as contaminating, hence, they perform rituals to cleanse themselves when such contact occurs. Although India government abolished the caste system as far back as 1949, however, this practice persists. Nevertheless, urbanization, globalization and the modern-day capitalist economy is gradually putting a drastic end to the caste system in the country. The anonymity of city life tends to blur caste boundaries, allowing the Dalit to pass unrecognized in temples, schools, and places of employment (Schaefer, 2013). In addition, globalization and technology have provided arrays opportunities to those who can capitalize on them. \n\nAnother good example is the apartheid system that was formerly operated in South Africa before it was abolished. The black Africans and whites rigidly separated. The whites control all the country’s wealth and resources.\n\n\n**Estate system**\n\nThis system was prominent during the middle ages in the feudal societies. In this system, there are three groups. The first group is made up of wealthy families known as the nobles (nobility). They own lands which are considered as the major source of wealth at that time. They do not engage in farming, because they consider it as demeaning, rather they administer/lease land to those who will work on them. In return, they get a percentage of the farm products; usually a larger percentage.\n\n\nThe second groups are the clergy who at that time has some power. They own and administer land. The last groups consisted of the commoners known as the serfs. They do not own land which is the major source of wealth, hence, they work on land and mostly, they are regarded to belong to the land. The serfs do the farming and cannot be separated from the land because that is their major source of livelihood. If someone bought or inherited land, the serfs came with it. Serfs were born into the third estate, and they died within it, too (Henslin,2013). Although in rare occasions, individuals make it out of the third group, either through vocation into the priesthood or knighted due to bravery at war. In other words, unlike caste, a certain degree of mobility and marriage is allowed in estate system.\n\n\n**Social class system**\n\nAs the society evolves from the feudal system, people whose sources of wealth does not depend on land or agriculture emerges. This ushered in the social class system. A social class system is based on wealth and material possession. We can define a class as a large-scale grouping of people who share common economic resources, which strongly influence the type of lifestyle they are able to lead (Giddens, 2009).\n\n\nA class system is a social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influence social mobility (Schaefer, 2013). This system is an open system and unlike in slavery, caste and feudal system, individuals can change their social class by what they can achieve or fail to achieve. In other words, an individual in a lower social class status can achieve higher social class status. Therefore, the social class system gives room for social mobility; movement from one stratum to another. This system also allows intermarriage regardless of the social class the couple belongs.\n\n\nPeople go to school and also work hard in their various occupation and professions because of the potential the class system provides to either improve their lives; move up the ladder or fail to improve their lives then move down the ladder. The social class system is the prominent system in operation in our modern society.\n\n\n**WHAT DETERMINES SOCIAL CLASS AND STRATIFICATION IN THE SOCIETY \n(THE BASIS FOR STRATIFYING PEOPLE)**\n\n\n**KARL MARX’S VIEW**: The agricultural society gave way to the industrial society (Industrial revolution) in the early eighteenth century because of the advancement in science and technology at that period. Peasants migrated to the cities to compete for the few available jobs in the various factories. However, they were underpaid for the value of their labour and were made to work under unfavourable conditions. The working classes were poor, went hungry for days and could barely get a roof over their head. In contrary, the owners of the factories built mansions and enjoy mast amount of wealth.\n\n\nThe disparity between the workers and owners made Karl Marx conclude that social class depends on people’s relationship to the means of production. These include land, factory, capital and so on. Those that own and have access to these means of production controls a large mass of wealth while those without access to the means of production labour endlessly with little wealth to show for their labour. Karl Marx identified two classes in this capitalist economy; these are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. \n.jpg)\n[Image source](https://www.pinterest.com/pin/210472982558996771/)\n\nThe bourgeoisie owns the means of production while the proletariats are the working classes that work for the owners of means of production. In other words, people’s relationship to the means of production determines their social class. In a capitalist economy, the bourgeoisie strives to make maximum profit and to out beat out any competitor. In the process, they exploit workers, who must exchange their labour for subsistence wages (Schaefer, 2013). Karl Marx also recognized another group; the lumpenproletariat, the farmers and self-employed professionals. The lumpenproletariat includes the beggars, criminals and vagrant. To Marx, these groups are not social classes because they do not share identity in relationship to the means of production. Therefore, they do not see themselves as exploited workers.\n\n<center>*__THINK ABOUT IT\nDo you agree with Karl Marx on the factor that determines one’s social class in the society? Did you find any flaws in his explanation? What are they?__*</center>\n\n\n**MAX WEBER’S VIEW**:CLASS(property), STATUS(prestige), and POWER\n\nMax Weber criticized Karl Marx's view on social stratification. He argued that property and access to the means of production are not the only factors determining social class in the society. He noted that social class has three components; Class (property), status (prestige), and power. \n\nThe class/property refers to the economic dimension of stratification and it is the relation of people to the means of production and distribution of goods and services in the society. It also refers to the amount of money, wealth and other economic goods possessed by an individual in the society. Status/prestige refers to the relative amount of prestige, honour, privileges and deference that an individual or social group can easily command from the rest of the society. This is also the prestige dimension of stratification. Power refers to the ability of a person or social group to control others even without their consent. It is also known as the power dimension if stratification.\n\n\nAn explanation to Weber’s argument is that there are three modes of ranking individuals and families or placing them in the stratification system. An individual can be placed in the stratification system based on his economic standing in the society,( i.e his economic position), the amount of power he exercises in the society or the amount of honour he commands in the society. In other words, the position of an individual in the stratification hierarchy is dependent on their standing on each of these three components (i.e class, status, power). \n\n\n[Image source](https://content.stg-openclass.com/eps/sanvan/api/item/b24b022b-f37a-4b3e-80f7-1cbe688c8b4b/1/file/henslin_writing_space_prod_test03302015/OPS/text/chapter-07/ch7_sec_02.xhtml)\n\nPeople’s position in the stratification system reflects some combination of the three components. In other words, each factor influences the other two. Therefore, people are who are high on one dimension is likely to be high on other dimensions. For example, the rich who are high in class, are highly respected and accorded with honour (prestige) and they tend to exercise a large amount of power in the society. The likes of Bill Gates andJeff Bezos are good example. On the other hand, the poor, i.e low in class are less respected and they hardly command any amount of power. \n\n\nHowever, these three stratification dimensions do not always correlate with one another and may often be inconsistent. This means an individual standing in the economic dimension, prestige dimension and power dimension may be unequal. For example, a man may be very rich but command little or no prestige in the society. An Olympic gold medalist may not be rich but may command so much prestige. Sometimes, the dimension of stratification in which an individual is high can be used to improve or acquire better ranking in another dimension. For example, Arnold Schwarzenegger, an actor, who is high in prestige capitalized on it to become the governor of California. Likewise, an Olympic gold medalist may sell his gold for a large amount of money to boost his ranking in the economic dimension.\n\n<center>*__THINK ABOUT IT\nDo you agree with Max Weber’s explanation for social stratification? Between Karl Marx and Max Weber, whose explanation do you think best describe social stratification in our society?__*</center>\n\n**Social Class Division in our Contemporary Society**\n\nOur contemporary society has three classes; the upper class, the middle class and the lower class. The **upper class** makes up about 1 to 2% of the population in every country. The upper class controls majority of the wealth of a country. Because they are wealthy, they wield a lot of power. They do not only have power to control their own lives, their status gives them power over other people's lives. The upper class owns most of the business in a a country and the decision they make affects the job status of millions of people in the society. They own and control the media , they are virtually everywhere.\n\nPeople attain the upper class in two ways, either by inheritance or hardwork. For example Jeff Bezos attsined the upper class to hardwork while the likes of Christy Walton inherited theri wealth.\n\nThe **middle class** are mostly income earners who are comfortable with the income they earn. The middle class are divided into two categories; the upper-middle class and lower-middle class. The upper middle class earn high income have large houses and own nice cars. They are managers of big companies or work in medical lines or own a fast growing business. While the lower-middle class hold job superviser by upper-middle class and also earn lesser income compared to upper-middle class. However, their jobs offer them prestige and income to own a decent house, car and mainstream lifestyle, but they may struggle to maintain it.\n\nThe **lower class** refers to the working class. It includes those that works on jobs that requires lesser skill. They also include those that are underemployed or unemployed. The lower class earn low income and they usually work for the upper class and the government. They usually do not own houses or cars, but if they do, they are usually not as great as that of the middle class. They do not live the mainstream lifestyle and mostly work to feed thenselves and family.\n\n**IS SOCIAL STRATIFICATION JUSTIFIABLE?**\n\n\nAccording to the functionalist in sociology, social inequality and social stratification occur in every society because it is functional to the society. \n\nTwo functionalists theorist in sociology, Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore argued on why stratification is inevitable. The society has several positions and for the society to function well, all these positions must be occupied. Some of these positions are more important than others. Therefore, it is important that the society ensures that the appropriate people with the necessary talent occupy these positions. How does the society do this? Rewards, including money and prestige, are attached to social positions of more importance. Now take a look at it from this angle, do you think people would spend so many years in medical school to become a doctor if they get the same pay with cleaners on the street? Of course, the answer is no. This means that the important positions have a greater reward attached to them to encourage more people to fill them.\n\nPeople accept high demanding positions because of the prestige, power and social status they have to offer. Of course, they could have settled for easier and low demanding positions, but the rewards attached to them cannot be compared to the high demanding positions.\n\n<center>*__THINK ABOUT IT\nDo you agree with Davis and Moore? Is there any flaw in their explanation? What are they?__*</center>\n\nThe functionalists have their own share of criticism about their position on stratification. Melvin Tumin pointed out some of the major flaws in their explanation. His first argument was that how do we know that the positions that offer the higher rewards are more important? A heart surgeon, for example, saves lives and earns much more than a garbage collector, but this doesn’t mean that garbage collectors are less important to society. By helping to prevent contagious diseases, garbage collectors save more lives than heart surgeons do (Henslin, 2013).\n\nHis second argument was that if society works just has David and Moore argued it to be, society would be a meritocracy; that is, positions would be awarded based on merit. However, is this what we have? His third argument noted that if stratification is functional, then it ought to be for the benefit of all, however, it is dysfunctional to so many people.\n\n<center>*__THINK ABOUT IT\nWho do you think is right; David and Moore or Tumin?__*</center>\n\nSome conflicts theorist in sociology like Karl Marx argued that social stratification is just a means by which the rich and the powerful exploit the weaker group in the society. The rich and the powerful find ways to ensure they maintain their high position usually to the detriment of people in the lower position. Therefore, they believe stratification facilitates exploitation. \n\n<center>*__THINK ABOUT IT\nWith the above explanation from functionalist and conflict theorist, do you think social stratification is justifiable?__*</center>\n\nI hope you have learnt something new today. You can also check out my previous post and also anticipate my subsequent post on my blog. Have a great day.\n\nReferences\nSchaefer, R (2013). Stratification and Social Mobility in the United States. In R.Schaefer, Sociology a brief introduction. New York: McGraw Hill companies, inc\n\nHenslin, J.M(2011). Global Stratification. In J.M Henslin, Essentials of sociology. PearsonEducation, Inc.\n\nGiddens, A (2009). Stratification and social class. In A. Giddens, sociology. UK: Polity Press Cambridge.",
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2018/05/29 11:45:30
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | I totally agree with you. If a long post is not from a whale, I doubt people reqd them. However, some interesting long post are hard to resist. |
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}leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @nonz / no-one-really-reads-lengthy-post-s2018/05/29 11:43:51
leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @nonz / no-one-really-reads-lengthy-post-s
2018/05/29 11:43:51
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2018/05/29 11:42:33
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | This is compelling and interesting. I agree with your assertions. However, multichoice alone is not to blame, Nigeria movie industry have her own share of the blame. Nollywood produce many movies per year but with few cinemas and screens in the country screen them. This is a very big challenge, i don't know if they see it as one. One of the ways hollywood and bollywood make so much profit and success with their movies is because of the availability of cinemas all over their country and all over the world to screen them. Whereas in Nigeria, only few states can booast of cinemas, in fact , the few states with cinemas can hardly boast of up to 5(Lagos, and Abuja being an exception). Hollywood has market in America and all over the world especially asia countries where they amass so much profit. Although nollywood knows that their main market is nigeria, yet, they are not investing enough to make the market profitable. Imagine someone in Ekiti state, Osun state, and some other state will never get to see some of the latest Nollywood movies screened at the cinemas, why? No cinemas in those states. Imagine yhe additional amount those movies would have amassed in those states. Another sad part to this story is that the few available cinemas hardly screen Nigeria movies beyond one week and Nigerians hardly see Nigeria movies if it's not romance or comedy. This is why movies like wedding party and 10 days to sun city made so much money, whereas 93 days, a compelling movie about how the medical team in Lagos were able to curb the ebola infection in nigeria could barely make the amount spent on production. It's really sad, filmmakers would be running away from making such movies and mediocre comedies and romance movies will keep gracing our cinemas. Little wonder most of the recent movies in our cinemas are below par comedies and rom-comedy. In fact some of the nollywood movies we screen at our cinemas ought to be straight to dvd movies. So, I don't blame the filmakers that decided to sell their movies to multichoice, afterall, they will get a token which some of them may not be able to get if they stick to their dvd sales. More cinemas are needed for nollywood to blossom. |
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"author": "leksteph5",
"body": "This is compelling and interesting. I agree with your assertions. However, multichoice alone is not to blame, Nigeria movie industry have her own share of the blame. Nollywood produce many movies per year but with few cinemas and screens in the country screen them. This is a very big challenge, i don't know if they see it as one. \n\n\nOne of the ways hollywood and bollywood make so much profit and success with their movies is because of the availability of cinemas all over their country and all over the world to screen them. Whereas in Nigeria, only few states can booast of cinemas, in fact , the few states with cinemas can hardly boast of up to 5(Lagos, and Abuja being an exception). Hollywood has market in America and all over the world especially asia countries where they amass so much profit. Although nollywood knows that their main market is nigeria, yet, they are not investing enough to make the market profitable. Imagine someone in Ekiti state, Osun state, and some other state will never get to see some of the latest Nollywood movies screened at the cinemas, why? No cinemas in those states. Imagine yhe additional amount those movies would have amassed in those states.\n\nAnother sad part to this story is that the few available cinemas hardly screen Nigeria movies beyond one week and Nigerians hardly see Nigeria movies if it's not romance or comedy. This is why movies like wedding party and 10 days to sun city made so much money, whereas 93 days, a compelling movie about how the medical team in Lagos were able to curb the ebola infection in nigeria could barely make the amount spent on production. It's really sad, filmmakers would be running away from making such movies and mediocre comedies and romance movies will keep gracing our cinemas. Little wonder most of the recent movies in our cinemas are below par comedies and rom-comedy. In fact some of the nollywood movies we screen at our cinemas ought to be straight to dvd movies.\n\nSo, I don't blame the filmakers that decided to sell their movies to multichoice, afterall, they will get a token which some of them may not be able to get if they stick to their dvd sales.\n\nMore cinemas are needed for nollywood to blossom.",
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2018/05/29 11:09:54
| author | ambdavid |
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2018/05/29 11:06:33
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | Wow!! This is impressive. I'm shocked you could lose this amount of weight. It shows the great level of determination you have in you when you took up the challenge. It's great you realised quickly that being overweight may not be the best for you, but taking up the challenge to be in shape is really remarkable. Nice choice of topic ,"compete against yourself" is going to be my quote for today. |
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"body": "Wow!! This is impressive. I'm shocked you could lose this amount of weight. It shows the great level of determination you have in you when you took up the challenge. It's great you realised quickly that being overweight may not be the best for you, but taking up the challenge to be in shape is really remarkable. Nice choice of topic ,\"compete against yourself\" is going to be my quote for today.",
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2018/05/29 11:01:39
| author | emmakkayluv |
| body | Thanks friend, I am still much interested in Nigeria. I love to see one of those young and vibrant Nigerian in the position of power too, I hope those cabals does not hijack things from them... God bless Nigeria. |
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"body": "Thanks friend, I am still much interested in Nigeria. \n\nI love to see one of those young and vibrant Nigerian in the position of power too, I hope those cabals does not hijack things from them... \nGod bless Nigeria.",
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}leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @luengonzalez / compete-against-yourself2018/05/29 10:59:09
leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @luengonzalez / compete-against-yourself
2018/05/29 10:59:09
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2018/05/29 10:57:39
| author | leksteph5 |
| body | Don't lose hope my brother. I agree with your reasons. For your second reason, you and I can change that coming 2019, afterall we have the likes of Sowore, Fela Durotoye, Garba Adamu all showing interest to contest. All we we have to do is to vote wisely. |
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| permlink | re-emmakkayluv-the-three-reasons-why-i-don-t-believe-in-nigeria-democracy-20180529t105729392z |
| title | |
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}leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @emmakkayluv / the-three-reasons-why-i-don-t-believe-in-nigeria-democracy2018/05/29 10:54:51
leksteph5upvoted (100.00%) @emmakkayluv / the-three-reasons-why-i-don-t-believe-in-nigeria-democracy
2018/05/29 10:54:51
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2018/05/29 10:50:30
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