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      "author": "steemitboard",
      "body": "Congratulations @multi-taktv! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@multi-taktv/birthday1.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 1 year!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@multi-taktv) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](http://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=multi-taktv)_</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:**\n<table><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-witness-update-2019-05\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/http://i.cubeupload.com/7CiQEO.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-witness-update-2019-05\">SteemitBoard - Witness Update</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemmeetupaachen/@steemitboard/steemitboard-to-support-the-german-speaking-community-meetups\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeoNp9iCaCfd2D6TqnWa3Aky2mU4Fm3xaSmjTM91YoNBS/image.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemmeetupaachen/@steemitboard/steemitboard-to-support-the-german-speaking-community-meetups\">SteemitBoard to support the german speaking community meetups</a></td></tr></table>\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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      "author": "steemcleaners",
      "body": "[Source](https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2018/07/14/box-office-marvel-ant-man-and-the-wasp-plunges-record-75-for-8-4m-friday/#766dee212f47)\n[Plagiarism](http://www.plagiarism.org/plagiarism-101/what-is-plagiarism/) is the copying & pasting of others work without giving credit to the original author or artist. Plagiarized posts are considered spam. \r\n\r\nSpam is discouraged by the community, and may result in action from the [cheetah bot](https://steemit.com/faq.html#What_is__cheetah).\r\n\r\n[More information and tips on sharing content.](https://steemcleaners.org/copy-paste-plagiarism/)\r\n\r\nIf you believe this comment is in error, please contact us in [#disputes on Discord](https://discord.gg/YR2Wy5A)",
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      "body": "[Source](https://medium.com/s/story/pms-is-real-678dc8fd2219)\n[Plagiarism](http://www.plagiarism.org/plagiarism-101/what-is-plagiarism/) is the copying & pasting of others work without giving credit to the original author or artist. Plagiarized posts are considered spam. \r\n\r\nSpam is discouraged by the community, and may result in action from the [cheetah bot](https://steemit.com/faq.html#What_is__cheetah).\r\n\r\n[More information and tips on sharing content.](https://steemcleaners.org/copy-paste-plagiarism/)\r\n\r\nIf you believe this comment is in error, please contact us in [#disputes on Discord](https://discord.gg/YR2Wy5A)",
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      "author": "multi-taktv",
      "body": "![unnamed.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQB9TMYDUGKNz3dPcV7zU83NHiREV89vyzgQK5NG5n4cH/unnamed.jpg)\n\n\nFor someone who has always been bad at math, I have a weird fixation on numbers.\n\nTake my mother’s death. Officially my mother died on March 20. A Monday. This is the date on her death certificate and the date on her gravestone. This is also what the staff at the nursing home north of Toronto, where my mother had lived for the past 26 months, told my father when they called him at seven that morning. My mother, they said, had died overnight.\n\nI wanted more details, though. “Overnight” felt too nebulous. When my sister, Alexis, and I arrived the next day to retrieve the last of my mother’s possessions, it was the first thing I inquired about. Who exactly had found her? I asked the nursing attendant manning the staff desk that oversaw my mother’s wing, hoping this would lead to the specifics I was searching for.\n\nThe nurse was an older blond woman, and she seemed puzzled by my question. “When a person is that ill,” she said, “we send someone in to see them every hour.” Behind her on the wall, in the frame reserved for pictures of recently deceased residents, was a picture of my mother. “In loving memory” read the gold-plated plaque nailed to the bottom of the frame. It was a terrible picture, taken recently. My mother’s face was thin and frail, the confusion that had eaten up her mind apparent in the angry, taut expression. It made her look like a stranger. My mother, always so careful with her appearance, would have been horrified by the photo. She wasn’t even wearing lipstick.\n\nI turned back to the nurse. I understood her confusion; there was exactly nothing mysterious about my mother’s death. She had been sick for a long time; the previous Wednesday, a specialist told us she probably had six months, “give or take.”\n\nStill, I tried again. I concentrated on sounding calm — I’d long ago learned this was the best way to deal with medical staff — as if I was just making casual conversation. But the truth was that since the previous morning, when my father and then, minutes later, my sister called to tell me the news, I’d been preoccupied with this small bit of information: I wanted to know the exact minute my mother had died. And barring that, I wanted a time stamp on the last instance they’d seen her alive. I obsessively time-stamped my journals as a child, carefully watching the second hand on my Mickey Mouse alarm clock and then furiously scribbling down the numbers before it ticked on, as if this detail would give more authenticity to my record. I wanted to be able to do the same for my accounting of the end of my mother’s life. It felt like a loose thread in an otherwise perfectly woven tapestry I was trying to reattach correctly.\n\nI hadn’t yet shed a single tear. I had a vague sense they were on the horizon, but the tsunami of emotions brought on by her loss wouldn’t reach me for a while yet. In the meantime, I set about constructing a narrative around my mother’s death that made sense, a path I could funnel everything down when grief arrived and tried to wreak havoc on me. So many of the decisions I’d made in my life had been the result of stories I’d read, or heard, or was trying to emulate — there was a safety there, I knew. I also knew there was an irrefutability to numbers that I could rely on to nail everything else down.\n\nThe number I was looking for that day was 19. The 19th was Maddy’s birthday. Maddy, my oldest friend in New York, the person who for nearly two decades stood in so many times as my unconditional support system, my emergency contact. That my mother would depart the world on the same date Maddy entered it seemed to me a perfect conclusion to the story I was creating for myself about her death. It made sense. I deeply wanted proof from the nursing home staff that it was possible “overnight” meant my mother could have died before midnight and simply hadn’t been found until the 20th. This was my first foray into the house of mirrors that I later came to recognize as the early days of grief, and I was confident I was being entirely rational.\n\nBut no one knew. As far as the world was concerned, my mother had died, alone in her room. Peacefully in her sleep, as they say. After a lengthy battle with Parkinson’s and 49 years of marriage to my father.\n\nMy sister and I wrote those lines, in fact, composing her obituary in the car on the way to the funeral home the next afternoon. I dictated sentences from the driver’s seat, and Alexis typed them into her phone and then read them back to me, making corrections and suggestions as she went. It all sounded so normal. Practically comforting. The sort of benign obituary one passes over and thinks: Long life, well-lived, no tragedy here.\n\nIn the four months since the 2016 election, I’d greeted nearly every reported death of a person over 70 with a sort of mental hat doffing, as if to say, “Good for you. This definitely feels like an excellent time to make an exit.” But now that the person exiting belonged to me, it didn’t feel that way at all. As it turned out, standing by death’s door, no matter how long you may spend there with a person, no matter how comfortable you think you are with its presence, is a great deal different than having that person walk through it.\n\nWhat she had been unable to provide for me as a lived example — fearlessness, adventure, ambition — she made sure I had in abundance in tales.\nEverything felt like a set of nearly but not quite symmetrical numbers to me that week. At 43, I was one year younger than my mother had been when her own mother died. I’d done the math as I was driving up to Alexis’ house after landing at the airport in Toronto. Even the roads that morning seemed slightly off, which was especially odd since I’d been born here. I grew up traveling these highways to swim meets, to visit relatives, to sneak out to downtown dance clubs. In the past few years, as my mother’s health failed and my visits home increased, I did this drive an average of every six weeks, and yet on this trip, I dimly stared ahead, wondering why it all seemed so strange. It wasn’t until I was halfway home that I realized I was on the wrong highway. I’d taken the wrong exit out of the airport but had no recollection of doing so. This would be the first of many wrong exits I would take off familiar routes over the next few days.\n\nMore numbers: My mother had been married to my father for 18 years by the time she attended her own mother’s funeral. She had two children, Alexis and me, nine and 11, respectively. She blazed through university, the first in her family to do so. It was my father who insisted we include in my mother’s obituary that she completed two master’s degrees on full academic scholarship and received straight As throughout her education. He had always been just as enamored with her brain as the rest of us.\n\nNot long after they married, however, she opted to become a stay-at-home mother. In pictures snapped on our front lawn from the year my grandmother died, my mother looks 43: thoroughly middle-aged, from her overlarge eyeglasses to her taupe wraparound skirt and orthotic shoes. It’s almost as though she had walked out of a museum exhibit about mid-1980s motherhood in the suburbs. She appeared sensible and respectable, someone you would expect to be carting her children around to various activities (in the hulking brown Oldsmobile, visible behind us in many snapshots), rising early to make our breakfast before swim practice and carefully pack lunches, complete with sliced carrots wedged into Tupperware containers holding just enough water to keep them fresh. Which is what she did. She never traveled. She never went anywhere on her own. I can’t remember a single day when she wasn’t waiting for us when we arrived home from school. Always modestly dressed, she never left the house without lipstick on.\n\nI appeared to be none of these things. I lived in New York by myself. I had no children. My main mode of transportation was a bicycle, which I wielded through the streets of the city like a weapon. I traveled as much as I could. I enjoyed being alone. I often walked to the corner store in my pajamas (though rarely without lipstick, it’s true).\n\nIn short, I had not become my mother. Which was not an accident. I loved my mother very much, but the truth — a truth I couldn’t escape even after her death, when the world called on me to create pleasing truths — was that she had never been an example for me. Never been a source of wisdom or guidance. I hadn’t come to her with problems I needed solving. I hadn’t sought her approval. Once, when I was small, four or five at most, a therapist she’d been seeing to deal with her then near-paralyzing agoraphobia — or perhaps it was her claustrophobia; she battled many anxiety-related phobias for most of her life — had told her, “You have a very powerful child there, Mrs. MacNicol.” I loved this anecdote growing up. Even at a young age, I was already marking the gap between my mother and the heroines I liked to read about in books. I was powerful like them! And now I had proof! Only years later did it occur to me that I had been, in part at least, the subject of that visit. That my relentlessness had always been a challenge for her.\n\nI had known early on that I did not want my mother’s life. If anything, I actively unwanted it. She must have known this, too, but if it hurt her, she never let on. I was certainly never made to feel bad about it. Instead of filling this gap between us with guilt or anger or fear, she gave me stories. Nearly every night of my childhood, we sat in the living room, where the dog was not allowed to enter, on the white couch my parents had purchased as newlyweds, in a room now reserved for holidays and company (even though we rarely had any of the latter), while she read to me. The Chronicles of Narnia, Little House on the Prairie, The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, The Black Stallion, Anne of Green Gables (I was always tasked with reading aloud the chapter where Matthew dies, my mother too choked up to get out the words).\n\nLike the blue atlas I continually pulled out of the bookcase to mark Laura Ingalls’ trek across the American Midwest — eventually rubbing off small towns completely with my repeated attention — my mother spent my childhood supplying me with these literary maps of the world. What she had been unable to provide for me as a lived example — fearlessness, adventure, ambition — she made sure I had in abundance in tales. An ever-expanding blueprint for life, doled out to me chapter by chapter, night after night, while she scratched my back with her long, elegant fingers and well-filed nails and read on in her calm, articulate voice.\n\nAs much as anything my mother did or didn’t do, the lessons learned from those books made me the person I became, often in ways that I’m sure made my mother wish she’d handed me something more practical instead, like a guide to economics, or even a cookbook. These stories directed my entire life. Until they didn’t.\n\nAs I moved into my forties, single, childless, and now motherless, I began to understand I was living in a land without stories. I had no idea what my life was supposed to look like from here on out, and no one to guide me. I was going to have to create it for myself",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://engineering.videoblocks.com/web-architecture-101-a3224e126947",
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      "body": "The basic architecture concepts I wish I knew when I was getting started as a web developer![1_K6M-x-6e39jMq_c-2xqZIQ.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmPWqRmMUSkUoZPYpTSQ2p63wTh3FCb3R59op8c1MZjWdz/1_K6M-x-6e39jMq_c-2xqZIQ.png)\n\nModern web application architecture overview\nThe above diagram is a fairly good representation of our architecture at Storyblocks. If you’re not an experienced web developer, you’ll likely find it complicated. The walk through below should make it more approachable before we dive into the details of each component.\n\nA user searches on Google for “Strong Beautiful Fog And Sunbeams In The Forest”. The first result happens to be from Storyblocks, our leading stock photo and vectors site. The user clicks the result which redirects their browser to the image details page. Underneath the hood the user’s browser sends a request to a DNS server to lookup how to contact Storyblocks, and then sends the request.\nThe request hits our load balancer, which randomly chooses one of the 10 or so web servers we have running the site at the time to process the request. The web server looks up some information about the image from our caching service and fetches the remaining data about it from the database. We notice that the color profile for the image has not been computed yet, so we send a “color profile” job to our job queue, which our job servers will process asynchronously, updating the database appropriately with the results.\nNext, we attempt to find similar photos by sending a request to our full text search service using the title of the photo as input. The user happens to be a logged into Storyblocks as a member so we look up his account information from our account service. Finally, we fire off a page view event to our data firehose to be recorded on our cloud storage system and eventually loaded into our data warehouse, which analysts use to help answer questions about the business.\nThe server now renders the view as HTML and sends it back to the user’s browser, passing first through the load balancer. The page contains Javascript and CSS assets that we load into our cloud storage system, which is connected to our CDN, so the user’s browser contacts the CDN to retrieve the content. Lastly, the browser visibly renders the page for the user to see.\nNext I’ll walk you through each component, providing a “101” introduction to each that should give you a good mental model for thinking through web architecture going forward. I’ll follow up with another series of articles providing specific implementation recommendations based on what I’ve learned in my time at Storyblocks.\n\n1. DNS\nDNS stands for “Domain Name Server” and it’s a backbone technology that makes the world wide web possible. At the most basic level DNS provides a key/value lookup from a domain name (e.g., google.com) to an IP address (e.g., 85.129.83.120), which is required in order for your computer to route a request to the appropriate server. Analogizing to phone numbers, the difference between a domain name and IP address is the difference between “call John Doe” and “call 201-867–5309.” Just like you needed a phone book to look up John’s number in the old days, you need DNS to look up the IP address for a domain. So you can think of DNS as the phone book for the internet.\n\nThere’s a lot more detail we could go into here but we’ll skip over it because it’s not critical for our 101-level intro.\n\n2. Load Balancer\nBefore diving into details on load balancing, we need to take a step back to discuss horizontal vs. vertical application scaling. What are they and what’s the difference? Very simply put in this StackOverflow post, horizontal scaling means that you scale by adding more machines into your pool of resources whereas “vertical” scaling means that you scale by adding more power (e.g., CPU, RAM) to an existing machine.\n\nIn web development, you (almost) always want to scale horizontally because, to keep it simple, stuff breaks. Servers crash randomly. Networks degrade. Entire data centers occasionally go offline. Having more than one server allows you to plan for outages so that your application continues running. In other words, your app is “fault tolerant.” Secondly, horizontal scaling allows you to minimally couple different parts of your application backend (web server, database, service X, etc.) by having each of them run on different servers. Lastly, you may reach a scale where it’s not possible to vertically scale any more. There is no computer in the world big enough to do all your app’s computations. Think Google’s search platform as a quintessential example though this applies to companies at much smaller scales. Storyblocks, for example, runs 150 to 400 AWS EC2 instances at any given point in time. It would be challenging to provide that entire compute power via vertical scaling.\n\nOk, back to load balancers. They’re the magic sauce that makes scaling horizontally possible. They route incoming requests to one of many application servers that are typically clones / mirror images of each other and send the response from the app server back to the client. Any one of them should process the request the same way so it’s just a matter of distributing the requests across the set of servers so none of them are overloaded.\n\nThat’s it. Conceptually load balancers are fairly straight forward. Under the hood there are certainly complications but no need to dive in for our 101 version.\n\n3. Web Application Servers\nAt a high level web application servers are relatively simple to describe. They execute the core business logic that handles a user’s request and sends back HTML to the user’s browser. To do their job, they typically communicate with a variety of backend infrastructure such as databases, caching layers, job queues, search services, other microservices, data/logging queues, and more. As mentioned above, you typically have at least two and often times many more, plugged into a load balancer in order to process user requests.\n\nYou should know that app server implementations require choosing a specific language (Node.js, Ruby, PHP, Scala, Java, C# .NET, etc.) and a web MVC framework for that language (Express for Node.js, Ruby on Rails, Play for Scala, Laravel for PHP, etc.). However, diving into the details of these languages and frameworks is beyond the scope of this article.\n\n4. Database Servers\nEvery modern web application leverages one or more databases to store information. Databases provide ways of defining your data structures, inserting new data, finding existing data, updating or deleting existing data, performing computations across the data, and more. In most cases the web app servers talk directly to one, as will the job servers. Additionally, each backend service may have it’s own database that’s isolated from the rest of the application.\n\nWhile I’m avoiding a deep dive on particular technologies for each architecture component, I’d be doing you a disservice not to mention the next level of detail for databases: SQL and NoSQL.\n\nSQL stands for “Structured Query Language” and was invented in the 1970s to provide a standard way of querying relational data sets that was accessible to a wide audience. SQL databases store data in tables that are linked together via common IDs, typically integers. Let’s walk through a simple example of storing historical address information for users. You might have two tables, users and user_addresses, linked together by the user’s id. See the image below for a simplistic version. The tables are linked because the user_id column in user_addresses is a “foreign key” to the id column in the users table.\n![1_Ln39QPggpJVMAScUBsrcCQ.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmSrAgnWoX5eNifwRZdDxCvmR82D7Ru9xrq4tFQqHjZJUZ/1_Ln39QPggpJVMAScUBsrcCQ.png)\n\nIf you don’t know much about SQL, I highly recommend walking through a tutorial like you can find on Khan Academy here. It’s ubiquitous in web development so you’ll at least want to know the basics in order to properly architect an application.\n\nNoSQL, which stands for “Non-SQL”, is a newer set of database technologies that has emerged to handle the massive amounts of data that can be produced by large scale web applications (most variants of SQL don’t scale horizontally very well and can only scale vertically to a certain point). If you don’t know anything about NoSQL, I recommend starting with some high level introductions like these:\n\nhttps://www.w3resource.com/mongodb/nosql.php\nhttp://www.kdnuggets.com/2016/07/seven-steps-understanding-nosql-databases.html\nhttps://resources.mongodb.com/getting-started-with-mongodb/back-to-basics-1-introduction-to-nosql\nI would also keep in mind that, by and large, the industry is aligning on SQL as an interface even for NoSQL databases so you really should learn SQL if you don’t know it. There’s almost no way to avoid it these days.\n\n5. Caching Service\nA caching service provides a simple key/value data store that makes it possible to save and lookup information in close to O(1) time. Applications typically leverage caching services to save the results of expensive computations so that it’s possible to retrieve the results from the cache instead of recomputing them the next time they’re needed. An application might cache results from a database query, calls to external services, HTML for a given URL, and many more. Here are some examples from real world applications:\n\nGoogle caches search results for common search queries like “dog” or “Taylor Swift” rather than re-computing them each time\nFacebook caches much of the data you see when you log in, such as post data, friends, etc. Read a detailed article on Facebook’s caching tech here.\nStoryblocks caches the HTML output from server-side React rendering, search results, typeahead results, and more.\nThe two most widespread caching server technologies are Redis and Memcache. I’ll go into more detail here in another post.\n\n6. Job Queue & Servers\nMost web applications need to do some work asynchronously behind the scenes that’s not directly associated with responding to a user’s request. For instance, Google needs to crawl and index the entire internet in order to return search results. It does not do this every time you search. Instead, it crawls the web asynchronously, updating the search indexes along the way.\n\nWhile there are different architectures that enable asynchronous work to be done, the most ubiquitous is what I’ll call the “job queue” architecture. It consists of two components: a queue of “jobs” that need to be run and one or more job servers (often called “workers”) that run the jobs in the queue.\n\nJob queues store a list of jobs that need to be run asynchronously. The simplest are first-in-first-out (FIFO) queues though most applications end up needing some sort of priority queuing system. Whenever the app needs a job to be run, either on some sort of regular schedule or as determined by user actions, it simply adds the appropriate job to the queue.\n\nStoryblocks, for instance, leverages a job queue to power a lot of the behind-the-scenes work required to support our marketplaces. We run jobs to encode videos and photos, process CSVs for metadata tagging, aggregate user statistics, send password reset emails, and more. We started with a simple FIFO queue though we upgraded to a priority queue to ensure that time-sensitive operations like sending password reset emails were completed ASAP.\n\nJob servers process jobs. They poll the job queue to determine if there’s work to do and if there is, they pop a job off the queue and execute it. The underlying languages and frameworks choices are as numerous as for web servers so I won’t dive into detail in this article.\n\n7. Full-text Search Service\nMany if not most web apps support some sort of search feature where a user provides a text input (often called a “query”) and the app returns the most “relevant” results. The technology powering this functionality is typically referred to as “full-text search”, which leverages an inverted index to quickly look up documents that contain the query keywords.![1_gun_BpdDH9KrNna1NnaocA.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmcPq81n1xBDv5SVWQMsdNK613qt6t5GUPHGYp1Gse6DEW/1_gun_BpdDH9KrNna1NnaocA.png)\n\n\nExample showing how three document titles are converted into an inverted index to facilitate fast lookup from a specific keyword to the documents with that keyword in the title. Note, common words such as “in”, “the”, “with”, etc. (called stop words), are typically not included in an inverted index.\nWhile it’s possible to do full-text search directly from some databases (e.g., MySQL supports full-text search), it’s typical to run a separate “search service” that computes and stores the inverted index and provides a query interface. The most popular full-text search platform today is Elasticsearch though there are other options such as Sphinx or Apache Solr.\n\n8. Services\nOnce an app reaches a certain scale, there will likely be certain “services” that are carved out to run as separate applications. They’re not exposed to the external world but the app and other services interact with them. Storyblocks, for example, has several operational and planned services:\n\nAccount service stores user data across all our sites, which allows us to easily offer cross-sell opportunities and create a more unified user experience\nContent service stores metadata for all of our video, audio, and image content. It also provides interfaces for downloading the content and viewing download history.\nPayment service provides an interface for billing customer credit cards.\nHTML → PDF service provides a simple interface that accepts HTML and returns a corresponding PDF document.\n9. Data\nToday, companies live and die based on how well they harness data. Almost every app these days, once it reaches a certain scale, leverages a data pipeline to ensure that data can be collected, stored, and analyzed. A typical pipeline has three main stages:\n\nThe app sends data, typically events about user interactions, to the data “firehose” which provides a streaming interface to ingest and process the data. Often times the raw data is transformed or augmented and passed to another firehose. AWS Kinesis and Kafka are the two most common technologies for this purpose.\nThe raw data as well as the final transformed/augmented data are saved to cloud storage. AWS Kinesis provides a setting called “firehose” that makes saving the raw data to it’s cloud storage (S3) extremely easy to configure.\nThe transformed/augmented data is often loaded into a data warehouse for analysis. We use AWS Redshift, as does a large and growing portion of the startup world, though larger companies will often use Oracle or other proprietary warehouse technologies. If the data sets are large enough, a Hadoop-like NoSQL MapReduce technology may be required for analysis.\nAnother step that’s not pictured in the architecture diagram: loading data from the app and services’ operational databases into the data warehouse. For example at Storyblocks we load our VideoBlocks, AudioBlocks, Storyblocks, account service, and contributor portal databases into Redshift every night. This provides our analysts a holistic dataset by co-locating the core business data alongside our user interaction event data.\n\n10. Cloud storage\n“Cloud storage is a simple and scalable way to store, access, and share data over the Internet” according to AWS. You can use it to store and access more or less anything you’d store on a local file system with the benefits of being able to interact with it via a RESTful API over HTTP. Amazon’s S3 offering is by far the most popular cloud storage available today and the one we rely on extensively here at Storyblocks to store our video, photo, and audio assets, our CSS and Javascript, our user event data and much more.\n\n11. CDN\nCDN stands for “Content Delivery Network” and the technology provides a way of serving assets such as static HTML, CSS, Javascript, and images over the web much faster than serving them from a single origin server. It works by distributing the content across many “edge” servers around the world so that users end up downloading assets from the “edge” servers instead of the origin server. For instance in the image below, a user in Spain requests a web page from a site with origin servers in NYC, but the static assets for the page are loaded from a CDN “edge” server in England, preventing many slow cross-Atlantic HTTP requests.\n\n\nSource\nCheck out this article for a more thorough introduction. In general a web app should always use a CDN to serve CSS, Javascript, images, videos and any other assets. Some apps might also be able to leverage a CDN to serve static HTML pages.\n\nParting thoughts\nAnd that’s a wrap on Web Architecture 101. I hope you found this useful. I’ll hopefully post a series of 201 articles that provide deep dives into some of these components over the course of the next year or two.",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://blog.coinbase.com/coinbase-is-exploring-cardano-basic-attention-token-stellar-zcash-and-0x-9e44f0eb823f",
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      "body": "We are exploring the addition of several new assets, and will be working with local banks and regulators to add them in as many jurisdictions as possible.\n\n![1_uFGEUjLjaZdPvynmCRGOWQ.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmNz2iQFVQrNaCr1RVQx26ReAkbc34DaGM8NLWaJYzKNbp/1_uFGEUjLjaZdPvynmCRGOWQ.png)\nToday we are announcing that we’re exploring the addition of the following assets to Coinbase:\n\nCardano (ADA)\nBasic Attention Token (BAT)\nStellar Lumens (XLM)\nZcash (ZEC)\n0x (ZRX)\nWe are making this announcement internally at Coinbase and to the public at the same time to remain transparent with our customers about support for future assets.\n\nUnlike the ongoing process of adding Ethereum Classic, which is technically very similar to Ethereum, these assets will require additional exploratory work and we cannot guarantee they will be listed for trading. Furthermore, our listing process may result in some of these assets being listed solely for customers to buy and sell, without the ability to send or receive using a local wallet. We may also only enable certain ways to interact with these assets through our site, such as supporting only deposits and withdrawals from transparent Zcash addresses. Finally, some of these assets may be offered in other jurisdictions prior to being listed in the US.\n\nAs part of the exploratory process, customers may see public-facing APIs and other signs that we are conducting engineering work to support these assets. While we cannot commit to when or whether these assets will become available at this time, we will provide updates to our customers about the process and what they can expect via the Coinbase blog and Twitter.\n\nGoing forward, you should expect that we will make similar announcements about exploring the addition of multiple assets. Some of these assets may become available everywhere, while others may only be supported in specific jurisdictions.\n\nFrequently Asked Questions\nQ: Can you tell me more about these assets?\nYou can find information on the assets being explored at their respective websites:\n\nCardano (ADA)\nBasic Attention Token (BAT)\nStellar Lumens (XLM)\nZcash (ZEC)\n0x (ZRX)\nQ: Why explore these assets at this time?\nIn evaluating these assets for exploration, we relied as much as possible on the criteria in our published Digital Asset Framework, but found that many of the criteria required communication with external parties to fully evaluate. Regardless, here’s what we found notable about each of these assets.\n\nCardano (ADA)\nThe Cardano protocol was created by Charles Hoskinson, one of the co-founders of Ethereum. Cardano’s Bitcoin-like Settlement Layer (CSL) mainnet is live and it has a functional wallet for its built-in ADA cryptocurrency. It has also taken a different technical direction from other blockchains on several axes, like its Ouroboros proof-of-stake algorithm, its use of Haskell, and its focus on formal verification. While Cardano’s Computation Layer (CCL) is not yet live, the project has published long-term roadmaps, has shipped working software, and appears to have a growing community.\n\nBasic Attention Token (BAT)\nThe Basic Attention Token (BAT) is the internal token of the Brave browser. The initial purpose of the BAT is to allow advertisers to pay for user attention when they view ads via Brave, but it can potentially be used as a general digital currency for Brave user interactions with arbitrary websites. Brave announced that they have recently passed 3 million monthly users and are in the top 10 list in the Google Play store in more than 20 countries. More than 18,000 verified publishers are using Brave across 4,500 websites and 13,500 YouTube and Twitch streamer accounts. The CEO of Brave is Brendan Eich, the inventor of Javascript and co-founder of Mozilla and Firefox, and the company is funded by Founders Fund and Digital Currency Group, among others.\n\nStellar Lumens (XLM)\nStellar is an open-source protocol for value exchange developed by Stanford CS professor David Mazieres, Rust language author Graydon Hoare, and Jed McCaleb. Lumens (XLM) are the native asset of the Stellar network. Stellar’s consensus protocol is different from proof-of-work in that it allows and requires individual nodes to choose the set of other nodes they trust as a group (a “quorum slice”) to give them accurate information about the state of the Stellar network. Stellar allows for the creation of anchors that can issue assets, use bridge servers to interface with existing banks, and follow Stellar’s compliance protocol. Initially funded by Stripe, Stellar’s board members include Khosla Ventures partner Keith Rabois, Stripe cofounder Patrick Collison, Wordpress founder Matt Mullenweg, YCombinator President Sam Altman, MIT DCI head Joi Ito, and AngelList founder Naval Ravikant.\n\nZcash (ZEC)\nZcash is a cryptocurrency which uses recent advances in cryptography to allow users to protect the privacy of transactions at their discretion. The distinction between Zcash’s “transparent” and “shielded” transactions is analogous to the distinction between unencrypted HTTP and encrypted HTTPS. In both cases, the unencrypted/transparent version of the protocol allows third parties to see metadata associated with the communication or transaction, while the encrypted/shielded version protects this information. The Zcash protocol has been live since 2016 and the development team has published technical improvements that may reduce the memory consumption associated with transaction privacy by 98%.\n\n0x (ZRX)\n0x is an open protocol that allows ERC20 tokens to be traded on the Ethereum blockchain. ZRX is the native utility token of the 0x protocol, and several dozen independent projects have been built with the 0x technology, including relays and decentralized exchanges with tens of millions of dollars in collective transaction volume to date. The project has shipped a number of tools for developers, including Javascript, Solidity, and Web3 libraries, and has mostly adhered to the roadmap outlined in their whitepaper.\n\nQ: What is the status on adding Ethereum Classic (ETC)?\nWe are underway with engineering work to add Ethereum Classic (ETC), and it is proceeding as planned. We are making this announcement so that we can begin the next phase of work to explore adding more assets to the platform.\n\nQ: What is the status on adding ERC-20 assets?\nWe announced our general intention to support ERC20 assets in March. The BAT and ZRX assets are the first specific ERC20-based assets we are exploring for addition to the platform.\n\nQ: How will you decide what countries to launch these assets in?\nRegional support will depend on a case-by-case analysis that looks to legal, compliance, and other factors that are relevant to that jurisdiction. In some cases, you should expect certain assets to be available in other jurisdictions before coming to the US.\n\nQ: Does this mean Coinbase has deemed these assets to not be securities under a particular country’s laws?\nNo. That legal analysis is ongoing and will vary by jurisdiction. As we only plan to launch assets which are compliant with local law, some assets may only be available in specific jurisdictions.\n\nQ: Why is this just an exploration, rather than an announcement that Coinbase is adding these assets?\nIn an effort to be as open and transparent as possible, we’re announcing that our teams are exploring the feasibility of supporting these assets. This is consistent with our process for adding new assets. But unlike Ethereum Classic, which is technically very similar to Ethereum, these assets will require additional exploratory work that may result in one or more of them being listed only in specific jurisdictions, or not at all.\n\nQ: Which Coinbase platforms will support these assets?\nWe have not made this determination at this time, but we hope to offer support for each asset across the widest variety of products in each jurisdiction.",
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      "author": "multi-taktv",
      "body": "![1_P8ZAJLvJ7IahjN28FmQDhg.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZvy9rjsEgiR1PbxcnegXo2xpzDHBqaKn78rxB6WzTm2b/1_P8ZAJLvJ7IahjN28FmQDhg.png)\nIn machine learning, there’s something called the “No Free Lunch” theorem. In a nutshell, it states that no one algorithm works best for every problem, and it’s especially relevant for supervised learning (i.e. predictive modeling).\n\nFor example, you can’t say that neural networks are always better than decision trees or vice-versa. There are many factors at play, such as the size and structure of your dataset.\n\nAs a result, you should try many different algorithms for your problem, while using a hold-out “test set” of data to evaluate performance and select the winner.\n\nOf course, the algorithms you try must be appropriate for your problem, which is where picking the right machine learning task comes in. As an analogy, if you need to clean your house, you might use a vacuum, a broom, or a mop, but you wouldn’t bust out a shovel and start digging.\n\nThe Big Principle\nHowever, there is a common principle that underlies all supervised machine learning algorithms for predictive modeling.\n\nMachine learning algorithms are described as learning a target function (f) that best maps input variables (X) to an output variable (Y): Y = f(X)\nThis is a general learning task where we would like to make predictions in the future (Y) given new examples of input variables (X). We don’t know what the function (f) looks like or its form. If we did, we would use it directly and we would not need to learn it from data using machine learning algorithms.\n\nThe most common type of machine learning is to learn the mapping Y = f(X) to make predictions of Y for new X. This is called predictive modeling or predictive analytics and our goal is to make the most accurate predictions possible.\n\nFor machine learning newbies who are eager to understand the basic of machine learning, here is a quick tour on the top 10 machine learning algorithms used by data scientists.\n\n1 — Linear Regression\nLinear regression is perhaps one of the most well-known and well-understood algorithms in statistics and machine learning.\n\nPredictive modeling is primarily concerned with minimizing the error of a model or making the most accurate predictions possible, at the expense of explainability. We will borrow, reuse and steal algorithms from many different fields, including statistics and use them towards these ends.\n\nThe representation of linear regression is an equation that describes a line that best fits the relationship between the input variables (x) and the output variables (y), by finding specific weightings for the input variables called coefficients (B).\n\n\nLinear Regression\nFor example: y = B0 + B1 * x\n\nWe will predict y given the input x and the goal of the linear regression learning algorithm is to find the values for the coefficients B0 and B1.\n\nDifferent techniques can be used to learn the linear regression model from data, such as a linear algebra solution for ordinary least squares and gradient descent optimization.\n\nLinear regression has been around for more than 200 years and has been extensively studied. Some good rules of thumb when using this technique are to remove variables that are very similar (correlated) and to remove noise from your data, if possible. It is a fast and simple technique and good first algorithm to try.\n\n2 — Logistic Regression\nLogistic regression is another technique borrowed by machine learning from the field of statistics. It is the go-to method for binary classification problems (problems with two class values).\n\nLogistic regression is like linear regression in that the goal is to find the values for the coefficients that weight each input variable. Unlike linear regression, the prediction for the output is transformed using a non-linear function called the logistic function.\n\nThe logistic function looks like a big S and will transform any value into the range 0 to 1. This is useful because we can apply a rule to the output of the logistic function to snap values to 0 and 1 (e.g. IF less than 0.5 then output 1) and predict a class value.\n\n\nLogistic Regression\nBecause of the way that the model is learned, the predictions made by logistic regression can also be used as the probability of a given data instance belonging to class 0 or class 1. This can be useful for problems where you need to give more rationale for a prediction.\n\nLike linear regression, logistic regression does work better when you remove attributes that are unrelated to the output variable as well as attributes that are very similar (correlated) to each other. It’s a fast model to learn and effective on binary classification problems.\n\n3 — Linear Discriminant Analysis\nLogistic Regression is a classification algorithm traditionally limited to only two-class classification problems. If you have more than two classes then the Linear Discriminant Analysis algorithm is the preferred linear classification technique.\n\nThe representation of LDA is pretty straight forward. It consists of statistical properties of your data, calculated for each class. For a single input variable this includes:\n\nThe mean value for each class.\nThe variance calculated across all classes.\n\nLinear Discriminant Analysis\nPredictions are made by calculating a discriminate value for each class and making a prediction for the class with the largest value. The technique assumes that the data has a Gaussian distribution (bell curve), so it is a good idea to remove outliers from your data before hand. It’s a simple and powerful method for classification predictive modeling problems.\n\n4 — Classification and Regression Trees\nDecision Trees are an important type of algorithm for predictive modeling machinelearning.\n\nThe representation of the decision tree model is a binary tree. This is your binary tree from algorithms and data structures, nothing too fancy. Each node represents a single input variable (x) and a split point on that variable (assuming the variable is numeric).\n\n\nDecision Tree\nThe leaf nodes of the tree contain an output variable (y) which is used to make a prediction. Predictions are made by walking the splits of the tree until arriving at a leaf node and output the class value at that leaf node.\n\nTrees are fast to learn and very fast for making predictions. They are also often accurate for a broad range of problems and do not require any special preparation for your data.\n\n5 — Naive Bayes\nNaive Bayes is a simple but surprisingly powerful algorithm for predictive modeling.\n\nThe model is comprised of two types of probabilities that can be calculated directly from your training data: 1) The probability of each class; and 2) The conditional probability for each class given each x value. Once calculated, the probability model can be used to make predictions for new data using Bayes Theorem. When your data is real-valued it is common to assume a Gaussian distribution (bell curve) so that you can easily estimate these probabilities.\n\n\nBayes Theorem\nNaive Bayes is called naive because it assumes that each input variable is independent. This is a strong assumption and unrealistic for real data, nevertheless, the technique is very effective on a large range of complex problems.\n\n6 — K-Nearest Neighbors\nThe KNN algorithm is very simple and very effective. The model representation for KNN is the entire training dataset. Simple right?\n\nPredictions are made for a new data point by searching through the entire training set for the K most similar instances (the neighbors) and summarizing the output variable for those K instances. For regression problems, this might be the mean output variable, for classification problems this might be the mode (or most common) class value.\n\nThe trick is in how to determine the similarity between the data instances. The simplest technique if your attributes are all of the same scale (all in inches for example) is to use the Euclidean distance, a number you can calculate directly based on the differences between each input variable.\n\n\nK-Nearest Neighbors\nKNN can require a lot of memory or space to store all of the data, but only performs a calculation (or learn) when a prediction is needed, just in time. You can also update and curate your training instances over time to keep predictions accurate.\n\nThe idea of distance or closeness can break down in very high dimensions (lots of input variables) which can negatively affect the performance of the algorithm on your problem. This is called the curse of dimensionality. It suggests you only use those input variables that are most relevant to predicting the output variable.\n\n7 — Learning Vector Quantization\nA downside of K-Nearest Neighbors is that you need to hang on to your entire training dataset. The Learning Vector Quantization algorithm (or LVQ for short) is an artificial neural network algorithm that allows you to choose how many training instances to hang onto and learns exactly what those instances should look like.\n\n\nLearning Vector Quantization\nThe representation for LVQ is a collection of codebook vectors. These are selected randomly in the beginning and adapted to best summarize the training dataset over a number of iterations of the learning algorithm. After learned, the codebook vectors can be used to make predictions just like K-Nearest Neighbors. The most similar neighbor (best matching codebook vector) is found by calculating the distance between each codebook vector and the new data instance. The class value or (real value in the case of regression) for the best matching unit is then returned as the prediction. Best results are achieved if you rescale your data to have the same range, such as between 0 and 1.\n\nIf you discover that KNN gives good results on your dataset try using LVQ to reduce the memory requirements of storing the entire training dataset.\n\n8 — Support Vector Machines\nSupport Vector Machines are perhaps one of the most popular and talked about machine learning algorithms.\n\nA hyperplane is a line that splits the input variable space. In SVM, a hyperplane is selected to best separate the points in the input variable space by their class, either class 0 or class 1. In two-dimensions, you can visualize this as a line and let’s assume that all of our input points can be completely separated by this line. The SVM learning algorithm finds the coefficients that results in the best separation of the classes by the hyperplane.\n\n\nSupport Vector Machine\nThe distance between the hyperplane and the closest data points is referred to as the margin. The best or optimal hyperplane that can separate the two classes is the line that has the largest margin. Only these points are relevant in defining the hyperplane and in the construction of the classifier. These points are called the support vectors. They support or define the hyperplane. In practice, an optimization algorithm is used to find the values for the coefficients that maximizes the margin.\n\nSVM might be one of the most powerful out-of-the-box classifiers and worth trying on your dataset.\n\n9 — Bagging and Random Forest\nRandom Forest is one of the most popular and most powerful machine learning algorithms. It is a type of ensemble machine learning algorithm called Bootstrap Aggregation or bagging.\n\nThe bootstrap is a powerful statistical method for estimating a quantity from a data sample. Such as a mean. You take lots of samples of your data, calculate the mean, then average all of your mean values to give you a better estimation of the true mean value.\n\nIn bagging, the same approach is used, but instead for estimating entire statistical models, most commonly decision trees. Multiple samples of your training data are taken then models are constructed for each data sample. When you need to make a prediction for new data, each model makes a prediction and the predictions are averaged to give a better estimate of the true output value.\n\n\nRandom Forest\nRandom forest is a tweak on this approach where decision trees are created so that rather than selecting optimal split points, suboptimal splits are made by introducing randomness.\n\nThe models created for each sample of the data are therefore more different than they otherwise would be, but still accurate in their unique and different ways. Combining their predictions results in a better estimate of the true underlying output value.\n\nIf you get good results with an algorithm with high variance (like decision trees), you can often get better results by bagging that algorithm.\n\n10 — Boosting and AdaBoost\nBoosting is an ensemble technique that attempts to create a strong classifier from a number of weak classifiers. This is done by building a model from the training data, then creating a second model that attempts to correct the errors from the first model. Models are added until the training set is predicted perfectly or a maximum number of models are added.\n\nAdaBoost was the first really successful boosting algorithm developed for binary classification. It is the best starting point for understanding boosting. Modern boosting methods build on AdaBoost, most notably stochastic gradient boosting machines.\n\n\nAdaBoost\nAdaBoost is used with short decision trees. After the first tree is created, the performance of the tree on each training instance is used to weight how much attention the next tree that is created should pay attention to each training instance. Training data that is hard to predict is given more weight, whereas easy to predict instances are given less weight. Models are created sequentially one after the other, each updating the weights on the training instances that affect the learning performed by the next tree in the sequence. After all the trees are built, predictions are made for new data, and the performance of each tree is weighted by how accurate it was on training data.\n\nBecause so much attention is put on correcting mistakes by the algorithm it is important that you have clean data with outliers removed.\n\nLast Takeaway\nA typical question asked by a beginner, when facing a wide variety of machine learning algorithms, is “which algorithm should I use?” The answer to the question varies depending on many factors, including: (1) The size, quality, and nature of data; (2) The available computational time; (3) The urgency of the task; and (4) What you want to do with the data.\n\nEven an experienced data scientist cannot tell which algorithm will perform the best before trying different algorithms. Although there are many other Machine Learning algorithms, these are the most popular ones. If you’re a newbie to Machine Learning, these would be a good starting point to learn.",
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      "body": "![images.jpeg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmS4jAvA9EZZxHBznHuvLJFPgYXqhWXsmqJPEAsbEKs6U7/images.jpeg)\nSome months, I feel the precise moment when the lights go out. One second, there is goodness in the world; in the next, it vanishes. Other months, the clouds descend gradually, till happiness is just a muted haze.\n\nThe months when I can feel a muffled happiness are the good ones. Joy reaches me bundled in cotton, but at least it’s there. Having appropriate emotional responses is as hard as moving through treacle, but at least I can move. Sometimes I only remember what time of month it is when I find myself surprised at how hard joy has turned. The light is glowing on the chestnut branches, a friend’s eyes are glittering — but inside me, there is only a flicker.\n\nSometimes it’s not cotton, but glass between me and the good world. I see the chestnut and the friend clearly — but I’m on the other side, and though the glass is invisible, I can’t get through. Other times, everything loses its glow. The trees which ordinarily call out “Go for a walk!,” the books which say “Read me!,” the problems asking to be solved all go mute. I can’t find my happiness — I can’t even find my wanting. My hands and face go numb along with my mind.\n\nClinically, this is called “dysphoria.” This is precisely what it sounds like: euphoria with a minus sign. An unshakable sense that all’s bad with the world. Free-floating despair. Etymologically, it means “hard-to-bear-ness,” and that’s exactly how it feels: Everything is too heavy.\n\nI try to tell myself there is nothing to be sad about. My voice tumbles down the precipice, fading away without ever reaching the bottom. Ordinary sadness, even moderate depression, can be talked to; PMS doesn’t speak the language. The usual links between thought, feeling, and action all seem to have snapped.\n\nI know all of this will go away by the time my period starts, and every ray of light on a chestnut will be a miracle again — but it doesn’t help much to know this. Imagine you found out — experienced in a viscerally felt flash — that everything was empty on the inside , even people. Would it help to know that a day — maybe a week — later you would forget what you had felt?\n\nIf I keep repeating, “Everything is okay,” I can hold onto the words — a spell keeping my own darkness at arm’s length. What I can’t do is feel the truth I’m holding; I don’t have the hormones with which to feel joy.\n\nThis is what PMS is like for me.\n\nIt’s not about men\nSkies dusking a desperate black isn’t exactly the first image that pops to mind when you hear “PMS.” An irritable woman engaging in “ear-splitting yelling, irrational arguments and fits of tears” is a little more familiar.\n\nMoodiness and irritability (and fits of tears, too) are certainly part of my PMS experience. A few cycles back I entered a favorite coffee shop at 11:45 a.m., hoping to order a quiche. The barista told me they didn’t serve items off their lunch menu till noon. I snapped something at her, backed away from the counter, and felt the world collapsing beneath me. I was starving and powerless. I had nowhere to turn. Unbearable possibilities were closing in around me: waiting for 15 minutes, deciding on another place, finding an item off the breakfast menu. All felt desperately beyond me.\n\nAnother time, on a holiday together, my boyfriend asked me if I was planning to brush my teeth before leaving the hotel. I snapped something along the lines of, “Don’t tell me what to do!”\n\nA woman’s “irritability” is how men experience PMS. Moodiness is the visible ripple on the surface of a woman’s suffering. I snap because all the goodness has gone out of the world and I’m scared. I snap because the soundtrack to everything is Shostakovich, and I can’t turn it off. I snap because I’ve been smiling for hours from a place unreachable by joy. I snap because I’m exhausted from trying not to snap all day.\n\nOn that holiday with my boyfriend, I snapped because my feelings heard, “You have bad breath and I wish I was on this holiday alone, and you’re just taking up space.” (Unlike the readers of “Handling Her Period Like a Man,” Ben cares about his girlfriend’s inner life, so when I explained myself, he made it abundantly clear that just taking up space couldn’t be further from the truth.) Was this irrational? Is it irrational to see a straight stick in water as bent? Is it irrational to miscalculate simple sums when you have a splitting headache? Is it irrational to shiver when you have a fever — even if it’s warm outside?\n\nThere is some evidence that women with severe forms of PMS (more precisely, PMDD; see below) perceive neutral faces as if they were faces expressing negative emotions. I think this happens to me — and I can’t turn this off, just like you can’t turn off that straight stick in water looking bent.\n\nSociety treats PMS as if it were a man’s problem. (More generally, society treats mental health problems as if they were problems only for those who don’t actually suffer from them.) If women got cold before their period, men would be complaining about their irrational shivering. If women’s eyesight got worse every month, society would be asking how we could stop them from rudely bumping into men.\n\nLet me say it again: It’s not about men.\n\nEnter PMDD\nHuge caveat: I’m not a psychologist, and I have read very little of the primary literature on PMS/PMDD. I’m basing these general remarks on Wikipedia, and on the TEDx talk which I’ll discuss below. Based on my cursory glance at the literature, it’s also quite clear that I’m something of an outlier. Please bear this in mind, and take what follows with a grain of salt!\n\nOver the last few decades, some scientists who call themselves feminists have noted the deficiencies of this male perspective on PMS, and argued that, to a great extent, women’s premenstrual irritability is caused by societal expectations about PMS. So far, so good. The problem is that these researchers then conclude that PMS doesn’t exist at all — it’s just a cultural myth.\n\nIn a TEDx talk titled “The good news about PMS,” which exemplifies this movement, psychologist Robyn Stein DeLuca presents research suggesting that while a genuine, serious disorder called “premenstrual dysphoric disorder” affects 3 to 8 percent of women, everyone else’s “symptoms” amount to culturally induced autosuggestion.\n\nAs you may have guessed, I (probably) satisfy the diagnostic criteria for PMDD. If DeLuca is right, my story is irrelevant to the vast majority of women. I’ll try to argue that this isn’t so — that there is an important continuity between PMS and PMDD, and denying this amounts to adopting the male perspective on PMS — but this argument will be largely speculative, and won’t directly question the scientific evidence DeLuca provides. In fact, some of this evidence has convinced me that there really are women who think they suffer from PMS but in fact do not. So — be warned, and judge for yourself.\n\nBut first, I want to make a point which stands even if all the scientific evidence is exactly like DeLuca paints it. In “The good news about PMS,” who is the news good for? The women with moderate symptoms who thought they suffered from PMS but are now being told they don’t? Is it good news for them that “science tells them” that they’re making their moods up? What about the 3 to 8 percent of women who actually suffer from PMDD?\n\nThat is by no means a negligible number of women. For comparison, the lifetime prevalence of depression is 8 to 12 percent. Some 5 to 10 percent of men under 40 suffer from erectile dysfunction. Can you imagine a TED talk called “The good news about depression: You’re making it up”? Or: “The good news about ED: You’re just not trying hard enough”?\n\nAnd it’s not just the prevalence — PMDD is a serious condition. Deadly, in fact: According to some estimates, 15 percent of women with PMDD attempt suicide.\n\nGood news my ass.\n\nHarder to study — but not unreal\nI do share DeLuca’s resistance to the medicalization of PMS. If the aim of diagnosing PMDD is to stuff the sufferer with poorly understood pharmaceuticals, then we’d better limit the diagnosis to those who really can’t be helped in any other way. But we shouldn’t forget that this is an artificial cordoning off of those who have it worst. To call the low prevalence of PMDD “good news” is to succumb to medicalization: It’s to accept that only those who are “disordered” suffer. It’s to accept a binary scale on which someone with five of 11 prespecified symptoms is diseased, but someone with four doesn’t have the right to complain.\n\nSimilarly, if we’re trying to rigorously study a psychological condition, it makes sense to start with stringent, well-defined, and testable criteria. This is why the evidence on PMDD is so much less equivocal than the evidence on PMS: PMDD was defined to be more easily studied! Concluding that PMS doesn’t exist is a bit like concluding that fermions don’t exist outside of laboratory conditions, since we haven’t quite been able to observe them there.\n\nDeLuca uses the fact that there are hundreds of PMS symptoms as evidence against its reality. This is puzzling: You might think each symptom is evidence of PMS, and the number of symptoms is evidence of PMS’s seriousness!\n\nOf course, I’m being unfair. Imagine a magician telling you that every time he shuffles a deck of cards, something “magical” will happen. And each time, something does happen: Sometimes pigeons fly out of the deck, and sometimes he smiles a smile somewhat different from the smiles you’re used to. You’d be right to complain: What’s so magical about a smile?! DeLuca’s contention is that PMS is like this: Women claim to be experiencing a special sort of magic each month, but they can’t specify in advance what the magic trick will be — and some of the “tricks” turn out to be entirely ordinary human experiences.\n\nThis is a legitimate worry — but it’s one that applies equally to the study of many other psychological complaints. Psychology is full of baroque lists of symptoms which suggest that we aren’t carving nature at the joints yet. Some of the symptoms of PMS may be pseudo-symptoms, some are probably culturally conditioned, some are strongly affected by sufferer’s beliefs about mental health. (The latter two features — which apply across the board in psychology — don’t mean they aren’t real symptoms.) Psychologists just haven’t separated the wheat from the chaff yet — but that’s no reason to preemptively conclude that it’s all chaff.\n\nDeLuca is right to complain that it’s extremely hard to study a syndrome with hundreds of symptoms, many of which are ordinary human experiences. Test for their disjunction, and you’ll find it present at many other points in a cycle. Test for individual symptoms, and they might be replaced by something entirely different the next time around (and not be present at all in the woman next door, who has other symptoms). There may also be subtle cancellation effects. For instance, crying is certainly one of my PMS symptoms, but I’m not at all sure that I cry more in the last week of my cycle than at other times. Some months PMS hits me with emptiness rather than tears, and at those times I fail to cry at things I would have cried at otherwise. Quite possibly, the two effects cancel each other out. The study of PMS requires some extremely subtle experimental design. But this is a problem for psychology — not a problem with women.\n\nThe myth of the PMS myth\nDeLuca is also right that medicalization is dangerous. If there are PMS symptoms which affect 80 percent of women, they surely can’t amount to a syndrome — they’re just normal aspects of the female experience. The externally visible symptoms of PMS, like irritability, are overblown, and often amount to women merely submitting to cultural expectations. The emotional profile of the premenstrual phase is much more subtle than the culturally sanctioned “turning into witches” view.\n\nBut she goes troublingly wrong when she infers from the complex emotional profile of the premenstrual phase — and from the failure of third-personal, male categories like irritability to fully capture PMS — that PMS doesn’t exist at all. She goes wrong when she assumes that cultural causes of suffering invalidate the suffering.\n\nDeLuca is also right that the belief in PMS-caused irritability can serve to discredit women. It can be an excuse not to take legitimate complaints seriously, dismissing them as groundless feelings. But denying the reality of PMS can also serve this purpose, by depriving us of the language to articulate what we’re feeling. If PMS isn’t real, then when I snap, I really am just being irrational. DeLuca’s viewers are quick to pick this up. Here’s the top comment on the YouTube video of the talk.\n\nSo… are we saying that when she acts like that she doesn’t have the excuse of PMS? Because… then that means she’s just being a jerk for no reason.\nThanks science.\nHowever imperfect the stereotypical picture, it allows me to explain my (overre)actions. I can say, “I don’t really mean it; I’m PMS-ing.” I may be ridiculed, but at least I’m partially understood. I wish I could say instead, without incredulous stares, “I’m sorry I snapped — it’s the time of month when my soul and my hands both feel numb” — but it’s still better to have an imperfect language than to be mute.\n\nWe’re fed a myth about women turning into witches each month. In fact, women have rich emotional lives affected by scores of things, including, but certainly not limited to, their menstrual cycle. For some women, like me, the effect of cycle on emotion is particularly pronounced, and can range from slightly dampened spirits to utter hopelessness.\n\nIn a culture raised on myths, these are the cases which result in witch-sightings. DeLuca notices the myth — and proceeds to erase the woman along with the witch. I suggest that we part ways here, instead striving to retrain our eyes — and learning to see the suffering human behind the witch-mirage.\n\nA few words about coping\nI’m apprehensive about posting this. I’m tackling two taboo topics in one: mental health and the female experience, and I’m publicly sharing a personal story — anecdotal evidence — on top of that.\n\nI don’t know if posting is worth the vulnerability, but I do know that in an ideal world, this wouldn’t be a vulnerable topic to begin with. I’m writing simply because I’m sick of keeping quiet.\n\nPMS/PMDD is surprisingly hard to recognize in yourself. I’ve known since high school that I could get hopelessly sad the day before my period started. It was hard to miss: bawling my eyes out about nothing at all one day, blood the next. But I didn’t realize until recently — when I started using a cycle-tracking app — that my mood (and sleep, focus, and digestion) is consistently worse in the second half of my cycle. Until recently, I thought I “just got depressed” sometimes, and had no idea that only two out of the four weeks were ever bad. (If you ignore the fact that the start of the first “good” week usually features debilitating cramps.)\n\nKnowledge of the patterns in my own moods has given me back the sense of control which PMDD takes away. I wish I’d known earlier. If PMS — the real PMS, not the irritability — weren’t such a taboo topic, I could have.\n\nI’d like to end with a short list of coping strategies for PMS/PMDD. (They’re also helpful for depression, anxiety, and mood instability in general.)\n\nI dismissed them earlier, but little words like, “It’s okay” and, “It will get better soon” really are a magic charm. You don’t need to feel their truth for them to help you to wait it out.\nI also find it helpful to tell myself: “It’s okay not to be okay.” Darknesses have a tendency to get self-reflexive — if you can at least remove the outer layer of self-blame, you’re making progress.\nKnowing that what you’re going through is PMS/PMDD — and that you’re not making it up — is super helpful. You might want to use a cycle-tracking app to help gain this knowledge. I use Clue, and I generally recommend it, though it’s not perfect. When tracking moods, it makes you decide whether you’re experiencing PMS or just sadness/sensitivity. It’s hard to know what to do if symptoms appear earlier in your cycle than usual! It also seems to assume that PMS happens in one continuous chunk each cycle.\nThis 15-minute yoga sequence is a lifesaver. In fact, it’s the single most effective resource I have for combating PMS. Unfortunately, the voiceover is super annoying (“shift your attitude towards gratitude”?!) — but you can always mute it, and the poses really work for me. I’m risking sounding entirely unscientific when I say this — I have no idea what the mechanism is — but this sequence reaches deeper into the darkness than words. I’ve cried tears of wholeness at the heart-opening part at 6:43, tears that bridged the gap between thought and feeling when words couldn’t.\nIf yoga isn’t your cup of tea, sometimes just focusing on your breathing (slowly, pausing before each new inhale) can lift the weight a tiny bit. Meditation can work too, though there’s the danger that it’ll push you even deeper inside your head. I find it helpful as a way of noticing just how many thoughts are lurking behind my mood — and, sometimes, converting the mood into something that can be talked to.\nI’ll say it one more time, louder: A disorder that makes women turn into witches — or bitches — is a social construct. Hormonal fluctuations which dim your inner glow, on the other hand — that’s lived experience.",
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      "author": "cheetah",
      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://www.news18.com/news/lifestyle/gay-couples-also-at-increased-risk-of-domestic-violence-emotional-abuse-study-1808797.html",
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      "body": "A gay couple fight apparently represents a female victim and a male perpetrator.![1531374180093319_wideLopThum.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmPGJ5WJVt6Y6cBvQ14d5wKR8JJRbJQsfPwZQUwX3ts1Np/1531374180093319_wideLopThum.jpg)\n\nWhile intimate partner violence is a prevalent and pressing concern in heterosexual relationships, gay couples too may be at an increased risk of physical and sexual violence, emotional abuse as well as controlling behaviour, finds a study.\n\nAccording to researchers, the violence links back to HIV prevention because men in abusive relationships may find it hard to negotiate for condom use or even when and how they have sex.\nA gay man who is struggling with his identity might lash out at his partner with physical or emotional abuse as a stress response behaviour -- similar to heterosexual couples, where an unemployed man lashes out at his female partner because he feels inadequate.\nThe study makes a strong connection between internalized homophobia and violence, the findings showed.\n\"If you just looked at physical and sexual violence in male couples, it's about 25 to 30 per cent, roughly the same as women,\" said Rob Stephenson, Professor at the University of Michigan in the US.![15313726063927_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmS54MJ9yf4ZWehjK7NUdcmLgCtpakVCXF2m2E3mL9kJ1k/15313726063927_M=.jpg)\n\n\"We're stuck in this mental representation of domestic violence as a female victim and a male perpetrator, and while that is very important, there are other forms of domestic violence in all types of relationships,\" Stephenson added.\nThe research is important because it debunks that stereotype, and accounts for controlling and isolating behaviours as well as physical abuse, Stephenson said.\nFor the study, published in the American Journal of Men's Health, the researchers recruited 320 men (160 couples) to independently complete individual surveys measuring demographic information, partner violence experience and perpetration, and individual and relationship characteristics that may shape the experience of violence.![1531373642424280_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmWEETLNfr7cxVFWoudRaP4LzdUWhNEjG2Db75FDm6LDAs/1531373642424280_M=.jpg)\n\nThey found that 46 per cent of the 320 men (160 couples) experienced some form of intimate partner violence in the last year -- physical and sexual violence, emotional abuse and controlling behaviour.The Supreme Court in India has began hearing a number of petitions challenging Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code which criminalises consensual homosexuality for people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender.![1531373496763436_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmPaEyNLKFdErrpN4oXuEzDVHj8bWBzPfhAH6KF6fz5Vps/1531373496763436_M=.jpg)",
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      "author": "multi-taktv",
      "body": "Although we must first rub the soap on this organ first. thanks![1531216965329579_wideLopThum.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmaDr78kjmAf7YzHduNe9yy16st3sw6JGqyinj1cyr3Zf2/1531216965329579_wideLopThum.jpg)\n\nSome people enjoy great fun while bathing. In fact, there is a thing about cleanliness, so everyone should keep enjoying it. The habit of bathing with soap in it is used for bathing from childhood. But do you know that where the bathing of rub is very beneficial for our body, there are some parts of our body which should really be kept away from this process! Yes, we tell you that we are not able to bear all the parts of the body soap of soap. Therefore, we can not treat them like other normal organs at all. ![1531216986360621_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmRrk2BxgGgma3R5q8pMhj5Zx8MudMWGEx3EVTHqG9ws4P/1531216986360621_M=.jpg)\n\nTell you that they are the most precious and sensitive parts of the body. That is why we should not scrub them with rubbing soap. However, at the time of this we must first rub the soap on this organ. Simply, this caution should be done while bathing.![1531217001267380_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmSTmvXc7zemkF74vCkc4JNbfq2KFCjQQ55CxQv4U9URBD/1531217001267380_M=.jpg)\n\nIt is worth noting that when bathing, do not apply soap on the body part, because the skin of the private parts is very delicate and the chemicals used in the making of soap are used for our organism. That is why at the time of bathing, soap should not be used on the private part.\n![1531217132713526_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQme6Q9uodymoK9jPfAaXCrYi8NJgwyEj3s4mAKWMZtBdJS/1531217132713526_M=.jpg)\nLet us know that by applying soap on the private part, the skin becomes quite soft. The possibility of having irritation and itching problems in that place increases. Therefore, do not apply soap on private parts while bathing at any time.![1531217142736619_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmePsjqDJuFqYBHKwazehwieSdsfRxpRfFjbDfsaaeUzsU/1531217142736619_M=.jpg)",
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      "title": "Do not apply bath in this part of the bath soap, there are big losses"
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      "body": "![MV5BZDM2YjVjYjItYmJkOS00YjYxLWFmYzgtNjQ2OTkwOGYwZmNkXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyNzk3NDUzNTc@._V1_SX1777_CR001777937_AL_-1200x675.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQ1PmXqsKZ98FLNcY3BWicMcBmPtVge7Ph2SkabWwfqoh/MV5BZDM2YjVjYjItYmJkOS00YjYxLWFmYzgtNjQ2OTkwOGYwZmNkXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyNzk3NDUzNTc@._V1_SX1777_CR001777937_AL_-1200x675.jpg)\nAnt-Man and the Wasp earned $8.4 million on its second Friday of release, dropping a record-high (for the MCU) 75% from its $33.8m opening day. That’s good, but it’s also not that farther from the 73% drop of Spider-Man: Homecoming and the 74% drops of Avengers: Age of Ultron and Captain America: Civil War. The MCU movies tend to take big Friday-to-Friday dives. Even The Winter Soldier dropped 68% on its second Friday)\nThat Ant-Man and the Wasp merely fell a little farther (with much smaller numbers) than Civil War and Avengers 2 may just be a byproduct of kids being out of school (and thus able to catch up on the weekdays) and two new releases that specifically target the same demographics. When you’ve got Skyscraper offering PG-13 action thrills and Hotel Transylvania 3 overperforming and offering kid-friendly comedic hijinks, that’s a tough hit for the Peyton Reed kid-friendly action comedy. This isn’t the same as Spider-Man: Homecoming taking a 62% second-weekend dive against the grimdark War for the Planet of the Apes.\n\nSpeaking of which, yes, Ant-Man and the Wasp will probably break Spider-Man‘s record for a second-weekend MCU drop (-62%). It has earned $112m in eight days and should earn $28.1m (-63%) for the weekend to give it a still-solid $132m ten-day total.  Nonetheless, it has been showing exceptionally tiny legs since its opening day, and at this point, it’s essentially tied with Ant-Man (a $24 million second weekend back in 2015) in terms of day-to-day tickets-sold comparisons.\n\nThe good news is that Mama Mia! Here We Go Again and The Equalizer 2 might not be as brutal of competition. The bad news is that Mission: Impossible Fallout looks like it’s going to crush the competition in two weeks due to strong buzz and rave reviews. To be fair, Ant-Man and Mission: Impossible Rogue Nation closed out summer 2015 (alongside Straight Outta Compton). So the hope for Disney and Marvel is that A) history will repeat itself, or B) the movie will make enough overseas to still be a huge hit on its mere $160 million budget. I don’t have the overseas updates, but tomorrow’s post may be a tad more optimistic even if it continues to dive in North America and ends up under $200m domestic.",
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      "body": "![lost-bitcoin-768x512.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmcua1rbs6iPHASxoGaaiCX7xJzxH8ByThh1oqNk8vbxWR/lost-bitcoin-768x512.jpg)\nDespite the fact that it could possibly occur with any cryptographic money, the problem of lost Bitcoins is the most widely recognized in view of its market strength and stratospheric ascend in costs. Having been around since 2009, there has been a great deal of time for individuals to forget about where they put their Bitcoin or how to get to their private key, and the outcome is a sizable segment of the current cash supply being expected lost. \n\nA Lot of Crazy Stories \n\nAt regular intervals there is a noteworthy news anecdote about some emotional way somebody lost their Bitcoin or endeavored to recuperate it. The issue is that at the outset, nobody knew the amount Bitcoin would have been worth. At the costs they got it (at an early stage), they had no impetus to put much idea into how they would store it. \n\nThis is the means by which you wind up with stories like the IT specialist who wasn't focusing and tossed out the wrong hard drive. Presently he is endeavoring to uncover the nearby landfill to discover his around $117 worth of Bitcoin. \n\nIndividuals have likewise experienced the inconvenience of employing specialists to break their equipment stockpiling gadget, or getting themselves entranced with a specific end goal to recollect their passphrase. With each wild story we hear, there are likely 100 more situations where somebody either hasn't understood they lost their Bitcoin yet, or haven't reported it to the world as lost. \n\nDistinguishing Lost Bitcoins \n\nIt is quite hard to decide what number of Bitcoins have been lost, since individuals are probably not going to report their blunders to the world. Bitcoin can be lost from multiple points of view: by sending to nonexistent locations, losing the hard drives, overlooking passwords, or notwithstanding something as grim as somebody biting the dust without passing on the entrance to their private key. \n\nChainalysis spends significant time in dissecting the Bitcoin blockchain to find hoodlums or impose dodgers, however they likewise have played out a nitty gritty investigation of the cash supply. By taking a gander at all the coins that have been held for a significant lot of time, and after that looking at how they responded amid forks in the blockchain where additionally activity would ordinarily have been required, they have possessed the capacity to get a general gauge of the measure of Bitcoin that has been lost. At the present time, it is assessed at $2 billion USD, yet that number may shift over the long haul. \n\nA lot of this ends up instructed mystery. For instance, the 1 million BTC that Satoshi Nakamoto holds and has never exchanged are thought to be lost. Nobody recognizes what has happened to those coins or whether they will surface once more, so suppositions like this must be made. \n\nA New Industry \n\nWith a restricted measure of Bitcoins at any point wanted to be printed, these lost Bitcoin will turn out to be increasingly desired over the long haul. An entire bungalow industry is starting to bring forth for the \"fortune seekers\" who look to recoup lost Bitcoin. With roughly $20 billion USD on the table, there is a lot of motivator for organizations to discover approaches to recuperate this cash. \n\nBecause of the high potential result, experts are beginning to offer their administrations in recouping lost coins. It is conceivable to contract a secret key recuperation specialists or an information recuperation pro who will enable you to access your missing assets. These aptitudes were beforehand utilized in recuperating information on PCs, however with Bitcoin's unforeseen ascent over the most recent couple of years, there is currently enormous fiscal remuneration accessible to the individuals who are great at it. \n\nThese experts either charge a settled expense or a level of the recuperated reserves, which could work out to be an exceptionally lucrative business. We know the market is sufficiently enormous, however the inquiry is that it is so conceivable to recoup a great part of the lost cryptographic money. \n\nAll things considered, even with this new pattern developing, everybody ought to set aside the opportunity to anchor their cryptographic money by making reinforcements (ideally numerous reinforcements) and putting away them in safe spots. Also, despite the fact that it sounds insane, you would do well to counsel a legitimate master about figuring an answer that would give your family access to your Bitcoin if something at any point transpired.",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttp://www.tribuneindia.com/news/health/-teens-drinking-regularly-face-worse-alcohol-problems-than-adults/618821.html",
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      "author": "multi-taktv",
      "body": "Alcohol sets a young person up for a later-life drinking problem.![153129605182633_wideLopThum.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmUtLKAgSHnJkeRKbSNChEUo4zUfYASkcmhM1cgwtorY11/153129605182633_wideLopThum.jpg)\n\n\nTeens aged under 17 who drink alcohol weekly are three times more likely to binge drink and be dependent on alcohol as adults compared with their peers who don't drink, an Australian-led research said on Wednesday.![1531295942650408_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmPqG18k2tHVT9fW1n4RznWgq1jLk774FxbfGYAdwrF7Yb/1531295942650408_M=.jpg)\n\n\"The study further debunks the myth that teen experimentation with alcohol promotes responsible drinking, instead it sets a young person up for later-life drinking problem,\" Xinhua news agency quoted Professor George Patton from the Murdoch Children's Research Institute as saying.\n![1531295968671979_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTrAm17gdMsZ2d24ay7xCWS3eannzbV5EQN6wpz96Kkxy/1531295968671979_M=.jpg)\nThe researchers looked at the drinking patterns of 9,000 adolescents in Australia and New Zealand.\nThe findings suggest that delaying drinking alcohol would have \"significant public health benefits\" as well as showing that public health messages \"need to focus as much on frequency of drinking as the amount consumed\", said lead author Edmund Silins.\n![1531295985665606_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbEJ3MP8PHZ5oEJtJdYNMxxyJUXDYBsxrmBxzJsjhd9Qc/1531295985665606_M=.jpg)\n\"Discouraging or delaying alcohol use in adolescence is likely to have substantial benefits in adulthood in terms of preventing harmful drinking behaviours which adversely affect health and well-being,\" he added.",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://www.newkerala.com/news/read/20308/five-quick-snacks-to-add-fun-to-fifa-final.html",
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      "author": "multi-taktv",
      "body": "\" Now make your FIFA matches more fun with adding these foods on the list. \"\n\n![1531371293322757_wideLopThum.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTGZuqtL8FuSrnbGWqK4HVofTpRr3hJ5m89S1rdWXWaij/1531371293322757_wideLopThum.jpg)\n\nThe world is gearing up for the FIFA final on Sunday evening. You don't want your food cravings to play spoilsport so make sure you have enough food to munch during the match.\nOne can try out some lip-smacking snacks suggested by Yogesh Ghorpade, CEO, Uplodefoodie and Deepanshu Manchandan, CEO & Co-founder, Zappfresh that you can treat yourself to while cheering for your favourite team!\n1. Burger![1531371428398368_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZnnUedUdmFhmxJR1i9EYtGc61mwRKcUr7YnjK7oUtMzF/1531371428398368_M=.jpg)\n\nIf you talk about fast food, it is just incomplete without the mention of burgers, the epitome of fast food culture. Burgers are one of the most commonly found street foods and fast food throughout the country, all with different fillings and flavours. You can find a joint at almost every location and it would take you just minutes to order this delicacy.\nA combination of just bun, patty and a few veggies proves how the simplest of recipes can garner the most attention and affection!\n2. Frankie/roll\n![1531371542651104_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmaz9aJoP5WfBbD4QWooHtVDPg2rWgbXxLBF4fYJzgYgWR/1531371542651104_M=.jpg)\n\nFrankie is the Maharashtrian cousin of the famous Rolls that we are all fans of. Parathas filled with toppings from paneer to chicken to mutton and a lot of sauces accompanied by a dip is just the comfort food that we all desire when those midnight hunger pangs occur in between the eye gluing FIFA match. A must have dish to tickle your tastebuds.\n3. Dimsum!![1531371565776431_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbX5YfiY9hNjU2KbWmsJyVJDKuQkYAQexFkQjXeqKJ2vP/1531371565776431_M=.jpg)\n\nIf fast foods had a health revolution, Dimsum would be the one leading them. Simple Chinese translucent pillows filled with delicacies from veggies to a variety of meats, steamed to perfection and served with amazing dips, Dimsum is something we all love and we all crave, but when we don't want to gain any extra kilos.\nThe best thing about Dimsum is their availability, and minimum time preparation. One can imagine stuffing this amazing delicacy and cheering for their team.\n4. Cheese fries![1531371588447741_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmUCsxvQ1qPC5g2SBm4rTaYP9najofWR6ErHspVQcfZkVp/1531371588447741_M=.jpg)\n\nWho doesn't love fries? They make for, probably, the best use of potatoes ever. Fries come in all shapes and sizes, but those which come topped with a lot of cheese are the ones we all love.\n5. Pasta![1531371611174415_M=.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmV4KxvfdhPAkaYswYDFyvqf6fKa1YX7YoKVkL4hoYTkS2/1531371611174415_M=.jpg)",
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      "body": "![_102017129_21e782ce-0254-4a5b-ae2b-81b4a86413de.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmUf1jRrdfdmMmiyDSGmmZ5yVUVfpqQWDDUoSxXjApCyZK/_102017129_21e782ce-0254-4a5b-ae2b-81b4a86413de.jpg)\nThe Queen and Duchess of Sussex are in Cheshire for their first royal engagement together.\nHer Majesty and newly-married Meghan officially opened the Mersey Gateway Bridge and Chester's Storyhouse Theatre.\nThey then attended a lunch at Chester Town Hall as guests of the city council.\nIt is the first time the duchess has attended an event with the Queen without her husband Prince Harry.\nThousands of people were already waiting at the venues hours before the royal pair arrived, with stalls set up on the streets selling flags and souvenirs.\nThe Queen, wearing green in honour of Grenfell Tower fire victims on the first anniversary of the tragedy, and duchess were greeted by hundreds of cheering schoolchildren as they stepped off the royal train at Runcorn station.\nHarry and Meghan join Queen at parade\nWho wore what to the royal wedding\nMeghan's dress in detail\n![_102018736_047431886-1.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmNchVd6s28WdPQmVrwoviXbvqCvAJqbbYPBkcM43TM1kb/_102018736_047431886-1.jpg)\nLord-Lieutenant of Cheshire David Briggs MBE welcomed Meghan as she left the train, saying: \"Welcome to Cheshire. I understand this is your first visit to northern England.\"\nThe 36-year-old duchess, wearing a cream outfit by Givenchy, replied: \"That's right yes.\"\nAbigail Grimes, a pupil at Runcorn's Beechwood Primary School, was chosen to present the duchess with a posy of flowers as it was the youngster's fifth birthday.\nThe Queen, wearing a Stewart Parvin outfit and matching hat by Rachel Trevor Morgan, was given flowers by Jack Jackson, 10, from St Michael's Catholic Primary School in Widnes.\n\nMedia captionThe Queen and Duchess of Sussex arrive in Cheshire\nThousands of people were already waiting at the venues hours before the royal pair arrived, with stalls set up on the streets selling flags and souvenirs.\nThe Queen, wearing green in honour of Grenfell Tower fire victims on the first anniversary of the tragedy, and duchess were greeted by hundreds of cheering schoolchildren as they stepped off the royal train at Runcorn station.\nHarry and Meghan join Queen at parade\nWho wore what to the royal wedding\nMeghan's dress in detail\nThe Queen and Duchess of Sussex during a ceremony to open the new Mersey Gateway BridgeImage copyrightGETTY IMAGES\nImage caption\nThe Duchess of Sussex was wearing Givenchy and the Queen lime green Stewart Parvin\nLord-Lieutenant of Cheshire David Briggs MBE welcomed Meghan as she left the train, saying: \"Welcome to Cheshire. I understand this is your first visit to northern England.\"\nThe 36-year-old duchess, wearing a cream outfit by Givenchy, replied: \"That's right yes.\"\nQueen Elizabeth II officially pulls the curtain to open the new Mersey Gateway BridgeImage copyrightGETTY IMAGES\nImage caption\nThe Queen officially opening the Mersey Gateway Bridge\nThe Queen and the Duchess of SussexImage copyrightPA\nImage caption\nIt is the first time the Queen and the duchess have taken part in a royal event together without the duke\nAbigail Grimes, a pupil at Runcorn's Beechwood Primary School, was chosen to present the duchess with a posy of flowers as it was the youngster's fifth birthday.\nThe Queen, wearing a Stewart Parvin outfit and matching hat by Rachel Trevor Morgan, was given flowers by Jack Jackson, 10, from St Michael's Catholic Primary School in Widnes.\nThe Duchess of SussexImage copyrightGETTY IMAGES\nImage caption\nThe Duchess of Sussex accepts flowers from a schoolgirl in Runcorn\nGrange Hill and Brookside creator Phil Redmond and wife Alexis, the High Sheriff of Cheshire, were among those gathered to greet the royals.\nMr Redmond joked he should have asked the US-born former actress Meghan if she wanted a part in his soap Hollyoaks.\n\"I didn't ask her, but there's still lunch yet. She'll have to go through the audition process like everybody else.\"",
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      "body": "![_102093658_fest_group_pa.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmdVpdv8v8bmQXd5XaiM47XKZnXx2doTbbw64Bm87z5JSc/_102093658_fest_group_pa.jpg)\nNearly half of female festival goers (43%) under 40 say they have faced unwanted sexual behaviour at a music festival, a new survey suggests.\nOverall, 22% of all festival goers have faced assault or harassment, rising to 30% of women overall.\nThe most common forms were unwelcome and forceful dancing and verbal sexualised harassment.\nYouGov surveyed 1,188 festival goers. The poll also suggested only 2% of such incidents were reported to police.\nEarlier this year, separate data released in the Crime Survey for England and Wales in February showed more than 80% of victims of sexual assault did not report it to police.\nThose statistics also revealed that one in five women had experienced some form of sexual assault since they turned 16.\nThe festivals YouGov survey, which was commissioned by the Press Association, also found that only 1% of women reported sexual assault or harassment to a member of festival staff, either before or after the event, although 19% of men did report their experience to staff.![_102093656_fest_glasto_bbc.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXQpttAy4YXqrQ4ohj9xyALMgz38UwsSjpSuRdaVBbYJL/_102093656_fest_glasto_bbc.jpg)\nWhat to do if you are a victim or a witness of a sexual assault or harassment at a music festival this summer\nRape Crisis's Katie Russell spoke to BBC News with some advice:\n\"As a bystander, do as much as you can to engage the perceived victim - be aware that they may feel humiliated and/or unempowered.\n\"Ask them what would they like to happen next? Try to avoid putting yourself in immediate physical danger and use your judgement.\n\"Our advice would be similar for a survivor in any circumstance.\n\"Try to be with someone you trust, who can stay with you, someone you can disclose to.\n\"You might be in shock, so try to stay warm and hydrated.\n\"If you want to report it, what we'd like to see is festivals working with specialist local services, so security staff are properly trained to show respect and empathy.\n\"They should have consideration if someone wants to report (an incident) to the police and know where the nearest sexual assault referral centre is.\n\"We'd love to see festival organisers inviting local services to have a presence at festivals with preventative messages and information on site.\"\nShe says victims should know \"it wasn't your fault\" and points out that just because drink/drugs are prevalent at festivals and there's a more relaxed vibe, \"none of those things mean you're partly to blame\".\n\"Everyone is entitled to enjoy themselves without worrying.\"\nRegarding harassment, Katie used examples such as \"degrading language, or invading someone's personal space\".\n\"Within friendship groups, show zero tolerance to your friends, calling out to mates who might say stuff to bar staff that's making them feel uncomfortable, for example.\n\"Peer intervention can be powerful.\"\npresentational grey line\nDo festival organisers need to step up?\nTracey Wise, founder of campaign group Safe Gigs For Women (SGFW), said: \"We have struggled to find anyone with any definite statistics on this before now.\n\"It gives us something to show to festival organisers so we can say 'you need to take this on board'.\"![_102093654_fest_firefly_reuters.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmNzrfTdDZJT2RdaUvb1wgYusjaHiPrbpkpfg33UHDU4m5/_102093654_fest_firefly_reuters.jpg)\nJen Calleja, a co-director of the Good Night Out Campaign, called the research \"shocking but not surprising\", saying it \"helps prove what we already know through anecdotal evidence\".\nShe added: \"We know that the vast amount of harassment and sexual assault is not reported and we know this comes down to stigma, fear of not being believed and a minimisation of what harassment is.\n\"The idea we want to put forward is that harassment is everybody's problem, it's not just the person who is being assaulted,\" Calleja said.\nThe poll also found that 70% of those who experienced sexual assault or harassment at a festival said the perpetrator was a stranger.\nThe survey was carried out online between June 4 and 6 2018. The figures have been weighted and are representative of all GB adults.\nFearless Female T-shirtImage copyrightAFP\nPaul Reed, chief executive of the Association of Independent Festivals (AIF), said festivals \"have a duty to make their events as safe and secure and enjoyable\" as possible, but that some responsibility also lies with festival goers to report problems.\n\"People shouldn't feel that they need to tolerate the type of behaviour at festivals that they wouldn't tolerate in the street,\" he said.\n\"If people don't intervene, then this behaviour becomes normalised,\" he added.\nWhat kind of stories are we hearing?\nBeth Granter, a 35-year-old campaign manager with social network Care2, said she was flashed by a man at Reading Festival when she was 17.\nShe said she told him to go away and tried to laugh it off.\n\"Laughing was a defensive strategy to de-escalate the situation,\" she added.\nShe said she did not report what happened but felt vulnerable for the rest of the festival.\nFestival tentsImage copyrightREUTERS\nImage caption\nOnly five out of 21 festivals asked for a response, gave one\n\"I think this kind of thing happens more at festivals than in the street during the day, but I haven't seen any evidence that it happens more at festivals than in nightclubs. I have lost count of the times I've been sexually assaulted in a nightclub,\" Ms Granter added.\n'None of my friends said anything'\nAnother anonymous victim said she had been sexually assaulted by her drunk then-boyfriend inside their tent at a festival.\n\"Even though there had been a scuffle and I was upset, none of our friends said or did anything. I think people are particularly disinclined to intervene in something they see as a 'domestic' row.\"\nShe added: \"I've never been to a festival where I felt it was clear who I could talk to about sexual violence or harassment.\"\n\"Specially-designated reps at a festival who are marked out as having responsibility for ensuring that people feel safe and supported would be helpful.\"\nWhat is being done to help?\nThe Press Association contacted 21 of the UK's biggest festivals to discuss the new research on sexual assault and harassment at UK music festivals and ask about provisions and policy at their events.\nOnly five responded - Glastonbury, Reading and Leeds, Creamfields, Latitude, RiZE and Wireless were among those that declined to comment.\nSomerset Police recorded two incidents of sexual assault, two incidents of rape and one incident of indecent exposure at last year's Glastonbury Festival.\nA spokesperson for The Green Man festival said: \"Stewards are positioned throughout the festival and are trained to report any harassment, or violence, to security to be investigated. Crew and service staff are also trained or advised on ways to report minor harassment, or violent behaviour or violence.\"\nA spokesperson for Bestival said: \"We have a Harm Reduction protocol with Dorset Police and other agencies that is designed to address issues such as this.\"",
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      "author": "cheetah",
      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://www.news18.com/news/sports/fifa-world-cup-2018-sweden-bury-world-cup-opening-jinx-to-beat-south-korea-1782377.html",
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      "body": "![9883954-3x2-460x307.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQma7zPBAJFus52tNXTd6458KWUxs3JiFtbrvqprza8LaHh/9883954-3x2-460x307.jpg)\nSweden has won an opening World Cup game for the first time since 1958 and ended its worrying goal drought with a 1-0 victory over South Korea that was a must-win if it wants to progress from a tricky-looking Group F.\n\nAfter dominating the game but missing a string of chances, Sweden won a 65th-minute penalty when Kim Min-woo brought down Viktor Claesson in the box.\n\nSalvadoran referee Joel Aguilar initially waved the Swedes away, before being called to consult the Video Assistant Referee system.\nIn the third VAR-awarded penalty of the World Cup, Sweden's 33-year-old captain Andreas Granqvist stepped up to sweep the ball low and left of otherwise impressive goalkeeper Cho Hyun-woo.\n\nThat fired up the hordes of yellow-clad Swedish fans, who had been fearful their team would misfire again after failing to score in any of their previous three games.\n\nSweden had not won an opening game at any World Cup since 1958, when it was runners-up in their best performance to date.\n\nThe Asians actually began the game far brighter, pressing and harrying for the first 15 minutes against an initially sluggish-looking Sweden.\n\nBut the Scandinavians quickly found their rhythm, coping comfortably with Korea's attacks despite the absence of defender Victor Lindelof through illness.\n\nThe Swedes created a string of chances, most falling to Marcus Berg, who had one close-range side-foot shot spectacularly saved by Cho off his knee in the 21st minute.\n\nAs expected, both teams' single star players were at the heart of their best moves, the silky Son Heung-min busting a lung to try and drive Korea forward from the left flank, and the pacey Emil Forsberg constantly feeding Sweden's big frontmen.\n\nAlthough not the most attractive of the World Cup games so far, there was a terrific atmosphere in the 42,300-strong crowd at the blue-and-white Nizhny Novgorod stadium next to a cathedral at the confluence of the Volga and Oka rivers.\n\nSweden next faces Germany, while Korea takes on in-form Mexico who pulled off a major shock by beating the world champions in their Group F opener. Few will give a chance to Korea, who have now only won one of their last 10 World Cup games.",
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