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      "body": "I was asked to submit commentary to Euromoney for this article on the G20 regulating crypto. Below is the full version of the comments I submitted:\n\n\nUPDATE: I realized after writing this post that lawyer Gordon Einstein (left) had previously referred to crypto as a ‘New Kind Of Thing’ in his Liberating Crypto Assets presentation — so credit goes to him for that specific wording :)\n\nThe world of crypto is currently a regulatory mess.\n\nIn the United States, the SEC says that tokens are (maybe) a security. FinCEN on March 6th said it’s money (and thus issuers of ICO’s are a money transmitter subject to the Bank Secrecy Act and must be licensed: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/fincen-deals-major-regulatory-blow-icos-and-exchanges/). On March 7 — the very next day — the CFTC said crypto is a commodity and a judge confirmed that https://www.coindesk.com/us-judge-rules-cryptocurrencies-are-commodities-in-cftc-case.\n\n\nSo United States regulators and courts cannot agree on what cryptocurrency is and which agency has jurisdiction.\n\nAt Guardian Circle, we are in the middle of the GUARDIUM token sale for global emergency response. We’re working very hard to create a tokenized ecosystem and service that greatly benefits the entire world. And we are left with no clear idea of what we can do or not. We are forced to kind of guess and mitigate risk.\n\nIf all tokens are securities, then we must register them — and money raised in this fashion is not subject to taxes, and we are NOT required to have a money transmitter license.\nOn the other hand, if they are utility tokens — assets — then money we collect from token sales is simply taxable revenue, but does not require securities registration or a money transmitter license.\nOr tokens are indeed money, and thus not required to be registered as a security and also not taxable, but we DO require a money transmitter license.\nWe have no idea which of these scenarios are true. They cannot ALL be true. Yet we are under threat of all of them being true.\n\nSince crypto defies classification under existing laws and agencies, it seems obvious to me that it is indeed a new ‘species of thing’ — a new asset class — requiring new laws, regulations and a new agency. So I applaud what the G20 is trying to do, and think they are on the right track classifying crypto as an asset.\n\nSince crypto is not limited to one country, but is worldwide, like the Internet itself, it would seem to make sense that this be done by a world regulatory body.\n\nRight now, the climate in the United States is so chaotic that is simply best to domicile your token sale elsewhere and prohibit US participation. This is really bad for US citizens, who are now effectively barred from participating in token sales.\n\nThink about that: the most important technology revolution since the internet is underway, and the place it is least accessible to on the entire planet is the United States.\n\nIf this continues, the US will be dead last in the next generation of wealth creation and the next wave of great tech companies. It’s like if the US barred angel investing in Internet and mobile companies back in 1998. Google, Facebook, Amazon and Uber would have happened everywhere else but here. That is where the US is headed right now with blockchain.\n\nJack Dorsey, Marc Andreessen, Reid Hoffman and other blue-chip innovators are on record as saying crypto is extremely important — the next big tech wave, possibly BIGGER than the Internet itself. The Internet ate media, telecom and retail. Crypto will eat world money, banking and law. That is a MUCH bigger meal.\n\nMost crypto is probably not a security. Think of it this way: In World of Warcraft, imagine if I purchased a magic sword for $10. I bought it, knowing that there are only 100 such magic swords, and more players are coming online every day. In a year, I sell the sword for $250 on eBay. Now — is that a security? Of course not: it’s a magic sword. It’s a digital good. Yes, I speculated on it. Yes, I realized a profit. But at no time did I actually own stock in World of Warcraft, Inc.\n\nThere is no difference between a cryptographic token and that magic sword. Abstractly speaking, they are exactly the same. They are an in-world digital good: an asset. So again, the G20 idea of crypto-as-asset seems completely correct to me. It passes the sniff test, lines up nicely with other precedents.\n\nFarmville had Farmbucks. Second Life had Linden Dollars. We’ve already seen digital tokens as assets on a mass level already — this is not really new. None of those tokens were classified as securities by the SEC, nor were they required to have FinCEN compliant money transmitter licenses.\n\nWhat’s different now is that with blockchain crypto tokens, we have a way for anyone to mass-produce in-world digital goods in a new, distributed and unforgeable fashion. Hence, the mass-explosion of such things and hence the new attention from regulatory agencies.\n\nSpeculation on tokens-as-assets should indeed be possible — and encouraged. We are pushing wealth creation out to the periphery where the customers live, in a non-securitized fashion. Early participants in an ecosystem can realize venture capital-style gains — simply by purchasing the ‘magic swords’ early on in the ‘game’ while they’re still cheap. We should be inclusive.\n\nImagine if Uber had started as a crypto company. The very first Uber drivers in San Francisco — the ones who performed the actual labor that made the company happen — having been paid in UberCoin, would have participated in a wild appreciation of those ‘in-world digital goods’. As things stand today, those drivers were not rewarded for their early labor. We were NOT inclusive. There was simply no structure to provide 1099 contractors with those kind of rewards. Now there is.\n\nIn Silicon Valley, the SAFE or convertible debt note has been used for 20+ years now to fund early-stage companies. And yet, the SEC has looked the other way when these notes were not immediately registered as Reg A or D. This was the right move, as this allowed for easy capital formation to occur. Without these notes, we would not have had Uber, Facebook, LinkedIN. We NEED this style of easy capital formation. Angel investors depend on it being ‘fast and loose’.\n\nAnd yet: the SAFT structure is under attack by the SEC right now. Why? What is materially different? Either SAFE notes from angel investors in the traditional venture world should require immediate registration as a security (and should be retroactively enforced for the past 20 years) — or SAFTs should be given the same lenient consideration SAFEs have enjoyed for decades. We should not have two completely different styles of enforcement.\n\nWe’d like to see world regulation where ICO’s are legal and encouraged. Where anyone can participate with any amount, not just accredited investors. And yes: one where frauds and bad actors are punished. We need to weed out those who are obviously scamming people.\n\nBut there are a LOT of blue-chip, high-end entrepreneurs in the crypto space. There is a LOT of really great stuff happening. It’s already obvious that blockchain is where the next giant wave of wealth and value creation will come from. We need to grease the wheels for these people, not make their entreprenurial efforts more difficult with a frighteningly uncertain regulatory environment. And we need that environment to be friendly, decidedly and unambiguously pro-crypto, so that innovation continues to occur in the United States and not migrate elsewhere for safety.",
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      "body": "Bitcoin works same way, one actor per block.  Bitcoin uses hash and pow for signature which can be forged by anyone willing to spend as much pow, DPOS uses private key signatures which cannot be forged without hacking an account.",
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      "body": "@@ -315,17 +315,17 @@\n y applie\n-d\n+s\n  in a 'o\n@@ -352,16 +352,86 @@\n scheme? \n+ One actor just forges, block is hashed, boom, done: nobody the wiser.\n  Hope my\n",
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      "author": "markjeffrey",
      "body": "My pleasure -- glad you enjoyed it!  The problem with precious metals is you have no idea whether the metals are actually there in the vault ... Germany asked for all their gold to re-patriated from the US in 2013 ... the US managed to repatriate 5% of it and then kind of went, Um, so, this is difficult to do and we're not going to be able to fulfill the rest of it ... Huh? Why not?  What's so 'difficult'?  So there's a great deal of suspicion that Germany's is no longer actually in New York where it's supposed to be.",
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      "author": "markjeffrey",
      "body": "![timewarden_small.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmf6TU6t4qUe9kVPBfTX3w6uqmZfHi2TvvtC7Mw7DEis74/timewarden_small.jpg)\n\nCHAPTER ONE: Twice Upon a Time\n\nTHE DAY Benjamin Bantam had waited for all his life was here at last.\n\nCrisp, light-blue skies filled with marbled clouds drifted in small whirls. A perfect sun-soaked wind keened off nearby Mirror Lake.\n\nPerfect. It was exactly as he recalled. \n\nAs Bantam sat on the park bench, he glanced over his shoulder at Fort MacLaren, the massive army base. Somewhere beyond the barbed wire lay the top secret Gaultier-Ross supercollider. The thought of it charging made his scalp tingle. \n\nIt would have been charging for weeks by now. Remember?\n\nHe laughed at the faded memory, inevitable for a man of his advanced age.\n\nSomewhere close but beneath the ground, a great circular chamber several miles in diameter was purring with enriched tachyon energy, building up to release a Volzstrang Wave in a single massive detonation.\n\n“Excuse me. Is your name Benjamin Bantam?”\n\nA young woman of twenty-four stared down at him. Her Facebook photos had prepared him for the resemblance—obvious even beneath her surgical mask—but he was shocked by uncanny similarity of her voice. \n\nFor a long moment, Bantam could not speak. His mind tumbled with split-second jabs and cross-cuts of another time and place. Emotions he had assumed long-forgotten suddenly rushed to the surface in an overwhelming flood of love and pain. Or aether and iron, as she would have said.\n\nStill, he didn’t dare falter. Not with so much at stake. He couldn’t afford to spook her into running away. Bantam stood and held out his hand. “Yes, I’m Benjamin. Thank you for coming.”\n\nThe girl recoiled from his outstretched hand. Her germaphobia was understandable; blackpox had destroyed one-third of the planet. \n\nBlackpox, commonly known as the Shadow, was an especially violent strain of smallpox that produced huge black fleshy boils. The disease soiled the blood of the infected, turning it into dark ink. The dead produced a viscous flow from their mouth, as if they’d vomited oil immediately before expiring.\n\nExtremely contagious and lethal, the Shadow had depopulated entire continents within weeks. Endless miles of ghost cities existed in China and India. In the United States, the Shadow had wreaked a trail of black blood from Washington to Oregon. In San Francisco, the death toll had reached nearly 90 percent. The Northeast was largely spared, but as of late, a fresh outbreak was blooming in New York City. Another eruption of death was imminent. \n\nBantam forced a tight smile and dropped his hand. “Sorry. I always forget. Hard to get used to it again.”\n\nShe seemed embarrassed. “That’s okay,” she said. “I’m Sabine Portis. But you already knew that.”\n\nBantam surveyed her face. Unlike her distant great-grandmother, Sabine was a goth girl. She’d dyed her hair a rare shade of midnight with a pencil-thin streak of blue. Several silver crosses hung from her too-white neck. A sunken, surly expression creased her face. \n\n“Please. Have a seat,” Bantam said. \n\nShe sat, and they stared at each other for a moment.\n\n“Well, I came. Like you asked.” She fidgeted, twirling her hair around her finger mindlessly.\n\nBantam knew she’d only come because Bantam had offered to foot her college tuition bill, not because she knew him. He’d messaged her on Facebook, saying it was imperative to talk.\n\nShe noticed him staring. Her eyes darted. “You don’t like the way I dress. Neither did my mom. Be the strange you wish to see in the world, is what I always say.”\n\n“Ghandi?”\n\n“The Joker,” she replied. \n\nNormally, she would never come to a weird meeting like this. But the pox had taken her parents, leaving her destitute. Her boyfriend’s parents were pox-slain as well, and his meager savings were about to run dry. \n\nSensing her unease, Bantam handed her a check. “You needn’t worry. I’m keeping my promise. Not only will your college loans be paid, but you will be taken care of financially for the rest of your life. One condition: you listen to my story.”\n\nSabine gasped when she read the amount on the check. “Is this real?”\n\nBantam chuckled. “I’ve done well in the stock market, Miss Portis. I bet on Apple when they nearly went out of business in the nineties. I was one of the first angel investors in several well-known internet companies. I was in on the Ethereum ICO and I’m a limited partner in several of Silicon Valley’s most respected venture firms. Of course, that was before the blackpox came and blew the market to hell. But the check you hold in your hand is good. It’s all yours.”\n\nSabine was shaking. “All I have to do is listen to you? Why?” \n\nBantam grinned. “Because I assure you, you won’t think I’m telling the truth. Not at first. You’ll think you’ve wasted your time but you’ll stay because of that check in your hand. By the end it will make sense, and you’ll realize everything I’ve told you is true.”\nShe glanced up nervously. “I’m listening.”\n\n“Let me get the recorder first.” Bantam pulled out his iPhone. “I’m going to tell this story only once. Want to make sure I get it all down.”\n\nSabine grinned. “I didn’t know someone your age even knew how to use an iPhone.”\n\nBantam looked her straight in the eyes and said, “I grew up with this. Do you know what it was like, waiting all this time for iPhones to be invented again? Going back to paper maps? No GPS, no nothing? It was insanity! I had to use rotary dial phones again. No call-waiting. I’d forgotten what a busy signal sounded like.”\n\nSabine blinked.\n\n“See? There we go. This is what you’re getting paid for,” Bantam said. “To sit there and think I’m babbling. At least at first. What would you say if I told you that you and I were the same age?”\n\n“Umm . . . ”\n\n“We were born in the same year, anyway. I’m twenty-four. In real time. I’ve never been past the day that is today. I’ve been waiting for it all my life. This whole time, I’ve known exactly what was going to happen in the world every single day. I’d wake up and say, Today’s the day Kennedy is shot. Or Today’s the day of the Challenger explosion. Or Today’s the day of the dotcom meltdown. \n\n“But I have absolutely no idea what will happen tomorrow. For the first time ever! I’m terrified—and I love it—and I’m terrified. I’m not used to surprises these days. Tomorrow is an absolute mystery, but at least I’ll move forward in time for the first time in—”\n\n“You said you knew my grandmother,” Sabine said impatiently.\n\nBantam’s entire demeanor shifted. Her words hit him deeply. \n\nBantam swallowed thickly. “Your great-grandmother. Rachelle Archenstone. An extraordinary person. Wonderfully beautiful.”\n“I never knew her. She died before I was born.”\n\n“Yes,” Bantam whispered reverently. “I know.”\n\n“Explain,” Sabine snapped. “How did you supposedly know my great-grandma if you’re supposedly my age?”\n\n“Because there are two of me,” Bantam said. “Pretty soon there will only be one of me—the one here now.” Bantam jabbed his thumb at Fort MacLaren. “See that behind me? That’s why I asked you to meet me here. You need to see for yourself what happens when they make the Volzstrang wave. They didn’t know it would put on such a light show outside the collider.” \n He laughed, and continued, “My twenty-four-year-old self is in that building. One of the best soldiers the army has, I’ll have you know. Young Bantam is in there, deep underground, being strapped into the capsule this second. Very soon they will fire up the world’s largest supercollider and produce a Volzstrang wave. \n\n“The Volzstrang wave can propel a capsule containing a living person back through time, and it can be surfed with great precision. The young Ben Bantam will surf the wave back to 1944. Humanity will have achieved time travel for the first time.”\nSabine’s expression indicated she didn’t believe any of it. “So the army is sending people back through time.” She rolled her eyes. “Why?”\n\n“Blackpox,” Bantam said. “Everybody knows that but almost nobody knows the Shadow was created as a weapon during World War II, right here at Fort MacLaren. They planned to win the war by infecting all the Nazis. \n\n“But before that happened, the war ended. There was no need to use the weaponized, highly lethal smallpox anymore. It was stored on a shelf somewhere and forgotten until three years ago, when it somehow got loose and started killing half the planet.”\n\nSabine raised an eyebrow but didn’t say anything. \n\nHe continued, “The other part nobody knows? Back in 1944, there was a cure.”\n\n“Right,” Sabine said. “Why make a plague if you might catch it yourself.”\n\n“Exactly,” Bantam replied. \n\n“So they sent you back in time to get the cure?”\n\n“Yep.”\n\n“And you were the first person to go back in time?”\n\nBantam nodded. “One small step for maniacs.”\n\nSabine stewed on this. “How do you know you were the first?”\n\n“They told me, and they gawked at me like I was about to fry inside that capsule.”\n\nSabine laughed and made a buzzing sound, like a bug hitting an electric zapper. \n\n“Another guy posted on the Internet back in 2000. A soldier named John Titor. Said there was a time-travel branch of the military in his time, 2036. He had traveled back to the seventies to find a schematic for an old IBM computer part, claiming it was critical in the future. Anyway, he posted online that he was stopping off in 2000 on his way back to his own time. Sort of sightseeing. But I think he was full of crap.”\n\n“Really,” Sabine said, clearly amused by Bantam’s story. \n\n“His time-travel technology didn’t sound right. Two rotating singularities mounted in a car? Sound familiar? Why post all that stuff online with your real name? Especially if you’re a real time traveler? Someone might come along and kill your young self to see if that erases your Internet posts.”\n\n“Well, would it?”\n\nBantam winced. “I’m getting to that.”\n\n“So you’re my age, and you were born when I was born. What music did you listen to?”\n\nBantam snorted a laugh. “I listened to Planet Furious. But I’ll bet your speed is more Dandelion Smash. I’m guessing your favorite tunes are ‘Tantricity’, ‘Sea Mountain’, and ‘Catatonic Leopard Print.’ Am I close?”\n\nSabine whistled, impressed. “You nailed it.”\n\n“I figured you for the glowsticks-and-lollipops crowd.”\n\n“Not anymore,” Sabine said, scraping the black nail polish off her thumb nail. \n\n“That music sounds like a broken washing machine. But I’ve got Furious on my iPod. Or at least, it was. Back now. No iPods in 1944.” Bantam scrunched his face.\n\n“You were saying?” \n\nBantam’s eyes snapped back to the present. “The first time I was in today, on that base behind us, about to travel back through time ... ”",
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      "body": "![timewarden_small.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmf6TU6t4qUe9kVPBfTX3w6uqmZfHi2TvvtC7Mw7DEis74/timewarden_small.jpg)\n\nCHAPTER ONE: Twice Upon a Time\n\nTHE DAY Benjamin Bantam had waited for all his life was here at last.\n\nCrisp, light-blue skies filled with marbled clouds drifted in small whirls. A perfect sun-soaked wind keened off nearby Mirror Lake.\n\nPerfect. It was exactly as he recalled. \n\nAs Bantam sat on the park bench, he glanced over his shoulder at Fort MacLaren, the massive army base. Somewhere beyond the barbed wire lay the top secret Gaultier-Ross supercollider. The thought of it charging made his scalp tingle. \n\nIt would have been charging for weeks by now. Remember?\n\nHe laughed at the faded memory, inevitable for a man of his advanced age.\n\nSomewhere close but beneath the ground, a great circular chamber several miles in diameter was purring with enriched tachyon energy, building up to release a Volzstrang Wave in a single massive detonation.\n\n“Excuse me. Is your name Benjamin Bantam?”\n\nA young woman of twenty-four stared down at him. Her Facebook photos had prepared him for the resemblance—obvious even beneath her surgical mask—but he was shocked by uncanny similarity of her voice. \n\nFor a long moment, Bantam could not speak. His mind tumbled with split-second jabs and cross-cuts of another time and place. Emotions he had assumed long-forgotten suddenly rushed to the surface in an overwhelming flood of love and pain. Or aether and iron, as she would have said.\n\nStill, he didn’t dare falter. Not with so much at stake. He couldn’t afford to spook her into running away. Bantam stood and held out his hand. “Yes, I’m Benjamin. Thank you for coming.”\n\nThe girl recoiled from his outstretched hand. Her germaphobia was understandable; blackpox had destroyed one-third of the planet. \n\nBlackpox, commonly known as the Shadow, was an especially violent strain of smallpox that produced huge black fleshy boils. The disease soiled the blood of the infected, turning it into dark ink. The dead produced a viscous flow from their mouth, as if they’d vomited oil immediately before expiring.\n\nExtremely contagious and lethal, the Shadow had depopulated entire continents within weeks. Endless miles of ghost cities existed in China and India. In the United States, the Shadow had wreaked a trail of black blood from Washington to Oregon. In San Francisco, the death toll had reached nearly 90 percent. The Northeast was largely spared, but as of late, a fresh outbreak was blooming in New York City. Another eruption of death was imminent. \n\nBantam forced a tight smile and dropped his hand. “Sorry. I always forget. Hard to get used to it again.”\n\nShe seemed embarrassed. “That’s okay,” she said. “I’m Sabine Portis. But you already knew that.”\n\nBantam surveyed her face. Unlike her distant great-grandmother, Sabine was a goth girl. She’d dyed her hair a rare shade of midnight with a pencil-thin streak of blue. Several silver crosses hung from her too-white neck. A sunken, surly expression creased her face. \n\n“Please. Have a seat,” Bantam said. \n\nShe sat, and they stared at each other for a moment.\n\n“Well, I came. Like you asked.” She fidgeted, twirling her hair around her finger mindlessly.\n\nBantam knew she’d only come because Bantam had offered to foot her college tuition bill, not because she knew him. He’d messaged her on Facebook, saying it was imperative to talk.\n\nShe noticed him staring. Her eyes darted. “You don’t like the way I dress. Neither did my mom. Be the strange you wish to see in the world, is what I always say.”\n\n“Ghandi?”\n\n“The Joker,” she replied. \n\nNormally, she would never come to a weird meeting like this. But the pox had taken her parents, leaving her destitute. Her boyfriend’s parents were pox-slain as well, and his meager savings were about to run dry. \n\nSensing her unease, Bantam handed her a check. “You needn’t worry. I’m keeping my promise. Not only will your college loans be paid, but you will be taken care of financially for the rest of your life. One condition: you listen to my story.”\n\nSabine gasped when she read the amount on the check. “Is this real?”\n\nBantam chuckled. “I’ve done well in the stock market, Miss Portis. I bet on Apple when they nearly went out of business in the nineties. I was one of the first angel investors in several well-known internet companies. I was in on the Ethereum ICO and I’m a limited partner in several of Silicon Valley’s most respected venture firms. Of course, that was before the blackpox came and blew the market to hell. But the check you hold in your hand is good. It’s all yours.”\n\nSabine was shaking. “All I have to do is listen to you? Why?” \n\nBantam grinned. “Because I assure you, you won’t think I’m telling the truth. Not at first. You’ll think you’ve wasted your time but you’ll stay because of that check in your hand. By the end it will make sense, and you’ll realize everything I’ve told you is true.”\nShe glanced up nervously. “I’m listening.”\n\n“Let me get the recorder first.” Bantam pulled out his iPhone. “I’m going to tell this story only once. Want to make sure I get it all down.”\n\nSabine grinned. “I didn’t know someone your age even knew how to use an iPhone.”\n\nBantam looked her straight in the eyes and said, “I grew up with this. Do you know what it was like, waiting all this time for iPhones to be invented again? Going back to paper maps? No GPS, no nothing? It was insanity! I had to use rotary dial phones again. No call-waiting. I’d forgotten what a busy signal sounded like.”\n\nSabine blinked.\n\n“See? There we go. This is what you’re getting paid for,” Bantam said. “To sit there and think I’m babbling. At least at first. What would you say if I told you that you and I were the same age?”\n\n“Umm . . . ”\n\n“We were born in the same year, anyway. I’m twenty-four. In real time. I’ve never been past the day that is today. I’ve been waiting for it all my life. This whole time, I’ve known exactly what was going to happen in the world every single day. I’d wake up and say, Today’s the day Kennedy is shot. Or Today’s the day of the Challenger explosion. Or Today’s the day of the dotcom meltdown. \n\n“But I have absolutely no idea what will happen tomorrow. For the first time ever! I’m terrified—and I love it—and I’m terrified. I’m not used to surprises these days. Tomorrow is an absolute mystery, but at least I’ll move forward in time for the first time in—”\n\n“You said you knew my grandmother,” Sabine said impatiently.\n\nBantam’s entire demeanor shifted. Her words hit him deeply. \n\nBantam swallowed thickly. “Your great-grandmother. Rachelle Archenstone. An extraordinary person. Wonderfully beautiful.”\n“I never knew her. She died before I was born.”\n\n“Yes,” Bantam whispered reverently. “I know.”\n\n“Explain,” Sabine snapped. “How did you supposedly know my great-grandma if you’re supposedly my age?”\n\n“Because there are two of me,” Bantam said. “Pretty soon there will only be one of me—the one here now.” Bantam jabbed his thumb at Fort MacLaren. “See that behind me? That’s why I asked you to meet me here. You need to see for yourself what happens when they make the Volzstrang wave. They didn’t know it would put on such a light show outside the collider.” \n He laughed, and continued, “My twenty-four-year-old self is in that building. One of the best soldiers the army has, I’ll have you know. Young Bantam is in there, deep underground, being strapped into the capsule this second. Very soon they will fire up the world’s largest supercollider and produce a Volzstrang wave. \n\n“The Volzstrang wave can propel a capsule containing a living person back through time, and it can be surfed with great precision. The young Ben Bantam will surf the wave back to 1944. Humanity will have achieved time travel for the first time.”\nSabine’s expression indicated she didn’t believe any of it. “So the army is sending people back through time.” She rolled her eyes. “Why?”\n\n“Blackpox,” Bantam said. “Everybody knows that but almost nobody knows the Shadow was created as a weapon during World War II, right here at Fort MacLaren. They planned to win the war by infecting all the Nazis. \n\n“But before that happened, the war ended. There was no need to use the weaponized, highly lethal smallpox anymore. It was stored on a shelf somewhere and forgotten until three years ago, when it somehow got loose and started killing half the planet.”\n\nSabine raised an eyebrow but didn’t say anything. \n\nHe continued, “The other part nobody knows? Back in 1944, there was a cure.”\n\n“Right,” Sabine said. “Why make a plague if you might catch it yourself.”\n\n“Exactly,” Bantam replied. \n\n“So they sent you back in time to get the cure?”\n\n“Yep.”\n\n“And you were the first person to go back in time?”\n\nBantam nodded. “One small step for maniacs.”\n\nSabine stewed on this. “How do you know you were the first?”\n\n“They told me, and they gawked at me like I was about to fry inside that capsule.”\n\nSabine laughed and made a buzzing sound, like a bug hitting an electric zapper. \n\n“Another guy posted on the Internet back in 2000. A soldier named John Titor. Said there was a time-travel branch of the military in his time, 2036. He had traveled back to the seventies to find a schematic for an old IBM computer part, claiming it was critical in the future. Anyway, he posted online that he was stopping off in 2000 on his way back to his own time. Sort of sightseeing. But I think he was full of crap.”\n\n“Really,” Sabine said, clearly amused by Bantam’s story. \n\n“His time-travel technology didn’t sound right. Two rotating singularities mounted in a car? Sound familiar? Why post all that stuff online with your real name? Especially if you’re a real time traveler? Someone might come along and kill your young self to see if that erases your Internet posts.”\n\n“Well, would it?”\n\nBantam winced. “I’m getting to that.”\n\n“So you’re my age, and you were born when I was born. What music did you listen to?”\n\nBantam snorted a laugh. “I listened to Planet Furious. But I’ll bet your speed is more Dandelion Smash. I’m guessing your favorite tunes are ‘Tantricity’, ‘Sea Mountain’, and ‘Catatonic Leopard Print.’ Am I close?”\n\nSabine whistled, impressed. “You nailed it.”\n\n“I figured you for the glowsticks-and-lollipops crowd.”\n\n“Not anymore,” Sabine said, scraping the black nail polish off her thumb nail. \n\n“That music sounds like a broken washing machine. But I’ve got Furious on my iPod. Or at least, it was. Back now. No iPods in 1944.” Bantam scrunched his face.\n\n“You were saying?” \n\nBantam’s eyes snapped back to the present. “The first time I was in today, on that base behind us, about to travel back through time ... ”",
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      "body": "The problem I see with precious metals, is that ETF's and banks can easily move the price based on selling paper certificates for the PM.\nWhile gold and silver will have their day, so will bitcoin, and all of that, in my opinion, is still ahead of us.\nThanks for the post.",
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      "body": "Recently, the first investor in Snapchat (Jeremy Liew) said that a single Bitcoin would be worth $500K by 2030.  Three years ago, I calculated $472,780 as a very likely valuation.  Here's what I wrote in my book THE CASE FOR BITCOIN (2015) and exactly how I calculated my number: \n\n\"A SCENARIO FOR A MASSIVE SURGE IN BITCOIN VALUATION There are roughly 15 million bitcoins in the world. And that’s all there will be for the next few years, basically. So the ‘supply’ is effectively fixed and constant.\n\n![Screen Shot 2017-06-12 at 12.08.37 PM.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWkxEZiEGBJ7Am7h98336BVqJffgizoARpyxxjuVe9gH7/Screen%20Shot%202017-06-12%20at%2012.08.37%20PM.png)\n\nOf these bitcoins, roughly 5 million of them are not moving around at all in transactions (we know this because of Bitcoin’s public ledger). That means these coins are either lost or in cold storage (I.e. people are hanging on to them). And a lot of people have lost a lot of bitcoins, especially in the early days when no one really thought this was going to amount to anything. So let’s say half these coins are permanently lost.\n\nThat brings our ‘fixed supply’ down to 12.5 million — making Bitcoin even more rare right out of the gate.\n\nNow. Again, by looking at the public ledger and making certain reasonable assumptions, we know that the absolute upper limit of the number of people who own bitcoins is 5 million. Very probably the real number is somewhere between 1 and 3 million. So I’m going to be generous and say it’s 3 million.\n\nSo worldwide, 3 million people collectively own 12.5 million bitcoins.\n\n3 million people is a very, very small number. Remember, there are 7 billion people on the planet.\n\nThat means only .0428% of humanity owns bitcoins. That’s four one hundredths of a percent! Hold that thought in your head. Basically, what I’m pointing out is ... it’s still really, really early: this Bitcoin thing hasn’t actually kicked into high gear at all yet.\n\nSome people have pointed out that you can think of Bitcoin as a company, and owning bitcoins is like owning shares in the ‘company’, Bitcoin. This ‘company’ is already public: anyone can buy, sell and trade Bitcoin (again,coinbase.com will be happy to help you out with this should you be so inclined. This is where I buy, and I’ve been very satisfied with them).\n\nHere’s what Bitcoin the Company looks like (from a Facebook post by Bitcoin Foundation Chairman Brock Pierce):\n\nBITCOIN: (a “company”):\n\nAuthorized Shares: 21m\n\nOutstanding: 15m\n\nPrice: $385 (as of this writing)\n\nMarket Cap: $5.7B\n\nComps: WU ($10bn), PYPL ($4bn), Gold ($7tn)\n\nInvestment to date: $1bn (as of Nov, 2015, venture capitalists had invested\n\nAdding this new information our previous statement, we now have this:\n\nWorldwide, 3 million people collectively own 12.5 million bitcoins, worth, in aggregate, $5.7 billion dollars.\n\nNow, CNBC recently (Dec 2015) ran an interesting story, postulating that there was a rising consensus that Bitcoin would be the sixth largest reserve currency in the world by the year 2030. That would put it on par with the Swiss franc.\n\nAs of 2010, there were roughly 50 billion Swiss francs in circulation, with a value of 50 billion US Dollars. If Bitcoin surged to be on par with the Swiss franc as a reserve currency, this would means a 20x return on investment from where it is today.\n\nBut let’s speculate further, shall we?\n\nSOONER OR LATER, I’m going to guess that there will be a crisis of some sort that will likely cause Bitcoin’s valuation to suddenly spike. We’ve seen this actually happen several times already (albeit on a much smaller scale) with events\nin China and Greece (the threat of default or ‘Grexit’) in 2015, and previously, in 2012, in Cypress (when banks got grabby with people’s private accounts), where the price surged to $1,200 per coin.\n\nThe reason for these surges was that Bitcoin was perceived as ‘safe’ like gold.\n\nLike gold, Bitcoin is not tied to the fortunes of any particular country. On a long enough timeline, all Empires crumble to dust. Yet gold has always remained valuable. So it is with Bitcoin. It is a digital asset without borders or allegiance.\n\nNobody controls it.\n\nSecondarily, Bitcoin is extremely mobile. Transmission of Bitcoin is instant (well, ten minutes — so nearly instant), and free, and it can go anywhere on the planet. When you’re trying to move a lot of money out of a collapsing economy in\na hurry, there’s no easier, faster or cheaper way to do it than Bitcoin.\n\nSo let’s imagine a crisis. Suddenly, 100 million people are interested in owning the limited supply of 12.5 million bitcoins, which are currently owned by just 3 million people.\n\nWhat do you think will happen?\n\nRight — supply and demand will kick in. The supply is limited, it can’t suddenly increase. So the price will spike in a big, big way to motivate those 3 million to sell some portion of their Bitcoin holdings to the 100 million who are desperate to own it.\n\nIf we’re talking about a crisis in China, that 100 million figure may well even be very low.\n\nIf this scenario happens, it will be the Mother of all Valuation Spikes. I don’t think we will have witnessed anything like it ever before. \n\nLet’s say now that Bitcoin surges to gold-like proportions. Instead of a market cap of a mere 50 billion, all of Bitcoin would now have a market cap of 7 trillion (with a T) dollars (that’s how much all the gold on earth is worth).\n\nThat would be a 1,228x return on investment at today’s prices. A single bitcoin bought today for $385 would then be worth $472,780.\"",
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      "body": "@@ -107,18 +107,20 @@\n 2030.  T\n-wo\n+hree\n  years a\n@@ -178,26 +178,9 @@\n n.  \n-Three years ago, h\n+H\n ere'\n",
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      "body": "Recently, the first investor in Snapchat (Jeremy Liew) said that a single Bitcoin would be worth $500K by 2030.  Two years ago, I calculated $472,780 as a very likely valuation.  Three years ago, here's what I wrote in my book THE CASE FOR BITCOIN (2015) and exactly how I calculated my number: \n\n\"A SCENARIO FOR A MASSIVE SURGE IN BITCOIN VALUATION There are roughly 15 million bitcoins in the world. And that’s all there will be for the next few years, basically. So the ‘supply’ is effectively fixed and constant.\n\n![Screen Shot 2017-06-12 at 12.08.37 PM.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWkxEZiEGBJ7Am7h98336BVqJffgizoARpyxxjuVe9gH7/Screen%20Shot%202017-06-12%20at%2012.08.37%20PM.png)\n\nOf these bitcoins, roughly 5 million of them are not moving around at all in transactions (we know this because of Bitcoin’s public ledger). That means these coins are either lost or in cold storage (I.e. people are hanging on to them). And a lot of people have lost a lot of bitcoins, especially in the early days when no one really thought this was going to amount to anything. So let’s say half these coins are permanently lost.\n\nThat brings our ‘fixed supply’ down to 12.5 million — making Bitcoin even more rare right out of the gate.\n\nNow. Again, by looking at the public ledger and making certain reasonable assumptions, we know that the absolute upper limit of the number of people who own bitcoins is 5 million. Very probably the real number is somewhere between 1 and 3 million. So I’m going to be generous and say it’s 3 million.\n\nSo worldwide, 3 million people collectively own 12.5 million bitcoins.\n\n3 million people is a very, very small number. Remember, there are 7 billion people on the planet.\n\nThat means only .0428% of humanity owns bitcoins. That’s four one hundredths of a percent! Hold that thought in your head. Basically, what I’m pointing out is ... it’s still really, really early: this Bitcoin thing hasn’t actually kicked into high gear at all yet.\n\nSome people have pointed out that you can think of Bitcoin as a company, and owning bitcoins is like owning shares in the ‘company’, Bitcoin. This ‘company’ is already public: anyone can buy, sell and trade Bitcoin (again,coinbase.com will be happy to help you out with this should you be so inclined. This is where I buy, and I’ve been very satisfied with them).\n\nHere’s what Bitcoin the Company looks like (from a Facebook post by Bitcoin Foundation Chairman Brock Pierce):\n\nBITCOIN: (a “company”):\n\nAuthorized Shares: 21m\n\nOutstanding: 15m\n\nPrice: $385 (as of this writing)\n\nMarket Cap: $5.7B\n\nComps: WU ($10bn), PYPL ($4bn), Gold ($7tn)\n\nInvestment to date: $1bn (as of Nov, 2015, venture capitalists had invested\n\nAdding this new information our previous statement, we now have this:\n\nWorldwide, 3 million people collectively own 12.5 million bitcoins, worth, in aggregate, $5.7 billion dollars.\n\nNow, CNBC recently (Dec 2015) ran an interesting story, postulating that there was a rising consensus that Bitcoin would be the sixth largest reserve currency in the world by the year 2030. That would put it on par with the Swiss franc.\n\nAs of 2010, there were roughly 50 billion Swiss francs in circulation, with a value of 50 billion US Dollars. If Bitcoin surged to be on par with the Swiss franc as a reserve currency, this would means a 20x return on investment from where it is today.\n\nBut let’s speculate further, shall we?\n\nSOONER OR LATER, I’m going to guess that there will be a crisis of some sort that will likely cause Bitcoin’s valuation to suddenly spike. We’ve seen this actually happen several times already (albeit on a much smaller scale) with events\nin China and Greece (the threat of default or ‘Grexit’) in 2015, and previously, in 2012, in Cypress (when banks got grabby with people’s private accounts), where the price surged to $1,200 per coin.\n\nThe reason for these surges was that Bitcoin was perceived as ‘safe’ like gold.\n\nLike gold, Bitcoin is not tied to the fortunes of any particular country. On a long enough timeline, all Empires crumble to dust. Yet gold has always remained valuable. So it is with Bitcoin. It is a digital asset without borders or allegiance.\n\nNobody controls it.\n\nSecondarily, Bitcoin is extremely mobile. Transmission of Bitcoin is instant (well, ten minutes — so nearly instant), and free, and it can go anywhere on the planet. When you’re trying to move a lot of money out of a collapsing economy in\na hurry, there’s no easier, faster or cheaper way to do it than Bitcoin.\n\nSo let’s imagine a crisis. Suddenly, 100 million people are interested in owning the limited supply of 12.5 million bitcoins, which are currently owned by just 3 million people.\n\nWhat do you think will happen?\n\nRight — supply and demand will kick in. The supply is limited, it can’t suddenly increase. So the price will spike in a big, big way to motivate those 3 million to sell some portion of their Bitcoin holdings to the 100 million who are desperate to own it.\n\nIf we’re talking about a crisis in China, that 100 million figure may well even be very low.\n\nIf this scenario happens, it will be the Mother of all Valuation Spikes. I don’t think we will have witnessed anything like it ever before. \n\nLet’s say now that Bitcoin surges to gold-like proportions. Instead of a market cap of a mere 50 billion, all of Bitcoin would now have a market cap of 7 trillion (with a T) dollars (that’s how much all the gold on earth is worth).\n\nThat would be a 1,228x return on investment at today’s prices. A single bitcoin bought today for $385 would then be worth $472,780.\"",
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