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      "body": "Congratulations @miloburne! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@miloburne/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@miloburne) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=miloburne)_</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:**\n<table><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/the-new-steemfest-badge-is-ready\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmRUkELn2Fd13pWFkmWU2wBMMx39EBX5V3cHBEZ2d7f3Ve/image.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/the-new-steemfest-badge-is-ready\">The new SteemFest⁴  badge is ready</a></td></tr></table>\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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      "body": "<h1>US Congress’s Honest Ads Bill</h1>\nThe US Congress has decided it need control over ads on Facebook, Twitter, Google, and other web organizations. Three US legislators presented the \"Honest Ads Act\" Oct. 19 that will essentially influence these organizations to follow similar guidelines for political promoting that the TV and radio stations in the America have followed for a considerable length of time, as per an official statement. \n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmUbq8KXjXFwvw22RbZZegb4LhbENwv1JaXh7QTtwTFUJE/image.png)\n     \nJohn McCain, Arizona’s Republican Candidate, has joined Democrats Amy Klobuchar from Minnesota and Virginia's Mark Warner in supporting the bill. McCain, a long-lasting Russia hawk, previously called Russia's supposed interference in the 2016 US presidential race some portion of a \"long-term campaign\" by Russian president Vladimir Putin to debilitate the US, destabilize Europe, and \"undermine confidence in Western values.\" \nMeredith McGehee, chief of policy at Issue One, a non-benefit organisation battling to decrease the impact of cash in US races, said the presentation of the bill could be a first push to more prominent control of the enormous tech platforms that now rule advanced media and publicising. Facebook said in September that clients connected to a Russian troll website burned through $100,000 to buy a great many political promotions on its site. They could have been seen by upwards of 25 million Facebook clients, CNBC gauges. Twitter, Pinterest, and Google likewise discovered Russian-connected political promotions or posts. \n\n https://steemitimages.com/DQmR5WbC7vKtjMsKf6xvKmbZtwwzFafaArcnFEowZWFi9R7/image.png\n^An Example Of A Political Advert^\nThe Honest Ads Act would require online networking and web organizations that have more than 50 million month to month clients to make all relevant information about a political presence open in the public domain, if they spend over $500 dollars on their respective websites. It would require these organizations to: \n\nMake open computerized duplicates of any promotion these organisations buy, including the dates and times distributed. \nInclude a description of the audience and political promotion targets, and the quantity of times it was seen. \nUnveil contact data for the advertisements' buyer, and the amount they paid for the promotion. \nMake \"reasonable efforts\" to guarantee that any political promotions or messages aren’t bought by a foreign individual, specifically or in a roundabout way. \n\nPolitical promoting on the web is totally unregulated in the US, regardless of strict tenets that go back decades requiring TV channels to uncover who is paying for political advertisements. When a chief from the Federal Election Commission proposed in 2014 that similar guidelines apply to political publicizing on the web, she was trolled on the web and off. With the bill, the representatives aren't endeavouring to take care of all issues identified with political advertisements on the web, only the greatest one, said McGehee. The bill is \"carefully crafted,\" she said. \n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWseb4WCLLrg2sbDGSvrTi3tuwHywcmnXLEpAKdHsDCxC/image.png)\n     \nThere's no certification that the bill will go through, in spite of worry in Washington about Russia's impact. Tech organizations, for example, Facebook have burned through countless dollars as of late to challenge Congress, Trump’s White House has been fervently against control of social media, and has called Russia's impedance in the race \"fake.\"",
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      "body": "  \n\n<h1>Google's DeepMind's Prodigy Go AI is Reaching New Heights</h1>\n\n​\n\nGoogle DeepMind says it has influenced another huge progress in artificial intelligence by getting a machine to ace the Chinese game of Go without any human players to offer assistance. The tech mammoth's AI division conceived the AlphaGo program, and had it beat two of the world's best players. It began by learning from many games played by people, however the new AlphaGo started with a clear Go board and no data other than the rules, and after that played itself. It is reported, that inside of 72 hours it was able to beat the first program by 100 games to zero. Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind said, the framework could now have more broad applications in scientific research. He told BBC,\" even though we are obviously a long way from full AI, we think this is now good enough to make some real progress on some real problems.\" \n\n​\n\n![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/img.steemconnect.com/miloburne/157f2fa0.png)\n\n​\n\nAlso, it is reported that the London-based artificial intelligence organization's product defeated leading South Korean Go player Lee Se-dol by four games to one last year. \n\n​\n\nWhere the game has more conceivable moves than are atoms in the universe, this was a major triumph for machine over man, coming sooner than individuals in the AI world anticipated. David Silver, who was the driving force behind the program, says the group adopted an altogether different strategy with AlphaGo Zero. He clarified, “the new version starts from a neural network that knows nothing at all about the game of Go.” \n\n​\n\n![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/img.steemconnect.com/miloburne/5e62f9c3.png)\n\n​\n\nGo was thought to go back to feudal China thousands of years ago. Go utilizes white and dark stones on a gird, similar to chess, only in that instead of battling for each-others king piece, the players grapple for ‘territory’ on the Go board. Go's principles are less difficult to comprehend compared to chess, yet the quantity of moves in chess is around 20, contrasted with Go, that has a decision pool of around 200 moves. It can be extremely hard to figure out who is winning in Go, and this has ended up being a more productive method for displaying the capabilities of modern AI. \n\n​\n\n![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/img.steemconnect.com/miloburne/52a94630.png)\n\n​\n\nThe AIphaGo Zero created methods that turned out to be so intriguing and powerful that a significant number of the group has proceeded onward to new ventures, attempting to take this technology to new heights. Demis Hassabis specified medication design and the discovery of new materials as regions of interest.\n\n  \n",
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      "body": "<h1>The Important Question Of Morality In Robots</h1>\n\nShould we allow robots to kill? It’s a difficult question to answer, seeing as one of the main and most promising applications of robots is military use, or essentially the killing of humans. Last year, Microsoft accidently uncovered the trouble of making moral robots. Chatbot Tay, intended to talk like a high school student, transformed into a Nazi-adoring supremacist in under 24 hours on Twitter. \"Repeat after me, Hitler did nothing wrong,\" she stated, communicating with different trolls. \"Bush did 9/11 and Hitler would have done a better job than the monkey we have got now.” Even though all of this dire talk was due to the things Tay had learnt from ‘her’ private messages, it is obviously a grim warning for all robots. \n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmaG1U1q59CQ1ueCKFGkk8FHfTYuZJA756peeQjRikjMne/image.png)\n\nThe year before this, Googles photo app had made another disturbing mistake, identifying black individuals as apes. Although this is just disturbing on its own, the implications it has for future AI is worrying, what if a ‘battle bot’ is unable to distinguish between, say, a drill and a gun? \n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmSCF7UeKAw4fpf8nTgEboWfZaFsS7WQ6oaGHecsSGcYfo/image.png)\n^Google's Mistake^\n\nThe issue here is not a question of identifying something and destroying it, but a question of morality, every human has it, and almost every human uses it. To successfully answer this question we have to teach AI’s ethics and morality, so that maybe one day, they can make educated decisions for every situation that an AI may ever come across, even the one in a million ones.\nComprehensively, there are two principle routes to deal with making a moral robot. The first is to decide on a particular moral law (maximise happiness, for instance), compose code for such a law, and make a robot that entirely follows the code. Be that as it may, the trouble here is settling on the fitting moral law. Each ethical law, even the apparently straight-forward one above, has a heap of special cases. For instance, should a robot maximise happiness by collecting the organs from one man to save five others?\n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmP7MiTzvKgk3sjQK7sSQwdC4KyYtEVrxhuSCQFjght8TN/image.png)\n\nThe second choice is to make a machine-learning robot and show it how to react to different circumstances to land at a moral result. This is just like how people learn morality, however it does bring up the issue of whether people are, actually, the best moral educators. In the event that people like the individuals who communicated with Tay instruct a machine-learning robot, at that point, perhaps the AI wouldn’t turn out to be so moral...\n\nOverall, as the question of an AI’s morality is not one with a straight answer, it will be up to computer scientists, philosophers, engineers and even the general public to come up with a route to teach a AI how to behave, and how to correctly deal with different situations.",
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      "author": "steemcleaners",
      "body": "Source: https://www.cnet.com/news/breathe-deep-how-the-iss-keeps-astronauts-alive/\n\nNot indicating that the content you copy/paste (including images) is not your original work could be seen as [plagiarism. ](http://www.plagiarism.org/plagiarism-101/what-is-plagiarism/)\n \nSome tips to share content and add value:\n- Using a few sentences from your source in “quotes.” Use HTML tags or Markdown. \n- Linking to your source\n- Include your own original thoughts and ideas on what you have shared.\n \nRepeated plagiarized posts are considered spam. Spam is discouraged by the community and may result in action from the [cheetah bot](https://steemit.com/steemitabuse/@cheetah/cheetah-bot-explained).\n \nThank You! ⚜\n\nIf you are the author, please reply and let us know!",
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      "body": "<h1>How do astronauts survive in space? The issue we never think about...</h1>\n\nOf the considerable number of issues with making space habitable for astronauts, the most essential is something you can't see - something you only once in a while even consider: breathing. A steady supply of crisp, breathable air is imperative. For the International Space Station, in orbit since 1998, this is particularly critical since delivery oxygen into space is a costly and cumbersome option.\n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmfZvVfAM47ZxVkGMtfaDWqxFUNjmFZvZVrzXjydGRrrt8/image.png)\n\nHere on Earth, the air we inhale contains a blend of 78.09 percent nitrogen, 20.95 percent oxygen, 0.93 percent argon, 0.039 percent carbon dioxide, and other tiny percentages of different gasses. Every breath we take into our lungs takes the oxygen from the air, appropriating it through the lungs' elastic material into vessels, where it's diffused into the circulation system. While this is happening, blood on its way back towards the lungs discharges its waste carbon dioxide, which we breathe out with every breath; exhalation contains, overall, 16 percent oxygen and 5 percent carbon dioxide. On Earth, this works since vegetation requires carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, discharging oxygen as its own waste. It's a perfectly harmonious relationship.\n\nThere are plants on the International Space Station, yet they're not for the generation of oxygen and the transformation of carbon dioxide. There essentially isn't sufficient room on the station for a practical air reusing plant, for one. The plants are on the space station so that specialists can make sense of how well plants develop in zero-G. For instance, the absence of gravity implies that water doesn't wick well into the dirt - thus, that root frameworks can choke. So depending on plants to deliver air in space on board the International Space Station is plainly not a feasible arrangement.\n\nFortunately, we have had an ideal technology for the improvement of air generation and reuse. It's not generally possible for submarines to surface to ventilate; meaning that innovations for the creation of breathable air have been around for a considerable length of time. The framework utilized by the ISS is fundamentally the same as the framework utilized on-board submarines. \n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmcYeHDRujvqJ3pFgdEMuD3YyZrVKMXLuk7EK127c6inMn/image.png)\n\nIt comprises of two parts: the Water Reclamation System and the Oxygen Generation System; the last can't work without the previous. The WRS reclaims water on board the ISS - the space explorers' pee, dampness build-up on the dividers and windows, and Extra-Vehicular Activity waste. This liquid is then cleansed to exceptionally strict benchmarks so that it can be reused on board the ISS. To be clear, this reused water can't make up the whole measure of water the ISS requires, yet it reduces the measure of water that should be dispatched from Earth. Some portion of this water is utilized for drinking and washing (which is accomplished with a dampened cloth, showers we take on Earth would be risky in a Zero-G condition, what with the water floating about everywhere in little droplets).\n\nWhatever remains of this water is utilized to make oxygen. The NASA Oxygen Generation System and the Russian Elektron framework aboard the ISS utilizes a procedure called electrolysis to part the water into its segment molecules of hydrogen and oxygen. This includes passing an electric current - provided by the ISS solar panels - through the water from a positively charged anode to a negatively charged cathode; this then isolates the particles and recombines them as hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. This is actually just like the procedure of photosynthesis, where plants separate water into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is then joined with the carbon dioxide to make sugars that bolster the plant and the oxygen, which as said prior, is expelled.\n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmfPiJH6vyX1rC6c8gCmRZb4AHzXZfaCZXLgcsSx2jWHeC/image.png)\n^The Russian Elektron electrolysis oxygen generator^\n\nIn the case of the ISS, the hydrogen created from the electrolysis procedure is fed back again into the space station's Sabatier System. A catalyst is utilised to join the waste hydrogen with the waste carbon dioxide breathed out by the space explorers at high temperatures to make water (H2O) and methane (CH4) - the procedure is described by the exothermic reaction CO2 + 4H2 → CH4 + 2H2O + energy. The water delivered is then bolstered once more into the water recovery framework, while the methane is vented into space. \n\nAll in all, this procedure delivers around 2 kilograms of oxygen per day. As indicated by NASA, the normal individual needs around 0.84 kilograms of oxygen for every day to survive and the International Space Station regularly has three space travelers on board at any given time. At the time of writing, Alexander Misurkin, Mark Vande Hei, and Joseph Acaba are on the ISS. This implies that oxygen needs on board the ISS - 2.52 kilograms for each day, as indicated by NASA's calculations - surpass supply from the oxygen generation sources.\n\n![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmYGUbqeYzsrrJnAEcZ4Fb6gVhY1cJWaJbPpf6p9n69mN5/image.png)\n^Vika Canisters Exploding^\n\nIt's thus that the ISS has two different techniques for receiving oxygen. It is given from Earth at whatever point the ISS gets a supply shuttle and directed into pressurized tanks mounted outside the airlocks; and by a backup solid-fuel oxygen generator called Vika, or SFOG, created by the Russian Federal Space Agency for the Mir space station. The Vika framework isn't perfect for a few reasons. The first is that they utilize canisters that should be sent from Earth. These canisters contain a blend of powdered sodium chlorate and powdered iron. This is ignited, which warms the iron to a temperature of 600 degrees Celsius (1112 degrees Fahrenheit), which creates enough energy to separate the sodium chlorate into sodium chloride and oxygen gas. \n\nThese temperatures can be unsafe however. In 1997, a Vika canister on-board Mir broke down and burst into flames, which melted the canister and propelled globules of flame onto the bulkhead. Also, 1 kilogram of material delivers just around 6.5 worker hours of oxygen. With an expected cost of tens of thousands of dollars per kilo of load sent to the ISS, this is no little issue. That is the reason Vika is a backup system, instead of the essential system for oxygen. The space explorers' everyday oxygen needs are sufficiently filled by electrolysis oxygen generation and supplies from Earth.",
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