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      "author": "steemitboard",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-yotdau-20190728t202917000z",
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      "body": "Congratulations @yotdau! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@yotdau/birthday3.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 3 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@yotdau) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=yotdau)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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      "body": "Interesting \n\r I will follow you to see your future posts! ",
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      "body": "very nice please upvote me back.https://steemit.com/travel/@zeeshanusaf2612/9-11-terrorist-billionaire-publicly-admits-he-is-a-moron-when-it-comes-to-understanding-money",
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      "permlink": "curation-corp-newsletter-19-10-2017",
      "title": "Curation Corp Newsletter 19/10/2017",
      "body": "Hello, \n\nThank you for coming across this, I spend a lot of time at work completing a news briefing on the latest stories about digital currencies and blockchain, as well as a plethora of other topics which you can receive to your inbox. It's a nice job, I enjoy it.  \n\nHere is the briefing that went out on the 19th October. If you think I should continue posting these (a few days after our subscribers get them) then please do say so. \n\ncurationcorp.com \n\nThank you, enjoy. \n \nThe latest stories read and summarised by our curators.\n\n3-Star\n\n> PBoC complete trial of digital currency supply algorithms\n> Byzantium hard fork goes live on ethereum\n> Princeton graduates funded by blockchain leaders for 'basecoin'\n> Bitcoin Lightning software released for public testing\n\n2-Star\n\n> Ethereum hard fork leads to break-offs and new chains\n> Australian university offers campus-shop cryptocurrency rewards\n> Australian fintech firms pitching to create tokenised AUD\n> Blockchain-backed insurance policy market in development\n> Popular crypto-exchange Bitfinex announces withdrawal of US support\n> Digital Assets raises $40m in series B funding for DLT platform\n> JPMorgan launches payments blockchain network\n> IBM partnership eyes blockchain to speed international payments\n\n1-Star\n\n> 'Cryptoruble' rumoured to be in the works for Russia\n\n\n3 Star\n\nPBoC complete trial of digital currency supply algorithms\n\nThe People's Bank of China (PBOC) has successfully completed a trial of algorithms needed for digital currency supply. China's central bank has designed a prototype that can regulate the money supply, paving the way for PBOC to be the future sole regulator governing the value of digital fiat currency, said Yao Qian, director-general of the Institute of Digital Money at the PBOC. China has no timetable for the introduction of the currency.\nSources: China Daily\nTags: Digital Currencies, China, People's Bank of China, Payments disruption\n \nByzantium hard fork goes live on ethereum\n\nDevelopers are celebrating as Byzantium, the long-awaited first of two hard forks of ethereum, has taken place. Those behind the first phase of the upgrade said they experienced difficulties ahead of the hard fork, with bugs encountered in the code, prompting some to consider postponing the activation. Ethereum rose to $348 after the upgrade, with no sign of minority forks or consensus issues. It is not known when phase two, Constantinople, will be deployed.\nSources: CoinDesk\nTags: ERC20 tokens, Blockchain, Ethereum, Hard-fork\n \nPrinceton graduates funded by blockchain leaders for 'basecoin'\n\nBlockchain start-up Intangible Labs has attracted several investors to the pre-sale of its digital currency basecoin, according to Intangible Labs CEO Nader Al-Naji. Investors include Digital Currency Group, AngelList CEO Naval Ravikant, Bain Capital Ventures and Andreessen Horowitz. The firm, founded by Princeton graduates Al-Naji, Lawrence Diao and Josh Shen, is developing a stable digital currency which operates in the same way as the federal reserve, a concept based on Al-Naji's blog post about a cryptocurrency which could shrink and grow its supply.\nSources: Rueters\nTags: Cryptocurrencies, Intangible Labs, Blockchain, Digital Currency Group, Basecoin\n \n \nBitcoin Lightning software released for public testing\n\nBitcoin Lightning has begun a two-week public test of demo wallet Desktop App for lnd. Powered by Neutrino, the Segwit-enabled Lightning Desktop App relies on client side filtering, resulting in less active load on full nodes and greater privacy, among other benefits. Once synced, Bitcoin Lightning said the app will automatically manage channel opening within the network, driven by heuristics.\nSources: Lightning\nTags: Bitcoin, Lightning Network\n \n \n2 Star\n\nEthereum hard fork leads to break-offs and new chains\nPublic blockchain Ethereum has been hard forked, enabling upgrades that will make its processes faster and more effective for developers. As a result, new blockchains and new “ethereums” such as Ethereum Vega and Etherite have been created that refuse to use the updated version of the original. The two new branches are intended to offer an alternative to the Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) 649 upgrade, which has left some miners concerned that they will earn less money. However, the success of these new break-offs is yet to be determined.\nSources: CoinDesk\nTags: Ethereum, Hard-fork, Software and services, Diversified financial services, Blockchain\n \n\nAustralian university offers campus-shop cryptocurrency rewards\n\nThe University of New South Wales (UNSW) has partnered with start-up LoyaltyX to offer cryptocurrency as part of a customer loyalty programme at its Sydney campus shops. The 500 students who agreed to participate in the Unify Rewards scheme will earn Ether tokens with every 10 transactions made in the stores. \"Last month, the value of Ether rose by 30%, so we're excited to see how members respond to this type of loyalty currency versus traditional approaches,\" said LoyaltyX MD Andrew Lowe.\nSources: Coin Desk\nTags: Ether, Digital Currencies, University of New South Wales, Education technology, EdTech Strategies\n \nAustralian fintech firms pitching to create tokenised AUD\nstar-rating\nA group of fintech firms are seeking to create a government-backed Digital Australian Dollar (DAD). Presenting their case to the Reserve Bank of Australia and the federal treasury, the companies argued that a DAD pegged to the Australian dollar could compete against cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin and ethereum. The country's government has not publicly mentioned the idea of creating an Australian cryptocurrency, but has introduced legislative changes to make digital money more mainstream.\nSources: Australian Financial Review\nTags: Digital Australian Dollar (DAD), Blockchain, Fintech, Payments disruption, Australia, Digital Currencies, Token-as-a-Service (TaaS)\n \nBlockchain-backed insurance policy market in development\nstar-rating\nSingapore-based start-up fidentiaX is developing an exchange for insurance policies, backed by blockchain. The company's goal is to create a trusted marketplace for policyholders to trade policies without the need for multiple intermediaries to get involved. The company is planning an initial launch of the marketplace in Asia with Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore the targeted jurisdictions.\nSources: Enterprise Times\nTags: Disruption in Insurance, Blockchain, Life insurance, Other stories of interest\n \nPopular crypto-exchange Bitfinex announces withdrawal of US support\nstar-rating\nCryptocurrency exchange Bitfinex is putting an end to trading with US individual customers who use its peer-to-peer financing platform. Customers in the US are already prohibited from getting finance from other Bitfinex users, and will also no longer be able to offer financing from 9 November. Individual US users must also arrange to withdraw their digital tokens by the same date.\nSources: Bitfinex\nTags: Consumer finance, Cryptocurrencies, Diversified financials, Bitcoin, Exchanges, Digital Currencies\n \nDigital Assets raises $40m in series B funding for DLT platform\n\nNew York-based Digital Asset Holdings (DA) has raised $40m in a series B funding round, led by Jefferson River Capital. DA founder Blythe Masters has also appointed Clyde Rodriguez, formerly of Microsoft, as the company's CIO and CTO for engineering. DA has been working on a distributed ledger settlement platform for investor the Australian Securities Exchange, which will decide in December whether it will adopt the system.\nSources: CoinDesk\nTags: Australian Securities Exchange (ASX), Digital Asset Holdings, Blockchain\n \nJPMorgan launches payments blockchain network\n\nJPMorgan has launched the Interbank Information Network (IIN), which aims to bring blockchain technology to global payments. The bank says IIN plans to make payments cheaper, quicker and more secure by cutting the number of participants needed for compliance and data-related queries. Royal Bank of Canada and Australia and New Zealand Banking Group are the first two banks signed up to the network, with others expected to join soon.\nSources: Reuters\nTags: JP Morgan, Royal Bank of Canada, Quorum, Blockchain\n \nIBM partnership eyes blockchain to speed international payments\nstar-rating\nIBM has partnered with KlickEx Group, Stellar.org and several banks to develop a blockchain-based solution to making cross-border payments cheaper and more efficient. International transactions using several currencies can take up to several weeks to clear, but IBM's single-network solution, already being used in the UK, Australia and New Zealand, operates in real-time and could reduce clearing and settlement times to seconds.\nSources: IT Pro Portal\nTags: Stella.org, Payments disruption, IBM, Blockchain\n \n \n1 Star\n\n'Cryptoruble' rumoured to be in the works for Russia\n\nRussia is rumoured to be launching its own cryptocurrency, the cryptoruble. The currency will not be available for mining but will be created and tracked by the Russian government. The cryptocurrency seems to be based on blockchain technology and could be used to protect against online fraud. Rubles and cryptorubles will be interchangeable, though confirmation on how has not been given. The currency could support the online economy without requiring foreign money markets or third-party brokers for transactions, with the currency expected to require proof of origin to guard against money laundering. Undocumented cryptorubles will reportedly have a 13% tax applied when exchanged.\nSources: CoinTelegraph, TechCrunch\nTags: Digital Currencies, Russia, Diversified financials, Diversified financial services, Cryptocurrencies",
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      "body": "You have my word.",
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      "body": "@@ -278,19 +278,17 @@\n ken, at \n-the\n+a\n  value a\n",
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      "body": "@@ -242,16 +242,21 @@\n he home,\n+ they\n  simply \n@@ -263,17 +263,16 @@\n purchase\n-s\n  the tok\n",
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      "body": "It will help you if you verify your identity. A lot of ID thefts and plagiarism is plaguing the platform so it would be good if you refer to the original in your post. Or use any of the methods used by other users. Cheers!",
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      "body": "Yes that was me too. Been meaning to write a piece for steem.it for a while and the so decided to post it here too. Cheers for recognising it!",
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      "author": "darknet",
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      "title": "",
      "body": "I am an Ethereum smart-contact developer and I am considering creating a tool which would allow tokenization of real estate i.e. a person that would like to sell their house simply generates a token, and for an interested buyer to purchase the home, simply purchases the token, at the value agreed upon by both parties.\n\nI believe this will be the future. Cryptographically secure transfer of real life assets such as houses, boats, cars etc. The amount of time and paperwork this would save would alone be reason alone to do it, let alone the $$ savings that would be realized in not transferring monies for **weeks** via traditional banking systems.\n\nObviously, there is **much** more to it than just this simple outline, but that is the basic idea.\n\nInteresting times.",
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      "parent_permlink": "i-did-a-dissertation-on-real-estate-and-blockchain-s-potential-impacts-here-s-a-condensed-version",
      "author": "norbu",
      "permlink": "re-yotdau-i-did-a-dissertation-on-real-estate-and-blockchain-s-potential-impacts-here-s-a-condensed-version-20160828t083738785z",
      "title": "",
      "body": "This reminds me of another article http://www.jamesdearsley.co.uk/fintech-and-the-real-estate-sector/blockchain-real-estate/",
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      "parent_permlink": "property",
      "author": "yotdau",
      "permlink": "i-did-a-dissertation-on-real-estate-and-blockchain-s-potential-impacts-here-s-a-condensed-version",
      "title": "I did a dissertation on Real Estate and Blockchain's Potential Impacts. Here's a condensed version!",
      "body": "Blockchain technology has got the secretive world of computer cryptography paving the way for a groundbreaking new wave of services and businesses.Big banks of the City and Wall Street have started making it a reality for the Financial sector through the R3 Cordia project. It has a huge potential for an array of applications to fundamentally change the Financial sector, as well as how the property industry operates in the UK and globally.\n\nThe problem is that no one understands it. Let me explain a little bit more.\n\n# Blockchain: What it is and what it does <h1> \n\nThe blockchain is a digital infrastructure for services and applications to be built around the existing technology which will give previously unattainable levels of security, speed and transparency to movement of data and assets. It has the ability to refine and evolve how the industry operates at each and every formal and informal level.\n\nA blockchain is a system of constantly synchronised ledgers, similar to a a traditional bookkeeper’s role of maintaining and updating a ledger. However, transaction history and information is maintained by all the collective users, rather than a single central bookkeeper.\n\nThe principle being that:\n\n    each user has a copy of the ledger\n    a change in one ledger is broadcast across all ledgers\n    updates are made simultaneously to all ledgers as each new ‘block’ is added to the ‘chain’\n\nA ‘block’ is made up of all changes that have happened within a period of time. The time of updates depends on the network being used. The time is not set, but rather is the time taken to solve a mathematical equation to secure the network and therefore verify all changes made. Once a ‘block’ of changes has been made, it is added to the ‘chain’ of previously verified ‘blocks’. Thus the ‘blockchain’.\n\nThe blockchain is irrefutable. Once an updated ‘block’ has been accepted into the ‘chain’ then it is stored forever and cannot be changed. It may be changed later on, however there will always be the record of each change that has occurred.\n\nThis allows for an audit trail to be kept on any asset which can be linked to the blockchain through a digital code or ‘passport’, similar to having a serial number on a banknote or on a passport. The ‘passport’ could be linked to a diamond (Everledger Blockchain), providing identification of citizens for Government services (Guardtime Blockchain used in Estonia), Land Registry (Factom Blockchain in Honduras), and a growing number of applications in both the private and public sectors.\n\nThe result is asset movement and a security of data movement with a very low marginal costs in terms of time and money, due to the removal of third parties. A good quote I read while delving into this explains it in clear terms:\n\n“If the internet brought us near instant communication, then the blockchain brings us near instant digital asset transfer, asset movement and security of data movement.”\n\nTo fully understand how a blockchain works, you will require a deep understanding of cryptographic hash functions and hashing algorithms. *Huh?*\n\nThese are complex mathematical equations, so you are forgiven if you don’t understand it. Don’t worry, you don’t really fully need to. Just as you don’t really need to fully understanding how Google search engine algorithms work ‘under the hood’.\n\nRather, be secure in that the network is implausibly hard to tamper and cannot be changed once a block has been added to the chain, nor when a transfer is verified by the rest of the network.\nHere’s my breakdown of how the blockchain works in terms more easily swallowed:\n\nThe security of transactions on the blockchain is made through the ability for the two parties involved to solve a complex mathematical equation, in order to create a line for secure and private communication or transaction between the two parties, while still being on a public network.\n\nThe equation is made up of two numbers, which are called (remember this to impress your friends) a public key and a private key. The public key is broadcast to the entire network, whereas the private key is associated to one of the users and is hidden to the network. Because the private key is linked to the user that is in the transaction, it is part of the equation that is eventually solved in order to create a secure line of transaction. The value of both keys must be known to ‘unlock’ a secure line, since one half of the equation is broadcast to the world there.\n\nSo to make this analogy a physical one: an outsider may see the ‘lock’, the public key and a huge pile of keys in which the required private key is hidden. The outsider has no option but to wade through and try every single key in the lock until they find the right one. Whereas the genuine party will have a the same information as the outsider but also has a piece of string attached to the private key and can ease it out from the pile and open the lock at the first attempt.\n\nIn essence, the secure line is hidden behind hundreds and hundreds of other false equations which are broadcast to the network at the same time, hiding the genuine line behind a number of equations so large it is hidden in randomness. In the case of Bitcoin, there are 2^256 possible equations created in each transaction. It’s like trying to find a single grain of sand in the entire Sahara Desert. In short, it’s pretty tamper-proof.\nOkay, the trickiest part is over. Let’s move on.\n\nA blockchain can also have a different number of states, depending on the level of control that the users have. The Bitcoin network is an example of a public and non permissioned blockchain. Anyone may use and transact on the network, as there are no requirements that users must attain to in order to start using the network.\n\nOn the other hand there are private ledgers, in which users must have met pre-set criteria in order to use the network. Think of this as having to provide details of identity, address, and income prior to receiving a loan from a bank. The criteria for entry can be set up by the owners of the blockchain. Permissioned blockchains typically make use of digital signatures.\n\nA digital signature is, well, just that.\n\nIt is the member of the network having formally ‘signed off’ on an action made to the blockchain. These are permissioned blockchains, since they require a ‘permission’ in order to make changes.\n\nA permissioned blockchain may have one or many owners, who must reach a consensus between the trusted actors in charge of the permissioned blockchain, prior to the rest of the network being updated.  This increases the transparency and trust in the system when the author of changes are linked to an identity of an user.\n\nHowever, there is a loss of anonymity, allowing control of the network to be the hands of a few, similar to existing banks. A permissioned blockchain can be either private or public, meaning it may or may not require pre-set criteria of entry.\n\nIt shows there are a number of different ways for blockchains to be built in order to incorporate different services, markets and users.\n\n# Smart Contracts Taking Over <h1>\n\nSmart contracts are linked to the blockchain since it further removes the necessity of third parties.\n\nA smart contract is a legal business contract, written in computer code, and therefore able to validate and enforce the outcome through code. It is easy to consider the use of a smart contract through an escrow account. If a there is a willing seller and buyer, then they can both preset the requirements for the contract prior to the transfer of the asset.\n\nThe smart contract acts as an impartial ‘checklist’ that makes sure both parties have upheld the requirements of the contract, before allowing the contract to execute and transfers assets simultaneously.\n\nSay, for example, that the seller requires the buyer to place £150,000, proof of identity and proof of conveyancing into the escrow, and the buyer requires the seller to upload the title deeds. Once both parties have completed the requirements, the transfer of the asset, money and documents occurs simultaneously. This would vastly reduce the time and cost of completing the buying and selling once all documentation is completed, with no time lags between completion of the checklist and transaction. As well as this, the entire process is easily audited and traceable, if there is a need to in the future.\n\nA smart contract can be used for multifaceted arrangements, from investment decision-making processes, real-time indexing and compliance checklists. These are only a few examples of how smart contracts can begin to be incorporated into the Real Estate industry. The ability to pull relevant information from a blockchain, in order to populate a smart contract, would massively reduce the time and cost of drafting and collecting all aspects usually required for a contract to be completed. Examples of information required to populate a contract could be: identities of parties, time-limits, legal clauses and breakdown of events.\n\n# Predicting the Future: Home and Abroad <h1>\n\nFor the UK market, a blockchain system would more likely be centred on improving the speed and cost reduction of processes related to property management and investment. And, again more likely, prior to Government uptake of blockchains as a means to provide services to citizens (similar to Guardtime) if that is ever the case. This could replace the current means of transferring property ownership, which, as we all know, requires many third parties, time, patience and costs.\n\nWhilst a blockchain system would not replace the requirements needed to be fulfilled prior to property changing hands, it would allow all actors to work through a seemingly centralised system.\n\nWhere there are already established companies and markets (i.e. the UK) there is more scope to employ a decentralised blockchain.\n\nAs it better suits current practices, and rather than throwing out the entire existing model, it’s more of an evolution, trimming the fat of marginal costs. A decentralised system has many focal points, with actors relaying information to those points. However, unlike a centralised system, all these focal points are linked.\n\nSo, a property company may have many avenues of services directed towards the focus of the company, yet be constantly linked to the Land Registry, mortgage/lending services, and identification on buyers and sellers. This means that there would be very little slowdown in the process of collating all the relevant parts required for a property to change ownership. Moreover, the audit trail is created, so where there is slowdown or blockages, you can pick up the phone and tell them to pull their finger out!\n\nAs explained earlier, the role of smart contracts can have a major impact on how permissions and the legal entitlements of property are recorded. Since a smart contract is self-populating (nothing particularly new), but is also linked to a blockchain, and therefore able to be validated simultaneously, the role of fact checkers and lawyers may be one of the first professions that are reduced by blockchain and automation of services. However, general admin is probably going to take the brunt of job losses or redirection.\nThe question in developed markets is, when will this occur?\n\nDue to the associated costs of Real Estate, there must come a tipping point when the cost of implementing a blockchain type system is going to outweigh the costs of current practices.\n\nThere is huge speculation on when this will occur, and it is up to you to begin considering this (if you want sleepless nights). There is a general consensus that  blockchains are 10 years away from realistic implementation. Yet the trend of technology technology is only continuing to be exponential. The best strategy may be to keep your ear to the ground, especially for telling signs in conveyancing and M&As.\n\nDeveloping markets can benefit from a blockchain by giving security, through proof of ownership, tenure or stake on a piece of land. There is currently a push to provide a blockchain based Land Registry, which would fulfil many of these goals. Those in Honduras with the Factom blockchain and more recently in Sweden too.\n\nFrom an international investor perspective, it could vastly improve the ability to buy in different territories when they can be sure of ownership and transfer. The rise of blockchain systems can improve the ability for communities and individuals to be entitled to a fair share of the benefits of international investment without less risk of corruption or coercion.\n\nThe rise of emerging markets will greatly benefit from a blockchain system where both parties, whether investors, occupiers, owners or developers, can have a complete and thorough understanding of the asset, with an audit trail of ownership, valuations, legal attachments and survey reports.\n\nAs investment firms in the UK are looking into emerging markets, it makes sense that a blockchain system should be implemented as a means to best regulate, predict and define these markets.\nSo what does this all mean for the property industry?\n\nThere are blockchain adopters and sceptics as there are with any new disruptive technology. As yet the potential of blockchain has a louder bark than its current bite, and this should always be considered. However, once the technology is more widely understood, and people begin creating specific services making use of blockchains, then an explosion of efficiency could be seen across the entire industry, from the house-buyer market to the largest of international investors.",
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